{"slug": "jamestown-virginia", "label": "Jamestown, Virginia", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamestown%2C_Virginia", "wikidata": null, "qid": null, "description": null, "entries": 28, "years": 14, "span": [1606, 1699], "span_label": ["1606 CE", "1699 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Conflict & Security", "count": 10}, {"title": "Exploration & Expansion", "count": 7}, {"title": "Disasters & Accidents", "count": 3}, {"title": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "count": 3}, {"title": "Health & Medicine", "count": 2}, {"title": "Religion & Belief", "count": 1}, {"title": "Science & Discovery", "count": 1}, {"title": "Technology & Infrastructure", "count": 1}], "related": [{"slug": "kingdom-of-england", "label": "Kingdom of England", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "england", "label": "England", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "december", "label": "December", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "old-style-and-new-style-dates", "label": "Old Style and New Style dates", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "colony-of-virginia", "label": "Colony of Virginia", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "williamsburg-virginia", "label": "Williamsburg, Virginia", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "river-thames", "label": "River Thames", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "virginia", "label": "Virginia", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "bermuda", "label": "Bermuda", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "american-indian-wars", "label": "American Indian Wars", "shared": 1}], "items": [{"year": 1606, "year_label": "1606 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": "December 19", "text": "December 19 – The Susan Constant sets out from the River Thames in England leading the Virginia Company's fleet for the foundation of Jamestown, Virginia.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369561009#October–December", "title": "1606", "revid": 1369561009, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1607, "year_label": "1607 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": "May 14", "text": "May 14 – Jamestown, Virginia, is established as the first permanent English settlement in North America, beginning the American frontier.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1358831090#April–June", "title": "1607", "revid": 1358831090, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1607, "year_label": "1607 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "May 26", "text": "May 26 – At Jamestown, the president of the governing council, Edward Wingfield, directs the fort to be strengthened and armed against the many attacks of the natives: \"Hereupon the President was contented the Fort should be pallisadoed, the ordinance mounted, his men armed and exercised, for many were the assaults and Ambuscadoes of the Savages ...\" 200 armed Indians attack the Jamestown settlement, killing two people and wounding 10.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1358831090#April–June", "title": "1607", "revid": 1358831090, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1608, "year_label": "1608 CE", "section": "Health & Medicine", "date": "December", "text": "December – Jamestown supply missions: Christopher Newport returns to England from Jamestown carrying cargo with \"tryals of Pitch, Tarre, Glasse, Frankincense, Sope Ashes ...\"", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1352783723#October–December", "title": "1608", "revid": 1352783723, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1608, "year_label": "1608 CE", "section": "Disasters & Accidents", "date": "January 7", "text": "January 7 – At Jamestown, Virginia, fire destroys \"all the houses in the fort\"; the fort is repaired in March.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1352783723#January–March", "title": "1608", "revid": 1352783723, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1608, "year_label": "1608 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "November 20", "text": "November 20 – Sir Thomas Gates, Governor of the London Company's colony at Jamestown, Virginia, is ordered by the Board of Directors to forcibly convert the native Indians in the area to Christianity as Anglicans.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1352783723#October–December", "title": "1608", "revid": 1352783723, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1608, "year_label": "1608 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": "October 1", "text": "October 1 – The second of the Jamestown supply missions, which set out in July from England, arrives at Jamestown, Virginia, with Christopher Newport commanding the Mary and Margaret carrying 70 settlers, bringing the population back up to 120; the passengers include two women and some skilled artisans, mostly from continental Europe, to develop industries.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1352783723#October–December", "title": "1608", "revid": 1352783723, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1609, "year_label": "1609 CE", "section": "Health & Medicine", "date": "August 11", "text": "August 11 – Four ships arrive at the colony of Jamestown, Virginia, with almost 300 men, women and children, to bring supplies for the starving English colonists. They are followed days later by the other three ships remaining from the London Company. Most of the supplies, however, are spoiled by rain and seawater, and many of the passengers are ill with the bubonic plague.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365588617#July–September", "title": "1609", "revid": 1365588617, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1609, "year_label": "1609 CE", "section": "Disasters & Accidents", "date": "July 23", "text": "July 23 – A three-day hurricane begins in the Caribbean Sea and separates the nine London Company's ships and their 600 passengers who are en route to relieve the Jamestown settlement. One ship sinks, and the flagship is wrecked. Less than 300 settlers make it to Virginia.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365588617#July–September", "title": "1609", "revid": 1365588617, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1609, "year_label": "1609 CE", "section": "Disasters & Accidents", "date": "June 2", "text": "June 2 – With the Sea Venture as its flagship, a fleet of nine English ships and more than 500 passengers altogether, departs from England to bring supplies to the English settlement in Jamestown, Virginia. The fleet runs into a storm in July and the Sea Venture is wrecked in the Bermuda islands on July 24.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365588617#April–June", "title": "1609", "revid": 1365588617, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1609, "year_label": "1609 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "September 10", "text": "September 10 – Jamestown: Capt. George Percy replaces Captain John Smith as president of the Council, and Smith returns to England.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365588617#July–September", "title": "1609", "revid": 1365588617, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1610, "year_label": "1610 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "June 10", "text": "June 10 – Jamestown: The convoy of temporary Governor Gates, and the ships of Governor Lord De La Warr, land at Jamestown.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1361322431#April–June", "title": "1610", "revid": 1361322431, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1610, "year_label": "1610 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "June 7", "text": "June 7 – Jamestown: Temporary Governor Gates decides to abandon Jamestown.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1361322431#April–June", "title": "1610", "revid": 1361322431, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1610, "year_label": "1610 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": "June 8", "text": "June 8 – Jamestown: Temporary Governor Gates' convoy meets the ships of Governor Thomas West, 3rd Baron De La Warr (Delaware) at Mulberry Island.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1361322431#April–June", "title": "1610", "revid": 1361322431, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1610, "year_label": "1610 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "May 23", "text": "May 23 – Jamestown, Virginia: Acting as temporary Governor, Thomas Gates, along with John Rolfe, Captain Ralph Hamor, Sir George Somers, and other survivors from the Sea Venture (wrecked at Bermuda) arrive at Jamestown; they find that 60 have survived the \"starving time\" (winter), the fort palisades and gates have been torn down, and empty houses have been used for firewood, in fear of attacks by natives outside the fort area.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1361322431#April–June", "title": "1610", "revid": 1361322431, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1610, "year_label": "1610 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "May 24", "text": "May 24 – Jamestown, Virginia: The temporary Governor, Thomas Gates, issues The Divine, Moral, and Martial Laws.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1361322431#April–June", "title": "1610", "revid": 1361322431, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1611, "year_label": "1611 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": null, "text": "At Jamestown, John Rolfe imports tobacco seeds from the island of Trinidad (Nicotiana tabacum); the native tobacco is Nicotiana rustica.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1277342005#Date_unknown", "title": "1611", "revid": 1277342005, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1611, "year_label": "1611 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "August 2", "text": "August 2 – Jamestown's Deputy Governor Sir Thomas Gates returns to Virginia with 280 people, provisions and cattle on six ships and assumes control, ruling that the fort must be strengthened.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1277342005#July–September", "title": "1611", "revid": 1277342005, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1613, "year_label": "1613 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": null, "text": "Near Jamestown, Virginia, Sir Thomas Dale starts a settlement called Bermuda City, which later becomes part of Hopewell, Virginia.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366649732#Date_unknown", "title": "1613", "revid": 1366649732, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1613, "year_label": "1613 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": "June 28", "text": "June 28 (July 8 N.S.) – From Jamestown, John Rolfe makes the first shipment to England of tobacco grown in Virginia, dispatching it on the ship The Elizabeth. The tobacco arrives in England after a voyage of three weeks.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366649732#April–June", "title": "1613", "revid": 1366649732, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1614, "year_label": "1614 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": null, "text": "Pocahontas, the 17-year-old daughter of Mamanatowick Wahunsenacawh of the Powhatan Algonquian native tribe in the modern-day U.S. state of Virginia, is forced into child marriage with English colonist John Rolfe at Jamestown, a year after her capture in war. She is given the name of Rebecca Rolfe and departs with John Rolfe to England in 1616, dying before she can return.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372816433#April–June", "title": "1614", "revid": 1372816433, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1619, "year_label": "1619 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "July 30", "text": "July 30 – In Jamestown, Virginia, the first English-speaking representative assembly in the Americas, the Virginia General Assembly (later named House of Burgesses), convenes for the first time.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369562130#July–September", "title": "1619", "revid": 1369562130, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1622, "year_label": "1622 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "March 22", "text": "March 22 – Jamestown massacre: Algonquian natives kill 347 English settlers outside Jamestown, Virginia (one third of the colony's population), and burn the Henricus settlement. This begins the American Indian Wars.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366857889#January–May", "title": "1622", "revid": 1366857889, "section": "Events › January–May"}}, {"year": 1623, "year_label": "1623 CE", "section": "Technology & Infrastructure", "date": "March 20", "text": "March 20 – Richard Frethorne begins writing a letter to his parents from Jamestown, Virginia.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366655899#January–March", "title": "1623", "revid": 1366655899, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1623, "year_label": "1623 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "May 22", "text": "May 22 – After negotiations for the release of English women taken from Jamestown in the British North American colony of Virginia, conducted between Captain William Tucker of the English settlers and Chief Opchanacanough of the Powhatan Confederacy (Tsenacommacah), the English arrange a banquet with the Powhatan, and the drinking of wine. The wine is poisoned and many of the Powhatan Indians die, while 50 more are killed while ill. This follows the massacre of 347 English colonists of March 22, 1622, in the Powhatan uprising. Opchanacanough escapes, and the 20 women never return home.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366655899#April–June", "title": "1623", "revid": 1366655899, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1644, "year_label": "1644 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "April 18", "text": "April 18 – Opchanacanough leads the Powhatan Indians in an unsuccessful uprising against the English at Jamestown. Although 300 of the English colonists are slain, the settlers pursue Opchanacanough, who is imprisoned in Jamestown for the rest of his life. This is the last such Indian rebellion in the region.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369560996#April–June", "title": "1644", "revid": 1369560996, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1676, "year_label": "1676 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "September 19", "text": "September 19 – Bacon's Rebellion: Jamestown is burned to the ground by the forces of Nathaniel Bacon.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365992596#July–September", "title": "1676", "revid": 1365992596, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1699, "year_label": "1699 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "May 1", "text": "May 1 (O.S.) – A series of five student orations at the College of William & Mary precipitate the Colony of Virginia's capital moving from Jamestown to Middle Plantation, resulting in the establishment of Williamsburg.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369560904#April–June", "title": "1699", "revid": 1369560904, "section": "Events › April–June"}}]}