{"slug": "japan", "label": "Japan", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17", "qid": "Q17", "description": "island country in East Asia", "entries": 369, "years": 323, "span": [-631, 2025], "span_label": ["632 BCE", "2025 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Deaths", "count": 73}, {"title": "Conflict & Security", "count": 56}, {"title": "Births", "count": 54}, {"title": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "count": 43}, {"title": "Religion & Belief", "count": 31}, {"title": "Culture & Society", "count": 22}, {"title": "Climate & Environment", "count": 21}, {"title": "Technology & Infrastructure", "count": 17}, {"title": "Economy & Finance", "count": 15}, {"title": "Health & Medicine", "count": 11}, {"title": "Exploration & Expansion", "count": 10}, {"title": "Crime & Justice", "count": 6}, {"title": "Disasters & Accidents", "count": 6}, {"title": "Science & Discovery", "count": 4}], "related": [{"slug": "china", "label": "China", "shared": 11}, {"slug": "osaka", "label": "Osaka", "shared": 11}, {"slug": "emperor-tenmu", "label": "Emperor Tenmu", "shared": 11}, {"slug": "kyoto", "label": "Kyoto", "shared": 10}, {"slug": "nara-nara", "label": "Nara, Nara", "shared": 9}, {"slug": "buddhism-in-japan", "label": "Buddhism in Japan", "shared": 8}, {"slug": "tokyo", "label": "Tokyo", "shared": 7}, {"slug": "korea", "label": "Korea", "shared": 5}, {"slug": "empress-suiko", "label": "Empress Suiko", "shared": 5}, {"slug": "honshu", "label": "Honshu", "shared": 5}, {"slug": "emperor-go-shirakawa", "label": "Emperor Go-Shirakawa", "shared": 5}, {"slug": "okinawa-prefecture", "label": "Okinawa Prefecture", "shared": 5}], "items": [{"year": -631, "year_label": "632 BCE", "section": "Births", "date": null, "text": "Suizei, emperor of Japan (d. 549 BC)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370510218#Births", "title": "632 BC", "revid": 1370510218, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": -552, "year_label": "553 BCE", "section": "Births", "date": null, "text": "Itoku, emperor of Japan (d. 477 BC)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367728243#Births", "title": "553 BC", "revid": 1367728243, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": -548, "year_label": "549 BCE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Emperor Suizei dies after a 32-year reign and is succeeded by his son Annei as emperor of Japan.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1346605699#Asia", "title": "549 BC", "revid": 1346605699, "section": "Events › By place › Asia"}}, {"year": -548, "year_label": "549 BCE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Suizei, emperor of Japan (b. 632 BC)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1346605699#Deaths", "title": "549 BC", "revid": 1346605699, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": -509, "year_label": "510 BCE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Annei, emperor of Japan (b. 577 BC)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1350129120#Deaths", "title": "510 BC", "revid": 1350129120, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": -505, "year_label": "506 BCE", "section": "Births", "date": null, "text": "Kōshō, emperor of Japan (d. 393 BC)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1355216942#Births", "title": "506 BC", "revid": 1355216942, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": -272, "year_label": "273 BCE", "section": "Births", "date": null, "text": "Kōgen, emperor of Japan (d. 158 BC)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1227001457#Births", "title": "273 BC", "revid": 1227001457, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": -97, "year_label": "98 BCE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Emperor Kaika of Japan, according to legend.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1333929969#Deaths", "title": "98 BC", "revid": 1333929969, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": -96, "year_label": "97 BCE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Sujin becomes emperor of Japan (approximate date).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1280577092#Japan", "title": "97 BC", "revid": 1280577092, "section": "Events › By place › Japan"}}, {"year": 57, "year_label": "57 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": null, "text": "Emperor Guang Wu grants Nakoku (located around modern-day Fukuoka City) a golden seal, being the oldest evidence of writing in Japan. In return King Na sends an envoy to China.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373339620#China", "title": "50s", "revid": 1373339620, "section": "Events › 57 AD › China"}}, {"year": 188, "year_label": "188 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Queen Himiko (or Shingi Waō) begins her reign in Japan (until 248).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371309114#Japan", "title": "AD 188", "revid": 1371309114, "section": "Events › By place › Japan"}}, {"year": 247, "year_label": "247 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Himiko of Yamataikoku, in Japan, begins a war against King Himikoku of Kunukoku.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371188649#Asia", "title": "247", "revid": 1371188649, "section": "Events › By place › Asia"}}, {"year": 274, "year_label": "274 CE", "section": "Technology & Infrastructure", "date": null, "text": "Japanese shipwrights build a 100-foot oar-powered vessel for Emperor Ōjin. The Japanese will not use sails for another seven centuries.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1271086341#Transportation", "title": "274", "revid": 1271086341, "section": "Events › By topic › Transportation"}}, {"year": 298, "year_label": "298 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": null, "text": "The manufacture of cultured silk becomes popular from Korea to Japan.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1339920738#Korea", "title": "298", "revid": 1339920738, "section": "Events › By place › Korea"}}, {"year": 310, "year_label": "310 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Emperor Ōjin of Japan, according to legend.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1349300512#Deaths", "title": "310", "revid": 1349300512, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 313, "year_label": "313 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": null, "text": "Nintoku, the fourth son of Ōjin, becomes the 16th emperor of Japan. The historical profile of Nintoku is generally accepted as fact without attributing all of the things he allegedly accomplished.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1330160715#Asia", "title": "313", "revid": 1330160715, "section": "Events › By place › Asia"}}, {"year": 336, "year_label": "336 CE", "section": "Births", "date": null, "text": "Richū, emperor of Japan (approximate date)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1267076019#Births", "title": "336", "revid": 1267076019, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 367, "year_label": "367 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": null, "text": "The first Korean envoy arrives in Japan, emissary of the government of Kudara.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1326556842#Asia", "title": "367", "revid": 1326556842, "section": "Events › By place › Asia"}}, {"year": 405, "year_label": "405 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "The Japanese court officially adopts the Chinese writing system (approximate date).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367640804#Arts_and_Sciences", "title": "405", "revid": 1367640804, "section": "Events › By topic › Arts and Sciences"}}, {"year": 405, "year_label": "405 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Richu, emperor of Japan (approximate date)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367640804#Deaths", "title": "405", "revid": 1367640804, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 406, "year_label": "406 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Hanzei succeeds his brother Richu, and becomes the 18th emperor of Japan in the traditional order of succession.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1305888876#Asia", "title": "406", "revid": 1305888876, "section": "Events › By place › Asia"}}, {"year": 418, "year_label": "418 CE", "section": "Births", "date": null, "text": "Yuryaku, emperor of Japan (approximate date)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1353837472#Births", "title": "418", "revid": 1353837472, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 453, "year_label": "453 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Ankō obtains the throne of his father Ingyō after the traditional order of succession and becomes the 20th emperor of Japan. His eldest brother Prince Kinashi no Karu commits suicide after being accused of an incestuous relationship with his sister Karu no Ōiratsume (according to the Nihon Shoki).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1348812409#Asia", "title": "453", "revid": 1348812409, "section": "Events › By place › Asia"}}, {"year": 463, "year_label": "463 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "The Kibi Clan Rebellion against the Yamato state (Japan) in the Korean Peninsula begins.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367480401#Asia", "title": "463", "revid": 1367480401, "section": "Events › By place › Asia"}}, {"year": 478, "year_label": "478 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "The first Shinto shrines are built in Japan.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360122028#Asia", "title": "478", "revid": 1360122028, "section": "Events › By place › Asia"}}, {"year": 480, "year_label": "480 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Prince Seinei succeeds his father Yūryaku and becomes the 22nd emperor of Japan.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364739995#Asia", "title": "480", "revid": 1364739995, "section": "Events › By place › Asia"}}, {"year": 487, "year_label": "487 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Kenzō, emperor of Japan (approximate date)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340789359#Deaths", "title": "487", "revid": 1340789359, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 487, "year_label": "487 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Emperor Kenzō of Japan, age 38, dies after a reign of only three years.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340789359#Asia", "title": "487", "revid": 1340789359, "section": "Events › By place › Asia"}}, {"year": 488, "year_label": "488 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Ninken, adopted heir of Seinei, succeeds his brother Kenzō and becomes new emperor of Japan.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340789358#Asia", "title": "488", "revid": 1340789358, "section": "Events › By place › Asia"}}, {"year": 509, "year_label": "509 CE", "section": "Births", "date": null, "text": "Kinmei, emperor of Japan (d. 571)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340790384#Births", "title": "509", "revid": 1340790384, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 531, "year_label": "531 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Keitai, emperor of Japan (b. 450)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1351343342#Deaths", "title": "531", "revid": 1351343342, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 538, "year_label": "538 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": null, "text": "The Kofun period ends and the Asuka period, the second part of the Yamato period in Japan, begins.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1351200776#Asia", "title": "538", "revid": 1351200776, "section": "Events › By place › Asia"}}, {"year": 538, "year_label": "538 CE", "section": "Births", "date": null, "text": "Emperor Bidatsu of Japan (d. 585)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1351200776#Births", "title": "538", "revid": 1351200776, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 539, "year_label": "539 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": null, "text": "Kinmei succeeds his brother Senka, and ascends as 29th emperor to the throne of Japan.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364754969#Asia", "title": "539", "revid": 1364754969, "section": "Events › By place › Asia"}}, {"year": 540, "year_label": "540 CE", "section": "Births", "date": "October 12", "text": "October 12 – Yōmei, emperor of Japan (d. 587)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367291057#Births", "title": "540", "revid": 1367291057, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 554, "year_label": "554 CE", "section": "Births", "date": null, "text": "Suiko, empress of Japan (d. 628)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364904137#Births", "title": "554", "revid": 1364904137, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 571, "year_label": "571 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "April 15", "text": "April 15 – Kinmei, emperor of Japan (b. 509)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364751956#Deaths", "title": "571", "revid": 1364751956, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 572, "year_label": "572 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": null, "text": "Bidatsu succeeds his father Kinmei and ascends to the throne of Japan as the 30th emperor.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340801019#Asia", "title": "572", "revid": 1340801019, "section": "Events › By place › Asia"}}, {"year": 574, "year_label": "574 CE", "section": "Births", "date": "February 7", "text": "February 7 – Shōtoku, prince and regent of Japan (d. 622)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1349204925#Births", "title": "574", "revid": 1349204925, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 578, "year_label": "578 CE", "section": "Technology & Infrastructure", "date": null, "text": "Kongō Gumi, the world's oldest construction company (578–2006), is founded in Osaka (Japan).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340801573#Asia", "title": "578", "revid": 1340801573, "section": "Events › By place › Asia"}}, {"year": 585, "year_label": "585 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "September 14", "text": "September 14 – Bidatsu, emperor of Japan (b. 538)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365938601#Deaths", "title": "585", "revid": 1365938601, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 585, "year_label": "585 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "September 15", "text": "September 15 – Emperor Bidatsu, age 47, dies of smallpox after a 13-year reign, and is succeeded by his brother Yōmei as the 31st emperor of Japan.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365938601#Asia", "title": "585", "revid": 1365938601, "section": "Events › By place › Asia"}}, {"year": 587, "year_label": "587 CE", "section": "Births", "date": null, "text": "Soga no Emishi, statesman of Japan (d. 645)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364756380#Births", "title": "587", "revid": 1364756380, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 592, "year_label": "592 CE", "section": "Crime & Justice", "date": "December 8", "text": "December 8 – Emperor Sushun of Japan is murdered after 5 years on the throne by agents of his rival Umako Soga, who is jealous of the emperor's power. He is succeeded by Suiko, widow of the late emperor Bidatsu.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364754934#Asia", "title": "592", "revid": 1364754934, "section": "Events › By place › Asia"}}, {"year": 593, "year_label": "593 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "The Shitennō-ji monastery is founded at Osaka (Japan) by Shōtoku.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364755561#Religion", "title": "593", "revid": 1364755561, "section": "Events › By topic › Religion"}}, {"year": 593, "year_label": "593 CE", "section": "Births", "date": null, "text": "Jomei, emperor of Japan (d. 641)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364755561#Births", "title": "593", "revid": 1364755561, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 594, "year_label": "594 CE", "section": "Births", "date": null, "text": "Kōgyoku, empress of Japan (d. 661)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364756331#Births", "title": "594", "revid": 1364756331, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 596, "year_label": "596 CE", "section": "Births", "date": null, "text": "Kōtoku, emperor of Japan (d. 654)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364739187#Births", "title": "596", "revid": 1364739187, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 603, "year_label": "603 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": null, "text": "Prince Shōtoku of Japan establishes a twelve level cap and rank system, and is said to have authored a seventeen-article constitution.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364752956#Asia", "title": "603", "revid": 1364752956, "section": "Events › By place › Asia"}}, {"year": 604, "year_label": "604 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": null, "text": "Prince Shotoku, imperial regent of Empress Suiko, issues a Seventeen-article constitution, based on both Confucian and Buddhist principles in Japan.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364754628#Asia", "title": "604", "revid": 1364754628, "section": "Events › By place › Asia"}}, {"year": 607, "year_label": "607 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "August 1", "text": "August 1 – Empress Suiko appoints Ono no Imoko as official envoy to the Sui Court (Japanese missions to Imperial China). She sends him to pay tribute to Emperor Yángdi, and let him deliver the famous letter from prince-regent Shōtoku which begins: \"The Son of Heaven where the sun rises (Japan), to the Son of Heaven where the sun sets (China), may good health be with you.\" (Traditional Japanese date: July 3, 607).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340802681#Asia", "title": "607", "revid": 1340802681, "section": "Events › By place › Asia"}}, {"year": 628, "year_label": "628 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "April 15", "text": "April 15 – Suiko, empress of Japan", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340803502#Deaths", "title": "628", "revid": 1340803502, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 631, "year_label": "631 CE", "section": "Births", "date": null, "text": "Temmu, emperor of Japan (approximate date)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364749921#Births", "title": "631", "revid": 1364749921, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 641, "year_label": "641 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "November 17", "text": "November 17 – Emperor Jomei of Japan, age 48, dies after a 12-year reign.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364764166#Asia", "title": "641", "revid": 1364764166, "section": "Events › By place › Asia"}}, {"year": 641, "year_label": "641 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "November 17", "text": "November 17 – Emperor Jomei of Japan (b. 593)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364764166#Deaths", "title": "641", "revid": 1364764166, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 645, "year_label": "645 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": null, "text": "Empress Kōgyoku is forced to abdicate the throne in favor of her younger brother Kōtoku, age 49, who becomes the 36th emperor of Japan.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1347973672#Japan", "title": "645", "revid": 1347973672, "section": "Events › By place › Japan"}}, {"year": 645, "year_label": "645 CE", "section": "Births", "date": null, "text": "Jitō, empress of Japan (d. 703)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1347973672#Births", "title": "645", "revid": 1347973672, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 646, "year_label": "646 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": null, "text": "A Great Reform edict changes Japan's political order. It will lead to the establishment of a centralized government with Kōtoku ruling from his palace, Naniwa Nagara-Toyosaki Palace, in Osaka.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340804476#Japan", "title": "646", "revid": 1340804476, "section": "Events › By place › Japan"}}, {"year": 649, "year_label": "649 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Soga no Kurayamada, Japanese udaijin", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365938693#Deaths", "title": "649", "revid": 1365938693, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 652, "year_label": "652 CE", "section": "Health & Medicine", "date": null, "text": "The registers of population are prepared in Japan. Fifty houses are made a township, and for each township there is appointed an elder. The houses are all associated in groups of five for mutual protection, with one elder to supervise them one with another. This system prevails until the era of World War II.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367635695#Asia", "title": "652", "revid": 1367635695, "section": "Events › By place › Asia"}}, {"year": 653, "year_label": "653 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Prince Tenji of Japan changes his residence to Asuka (Nara Prefecture), with other imperial family members and ministers. Only Emperor Kōtoku stays in the Naniwa Palace (approximate date).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367635810#Asia", "title": "653", "revid": 1367635810, "section": "Events › By place › Asia"}}, {"year": 654, "year_label": "654 CE", "section": "Health & Medicine", "date": null, "text": "Nakatomi no Kamatari, the inner minister (naidaijin) of Japan, is granted the Shikwan (the Purple Cap). [Ambiguous; Significance of this is unclear]", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362652029#Asia", "title": "654", "revid": 1362652029, "section": "Events › By place › Asia"}}, {"year": 654, "year_label": "654 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "November 24", "text": "November 24 – Kōtoku, emperor of Japan (b. 596)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362652029#Deaths", "title": "654", "revid": 1362652029, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 656, "year_label": "656 CE", "section": "Technology & Infrastructure", "date": null, "text": "Empress Saimei of Japan builds a new palace at Asuka (Nara Prefecture), because her former residence caught fire. This construction is called the \"Mad Canal\" by the people of that day, wasting the labor of tens of thousand workers and a large amount of money.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367635539#Asia", "title": "656", "revid": 1367635539, "section": "Events › By place › Asia"}}, {"year": 659, "year_label": "659 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": null, "text": "A Japanese embassy is sent to the Chinese Empire, and received in an audience by Emperor Gao Zong. The Tang dynasty is determined in the next year to take administrative measures in regard to Japan. The envoys are detained.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340804363#Asia", "title": "659", "revid": 1340804363, "section": "Events › By place › Asia"}}, {"year": 660, "year_label": "660 CE", "section": "Technology & Infrastructure", "date": null, "text": "Prince Naka no Ōe no Ōji of Japan makes a Japanese clock for the first time at Asuka, by which he causes the people to know the hours.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1359584981#Japan", "title": "660", "revid": 1359584981, "section": "Events › By place › Japan"}}, {"year": 660, "year_label": "660 CE", "section": "Births", "date": null, "text": "Genmei, empress of Japan (d. 721)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1359584981#Births", "title": "660", "revid": 1359584981, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 663, "year_label": "663 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Battle of Baekgang: Korean Baekje forces and their Japanese allies are defeated in a naval battle, by a joint Silla–Tang coalition.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367635360#Asia", "title": "663", "revid": 1367635360, "section": "Events › By place › Asia"}}, {"year": 668, "year_label": "668 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Emperor Tenji of Japan officially accedes to the throne, and hunts on the Moor of Ōmi-Gamōno. The letters exchanged between prince Ōama and princess Nukata are recorded in Man'yōshū.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340805218#Asia", "title": "668", "revid": 1340805218, "section": "Events › By place › Asia"}}, {"year": 670, "year_label": "670 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": null, "text": "A family register, Kogo-nenjaku, is prepared in Japan (approximate date) [Significance of this event is unclear] .", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367634463#Asia", "title": "670", "revid": 1367634463, "section": "Events › By place › Asia"}}, {"year": 671, "year_label": "671 CE", "section": "Technology & Infrastructure", "date": "June 10", "text": "June 10 – Emperor Tenji introduces a water clock (clepsydra) called Rokoku. The instrument, which measures time and indicates hours, is placed in the capital of Ōtsu in Japan.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340805234#Asia", "title": "671", "revid": 1340805234, "section": "Events › By place › Asia"}}, {"year": 673, "year_label": "673 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "March 20", "text": "March 20 – Emperor Tenmu assumes the Chrysanthemum Throne of Japan at the Palace of Kiyomihara, in Asuka.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340805471#Asia", "title": "673", "revid": 1340805471, "section": "Events › By place › Asia"}}, {"year": 674, "year_label": "674 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": null, "text": "In Japan, Princess Ōku proceeds to the Ise Jingu.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1352002710#Asia", "title": "674", "revid": 1352002710, "section": "Events › By place › Asia"}}, {"year": 675, "year_label": "675 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "January 5", "text": "January 5 – In Japan, a platform to observe the stars for astrologers is erected for the first time.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340805588#Asia", "title": "675", "revid": 1340805588, "section": "Events › By place › Asia"}}, {"year": 676, "year_label": "676 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": null, "text": "Emperor Tenmu of Japan promulgates a decree about taxes from fiefs, and the employment of persons for the service from the outer provinces. Men of distinguished ability are allowed to enter the service, even though they are of the common people, regardless of their ranks.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365938815#Asia", "title": "676", "revid": 1365938815, "section": "Events › By place › Asia"}}, {"year": 680, "year_label": "680 CE", "section": "Health & Medicine", "date": null, "text": "In Japan, Princess Uno Sarara is unwell, and Emperor Tenmu begins the erection of the Temple of Yakushi-ji (Nara Prefecture). He makes 100 people enter religion as priests, wishing her to recover her health.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1331672551#Asia", "title": "680", "revid": 1331672551, "section": "Events › By place › Asia"}}, {"year": 680, "year_label": "680 CE", "section": "Births", "date": null, "text": "Genshō, empress of Japan (d. 748)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1331672551#Births", "title": "680", "revid": 1331672551, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 681, "year_label": "681 CE", "section": "Technology & Infrastructure", "date": null, "text": "In Japan the Asuka Kiyomihara Code is commenced under Emperor Tenmu.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367426529#Asia", "title": "681", "revid": 1367426529, "section": "Events › By place › Asia"}}, {"year": 683, "year_label": "683 CE", "section": "Economy & Finance", "date": null, "text": "Emperor Tenmu decrees a reform in Japan; copper coins must be used instead of silver coins. Three days later he issues a decree to allow the continued use of silver.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367313750#Asia", "title": "683", "revid": 1367313750, "section": "Events › By place › Asia"}}, {"year": 685, "year_label": "685 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": null, "text": "Empress Wu Zetian sends a pair of giant pandas to the Japanese court of Emperor Tenmu, as a diplomatic gift (approximate date).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364749113#China", "title": "685", "revid": 1364749113, "section": "Events › By place › China"}}, {"year": 686, "year_label": "686 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "October 1", "text": "October 1 – Tenmu, emperor of Japan", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367994465#Deaths", "title": "686", "revid": 1367994465, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 686, "year_label": "686 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "October 1", "text": "October 1 – Emperor Tenmu of Japan dies after a 13-year reign, and is succeeded by his widow (and niece), Empress Jitō. She will reign until 697.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367994465#Asia", "title": "686", "revid": 1367994465, "section": "Events › By place › Asia"}}, {"year": 689, "year_label": "689 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": null, "text": "The Asuka Kiyomihara Code, a collection of governing rules commenced in 681 under Emperor Tenmu, is promulgated in Japan.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1350231931#Asia", "title": "689", "revid": 1350231931, "section": "Events › By place › Asia"}}, {"year": 697, "year_label": "697 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": null, "text": "A festival, for the opening of the eyes of Buddhist images, is held in Yakushi-ji Temple in Japan (approximate date).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1361010652#Religion", "title": "697", "revid": 1361010652, "section": "Events › By topic › Religion"}}, {"year": 698, "year_label": "698 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": null, "text": "The festival of first-fruits (Daijo-sai) is held in Japan.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340806584#Asia", "title": "698", "revid": 1340806584, "section": "Events › By place › Asia"}}, {"year": 701, "year_label": "701 CE", "section": "Births", "date": "September 22", "text": "September 22 – Shōmu, emperor of Japan (d. 756)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340806807#Births", "title": "701", "revid": 1340806807, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 703, "year_label": "703 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "January 13", "text": "January 13 – Jitō, empress of Japan (b. 645)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340807078#Deaths", "title": "703", "revid": 1340807078, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 707, "year_label": "707 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "July 18", "text": "July 18 – Emperor Monmu dies after a 10-year reign. He is succeeded by his aunt Genmei, who becomes the 43rd empress of Japan. She is the sister of former empress Jitō, and the niece and wife of late emperor Tenmu.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340807099#Asia", "title": "AD 707", "revid": 1340807099, "section": "Events › By place › Asia"}}, {"year": 708, "year_label": "708 CE", "section": "Technology & Infrastructure", "date": "August 29", "text": "August 29 – Copper coins are minted in Japan for the first time (Traditional Japanese date: August 10, 708).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340807106#Asia", "title": "708", "revid": 1340807106, "section": "Events › By place › Asia"}}, {"year": 709, "year_label": "709 CE", "section": "Births", "date": "November 18", "text": "November 18 – Kōnin, emperor of Japan (d. 782)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340807109#Births", "title": "709", "revid": 1340807109, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 710, "year_label": "710 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "The Asuka period, the second and last part of the Yamato period, ends, and the Nara period begins; Heijō-kyō (Nara) becomes the capital of Japan.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340807117#Asia", "title": "710", "revid": 1340807117, "section": "Events › By place › Asia"}}, {"year": 711, "year_label": "711 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "Reconstruction of the Hōryū-ji Temple in Japan is completed (approximate date).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1358403455#Religion", "title": "AD 711", "revid": 1358403455, "section": "Events › By topic › Religion"}}, {"year": 712, "year_label": "712 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": null, "text": "The Kojiki (Record of Ancient Times), a history of Japan, is completed.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1357552155#Literature", "title": "712", "revid": 1357552155, "section": "Events › By topic › Literature"}}, {"year": 715, "year_label": "715 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": null, "text": "Empress Genmei abdicates the throne after an 8-year reign, in which she has built a replica of the Chinese imperial palace at Japan's new capital, Nara. Genmei is succeeded by her daughter Genshō.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367661130#Japan", "title": "715", "revid": 1367661130, "section": "Events › By place › Japan"}}, {"year": 717, "year_label": "717 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": null, "text": "Hoshi Ryokan, the world's second-longest surviving hotel, is established in Japan (approximate date).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340808622#Asia", "title": "717", "revid": 1340808622, "section": "Events › By place › Asia"}}, {"year": 720, "year_label": "720 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": null, "text": "The Nihon Shoki (日本書紀), one of the oldest history books in Japan, is completed under the editorial supervision of Prince Toneri, and with the assistance of Ō no Yasumaro.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1349994139#Literature", "title": "720", "revid": 1349994139, "section": "Events › By topic › Literature"}}, {"year": 721, "year_label": "721 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "December 29", "text": "December 29 – Genmei, empress of Japan (b. 660)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340808636#Deaths", "title": "721", "revid": 1340808636, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 726, "year_label": "726 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": null, "text": "The first annual Sumo tournament in Japan is held by Emperor Shōmu (approximate date).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340808661#Asia", "title": "726", "revid": 1340808661, "section": "Events › By place › Asia"}}, {"year": 729, "year_label": "729 CE", "section": "Health & Medicine", "date": null, "text": "Chinese eating sticks are introduced in the next 20 years in Japan, where people heretofore have used one-piece pincers. The Japanese call them hashi.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340808680#Food_and_drink", "title": "729", "revid": 1340808680, "section": "Events › By topic › Food and drink"}}, {"year": 733, "year_label": "733 CE", "section": "Births", "date": null, "text": "Junnin, emperor of Japan (d. 765)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340809659#Births", "title": "733", "revid": 1340809659, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 735, "year_label": "735 CE", "section": "Health & Medicine", "date": null, "text": "A major smallpox epidemic starts in Japan, which reduces the population by 30%.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340809672#Asia", "title": "735", "revid": 1340809672, "section": "Events › By place › Asia"}}, {"year": 736, "year_label": "736 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "Rōben, scholar-Buddhist monk, invites Shinshō to give lectures on the Avatamsaka Sutra at Kinshōsen-ji (later Tōdai-ji); this event is considered to be the roots of the Kegon school of Buddhism founded in Japan.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340809679#Asia", "title": "736", "revid": 1340809679, "section": "Events › By place › Asia"}}, {"year": 740, "year_label": "740 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Fujiwara no Hirotsugu Rebellion: The Fujiwara clan led by Fujiwara no Hirotsugu, dissatisfied with the political powers in Japan, raise an army in Dazaifa (Kyushu) but are defeated by government forces.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1352534655#Asia", "title": "740", "revid": 1352534655, "section": "Events › By place › Asia"}}, {"year": 741, "year_label": "741 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "Japanese authorities decree that Buddhist temples should be established throughout the country (approximate date).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1322653390#Religion", "title": "741", "revid": 1322653390, "section": "Events › By topic › Religion"}}, {"year": 746, "year_label": "746 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "The Hida-Kokubunji Temple in Japan is built to pray for peace and prosperity (approximate date).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340809747#Asia", "title": "746", "revid": 1340809747, "section": "Events › By place › Asia"}}, {"year": 747, "year_label": "747 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "Empress Kōmyō founds the Shin-Yakushi-ji Buddhist temple in Nara (Japan).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364468436#Asia", "title": "AD 747", "revid": 1364468436, "section": "Events › By place › Asia"}}, {"year": 748, "year_label": "748 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "May 22", "text": "May 22 – Genshō, empress of Japan (b. 683)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340809772#Deaths", "title": "748", "revid": 1340809772, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 751, "year_label": "751 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": null, "text": "The Great Buddha at Tōdai-ji in Nara (Japan) is completed.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340809785#Religion", "title": "751", "revid": 1340809785, "section": "Events › By topic › Religion"}}, {"year": 752, "year_label": "752 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "Emperor Shōmu (retired since 749) takes part in the dedication ceremony of the Great Buddha, (15 metres) at Tōdai-ji in Nara (Japan), and declares himself a Buddhist.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340809787#Religion", "title": "752", "revid": 1340809787, "section": "Events › By topic › Religion"}}, {"year": 755, "year_label": "755 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": null, "text": "Empress Kōken introduces the Tanabata festival to Japan.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340847491#Asia", "title": "755", "revid": 1340847491, "section": "Events › By place › Asia"}}, {"year": 756, "year_label": "756 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "June 4", "text": "June 4 – Shōmu, emperor of Japan (b. 701)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366654675#Deaths", "title": "756", "revid": 1366654675, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 758, "year_label": "758 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": null, "text": "Empress Kōken abdicates the throne, after a 9-year reign. She is succeeded by her adopted son Junnin, grandson of the late emperor Tenmu. He becomes the 47th emperor (tennō) of Japan.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366654492#Asia", "title": "758", "revid": 1366654492, "section": "Events › By place › Asia"}}, {"year": 759, "year_label": "759 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "The Tōshōdai-ji Buddhist Temple is founded in Nara, Japan.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340847712#Religion", "title": "759", "revid": 1340847712, "section": "Events › By topic › Religion"}}, {"year": 760, "year_label": "760 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Kōmyō, empress of Japan (b. 701)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1358120145#Deaths", "title": "760", "revid": 1358120145, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 764, "year_label": "764 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "October 14", "text": "October 14–21 – Fujiwara no Nakamaro Rebellion: A short-lived revolt led by Fujiwara no Nakamaro is suppressed. Emperor Junnin is deposed after a 6-year reign, and forced into exile. Former empress Kōken reassumes the imperial throne of Japan, and takes the name Shōtoku. She appoints her close associate, the priest Dōkyō, prime minister (taishi), running the government with him. Nakamaro is captured and killed with his wife and children.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340847738#Asia", "title": "764", "revid": 1340847738, "section": "Events › By place › Asia"}}, {"year": 765, "year_label": "765 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Junnin, emperor of Japan (b. 733)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340847741#Deaths", "title": "765", "revid": 1340847741, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 768, "year_label": "768 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "The Kasuga Shrine is erected at Nara (Japan), by the Fujiwara family. The interior is famous for its many bronze lanterns, as well as the stone lanterns that lead up to the Shinto shrine", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1267068964#Asia", "title": "768", "revid": 1267068964, "section": "Events › By place › Asia"}}, {"year": 770, "year_label": "770 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "August 28", "text": "August 28 – Kōken, empress of Japan (b. 718)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340847752#Deaths", "title": "770", "revid": 1340847752, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 770, "year_label": "770 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "August 28", "text": "August 28 – Empress Kōken (also Shōtoku) of Japan dies.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340847752#Asia", "title": "770", "revid": 1340847752, "section": "Events › By place › Asia"}}, {"year": 773, "year_label": "773 CE", "section": "Births", "date": null, "text": "Heizei, emperor of Japan (d. 824)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369635460#Births", "title": "773", "revid": 1369635460, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 778, "year_label": "778 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "In Japan, the Kiyomizu-dera Buddhist temple is founded in Kyoto. Its main hall (Hondo) is built in 1633 without a single nail.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1267081416#Religion", "title": "778", "revid": 1267081416, "section": "Events › By topic › Religion"}}, {"year": 781, "year_label": "781 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "April 30", "text": "April 30 – Emperor Kōnin of Japan abdicates the throne after an 11-year reign, in favour of his half-Korean son, Kanmu.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340848254#Asia", "title": "781", "revid": 1340848254, "section": "Events › By place › Asia"}}, {"year": 782, "year_label": "782 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "January 11", "text": "January 11 – Kōnin, emperor of Japan (b. 709)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1267081621#Deaths", "title": "782", "revid": 1267081621, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 784, "year_label": "784 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "The Japanese begin a war against the Ainu, in the north, on the main island of Honshu. Emperor Kanmu wishes to be free from the influence of the Buddhist monasteries around Nara (then called Heijō), and moves the capital to Nagaoka, ending the Nara period.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340848263#Asia", "title": "784", "revid": 1340848263, "section": "Events › By place › Asia"}}, {"year": 785, "year_label": "785 CE", "section": "Births", "date": null, "text": "Junna, emperor of Japan (approximate date)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1351342449#Births", "title": "785", "revid": 1351342449, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 788, "year_label": "788 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "The Enryaku-ji temple complex is founded by Saichō, a Buddhist monk, on Mount Hiei in Ōtsu (Japan).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364753395#Religion", "title": "788", "revid": 1364753395, "section": "Events › By topic › Religion"}}, {"year": 789, "year_label": "789 CE", "section": "Climate & Environment", "date": null, "text": "An uprising in Japan leads to a major defeat for Emperor Kanmu, along with a severe drought and famine; the streets of the capital Nagaoka-kyō are clogged with the sick.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340848283#Asia", "title": "789", "revid": 1340848283, "section": "Events › By place › Asia"}}, {"year": 796, "year_label": "796 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "Tō-ji, a Buddhist temple of the Shingon sect, is established in Kyoto, Japan.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364907018#Religion", "title": "796", "revid": 1364907018, "section": "Events › By topic › Religion"}}, {"year": 805, "year_label": "805 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "Priest Saichō, patriarch of Tendai Buddhism, visits China and introduces tea to Japan on his return (or 804).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1361734873#Asia", "title": "805", "revid": 1361734873, "section": "Events › By place › Asia"}}, {"year": 806, "year_label": "806 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "February 5", "text": "February 5 – Kanmu, emperor of Japan (b. 737)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1292643508#Deaths", "title": "806", "revid": 1292643508, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 806, "year_label": "806 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "February 5", "text": "February 5 – Emperor Kanmu dies after a 25-year reign, that has seen Korean culture and technology introduced to Japan. He is succeeded by his son Heizei, as the 51st emperor of Japan.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1292643508#Asia", "title": "806", "revid": 1292643508, "section": "Events › By place › Asia"}}, {"year": 807, "year_label": "807 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "The Temple of Motoyama-ji in Mitoyo (Japan), of the Kōyasan Shingon-shū sect, is constructed by the orders of Emperor Heizei.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1342124762#Religion", "title": "807", "revid": 1342124762, "section": "Events › By topic › Religion"}}, {"year": 808, "year_label": "808 CE", "section": "Births", "date": "September 27", "text": "September 27 – Ninmyō, emperor of Japan (d. 850)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340848803#Births", "title": "AD 808", "revid": 1340848803, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 810, "year_label": "810 CE", "section": "Births", "date": null, "text": "Seishi, empress of Japan (d. 879)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340848812#Births", "title": "810", "revid": 1340848812, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 815, "year_label": "815 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": null, "text": "Emperor Saga of Japan is the first sovereign to drink tea (according to legend), imported from China by monks. The upper classes adopt this beverage for medicinal use.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1348647036#Asia", "title": "815", "revid": 1348647036, "section": "Events › By place › Asia"}}, {"year": 824, "year_label": "824 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "August 5", "text": "August 5 – Heizei, emperor of Japan (b. 773)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1361215157#Deaths", "title": "824", "revid": 1361215157, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 826, "year_label": "826 CE", "section": "Births", "date": "January 22", "text": "January 22 – Montuku, emperor of Japan (d. 858)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340941323#Births", "title": "826", "revid": 1340941323, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 830, "year_label": "830 CE", "section": "Births", "date": null, "text": "Kōkō, emperor of Japan (d. 887)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1359310799#Births", "title": "830", "revid": 1359310799, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 840, "year_label": "840 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "June 11", "text": "June 11 – Emperor Junna, ruler of Japan (b. 785)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367666598#Deaths", "title": "840", "revid": 1367666598, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 842, "year_label": "842 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "August 24", "text": "August 24 – Saga, emperor of Japan (b. 786)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1350256465#Deaths", "title": "842", "revid": 1350256465, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 864, "year_label": "864 CE", "section": "Climate & Environment", "date": null, "text": "Jōgan eruption (Japan): Mount Fuji, located on Honshu Island, erupts for 10 days.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365939843#Asia", "title": "864", "revid": 1365939843, "section": "Events › By place › Asia"}}, {"year": 866, "year_label": "866 CE", "section": "Births", "date": "June 10", "text": "June 10 – Uda, emperor of Japan (d. 931)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1341129580#Births", "title": "866", "revid": 1341129580, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 869, "year_label": "869 CE", "section": "Births", "date": "January 2", "text": "January 2 – Yōzei, emperor of Japan (d. 949)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369351830#Births", "title": "869", "revid": 1369351830, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 879, "year_label": "879 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "April 18", "text": "April 18 – Seishi, empress of Japan (b. 810)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1348046041#Deaths", "title": "879", "revid": 1348046041, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 885, "year_label": "885 CE", "section": "Births", "date": "February 6", "text": "February 6 – Daigo, emperor of Japan (d. 930)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366655145#Births", "title": "885", "revid": 1366655145, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 887, "year_label": "887 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "August 26", "text": "August 26 – Kōkō, emperor of Japan (b. 830)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370364971#Deaths", "title": "887", "revid": 1370364971, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 905, "year_label": "905 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "Emperor Daigo of Japan orders the selection of four court poets, led by Ki no Tsurayuki, to compile the Kokin Wakashū, an early anthology of Waka poetry.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1350019271#Asia", "title": "905", "revid": 1350019271, "section": "Events › By place › Asia"}}, {"year": 923, "year_label": "923 CE", "section": "Births", "date": "September 7", "text": "September 7 – Suzaku, emperor of Japan (d. 952)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1341509659#Births", "title": "923", "revid": 1341509659, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 926, "year_label": "926 CE", "section": "Births", "date": "July 14", "text": "July 14 – Murakami, emperor of Japan (d. 967)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1341509745#Births", "title": "926", "revid": 1341509745, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 927, "year_label": "927 CE", "section": "Births", "date": null, "text": "Fujiwara no Anshi, empress consort of Japan (d. 964)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1341517107#Births", "title": "927", "revid": 1341517107, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 940, "year_label": "940 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "Narita-san (\"New victory temple\"), a Shingon Buddhist temple, is founded in Chiba (Japan).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1341512049#Religion", "title": "940", "revid": 1341512049, "section": "Events › By topic › Religion"}}, {"year": 941, "year_label": "941 CE", "section": "Technology & Infrastructure", "date": null, "text": "Kaminarimon, the eight-pillared gate to the Sensō-ji Buddhist temple in Tokyo, Japan, is erected.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1341512041#Religion", "title": "941", "revid": 1341512041, "section": "Events › By topic › Religion"}}, {"year": 949, "year_label": "949 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "September 14", "text": "September 14 – Fujiwara no Tadahira, a politician and chancellor (kampaku), dies at his native Kyoto. Having governed Japan as regent under Emperor Suzaku since 930. The Fujiwara clan will continue to hold the regency until 1180, controlling the imperial government.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365592042#Japan", "title": "949", "revid": 1365592042, "section": "Events › By place › Japan"}}, {"year": 952, "year_label": "952 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "September 6", "text": "September 6 – Suzaku, emperor of Japan (b. 923)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1341512696#Deaths", "title": "952", "revid": 1341512696, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 954, "year_label": "954 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Fujiwara no Onshi, empress of Japan (b. 885)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360671354#Deaths", "title": "954", "revid": 1360671354, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 959, "year_label": "959 CE", "section": "Births", "date": "April 12", "text": "April 12 – En'yū, emperor of Japan (d. 991)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1341512808#Births", "title": "959", "revid": 1341512808, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 964, "year_label": "964 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Fujiwara no Anshi, empress consort of Japan (b. 927)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1353633013#Deaths", "title": "964", "revid": 1353633013, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 967, "year_label": "967 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "July 5", "text": "July 5 – Murakami, emperor of Japan (b. 926)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364919490#Deaths", "title": "967", "revid": 1364919490, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 967, "year_label": "967 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "July 5", "text": "July 5 – Emperor Murakami dies after a 21-year reign. He is succeeded by his 17-year-old son Reizei, who is insane and becomes the 63rd emperor of Japan.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364919490#Japan", "title": "967", "revid": 1364919490, "section": "Events › By place › Japan"}}, {"year": 968, "year_label": "968 CE", "section": "Births", "date": "November 29", "text": "November 29 – Kazan, emperor of Japan (d. 1008)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364919231#Births", "title": "968", "revid": 1364919231, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 969, "year_label": "969 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "September 27", "text": "September 27 – Emperor Reizei abdicates the throne of Japan (due to a mental illness) after a 2-year reign. He is succeeded by his 10-year-old brother En'yū, who becomes the 64th emperor.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365590679#Asia", "title": "969", "revid": 1365590679, "section": "Events › By place › Asia"}}, {"year": 970, "year_label": "970 CE", "section": "Climate & Environment", "date": null, "text": "A major volcano erupts in Lake Mashū, Japan (approximate date).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365261460#Asia", "title": "970", "revid": 1365261460, "section": "Events › By place › Asia"}}, {"year": 976, "year_label": "976 CE", "section": "Births", "date": "February 5", "text": "February 5 – Sanjō, emperor of Japan (d. 1017)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364468275#Births", "title": "976", "revid": 1364468275, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 986, "year_label": "986 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": null, "text": "Emperor Kazan abdicates the throne after a political struggle from the Fujiwara family. He is succeeded by his 6-year-old cousin Ichijō as the 66th emperor (tennō) of Japan.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365272436#Asia", "title": "986", "revid": 1365272436, "section": "Events › By place › Asia"}}, {"year": 991, "year_label": "991 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "March 1", "text": "March 1 – En'yū, emperor of Japan (b. 959)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365261005#Deaths", "title": "991", "revid": 1365261005, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 1001, "year_label": "1001 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "January 13", "text": "January 13 – Fujiwara no Teishi, empress of Japan (b. 977)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1341910152#Deaths", "title": "1001", "revid": 1341910152, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 1005, "year_label": "1005 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "The Shūi Wakashū (\"Collection of Gleanings\"), an anthology of waka (poetry), is compiled by ex-Emperor Kazan of Japan (approximate date).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1341910116#Arts_and_literature", "title": "1005", "revid": 1341910116, "section": "Events › By topic › Arts and literature"}}, {"year": 1006, "year_label": "1006 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "April 30", "text": "April 30 – The brightest supernova ever recorded, SN 1006, occurs in the constellation of Lupus. It is observed and described in China, Japan, Iraq, Egypt, and Europe and possibly depicted in North American rock art. Modern astronomers now consider its distance at about 7,200 light-years. The supernova provides enough light to read by on a night with a dark moon.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1344800605#Astronomy", "title": "1006", "revid": 1344800605, "section": "Events › By topic › Astronomy"}}, {"year": 1008, "year_label": "1008 CE", "section": "Births", "date": "October 12", "text": "October 12 – Atsuhira, future Emperor Go-Ichijō of Japan (d. 1036)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1341910052#Births", "title": "1008", "revid": 1341910052, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 1009, "year_label": "1009 CE", "section": "Births", "date": "December 14", "text": "December 14 – Atsunaga, future Emperor Go-Suzaku of Japan (d. 1045)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1341910037#Births", "title": "1009", "revid": 1341910037, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 1011, "year_label": "1011 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Emperor Ichijō abdicates the throne and dies later after a 25-year reign. He is succeeded by his cousin Sanjō as the 67th emperor of Japan.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368048875#Asia", "title": "1011", "revid": 1368048875, "section": "Events › By place › Asia"}}, {"year": 1011, "year_label": "1011 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "July 25", "text": "July 25 – Ichijō, emperor of Japan (b. 980)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368048875#Deaths", "title": "1011", "revid": 1368048875, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 1036, "year_label": "1036 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "May 15", "text": "May 15 – Emperor Go-Ichijō dies at the age of 27 after a 20-year reign. He is succeeded by his brother Go-Suzaku as the 69th emperor of Japan.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1342215297#Japan", "title": "1036", "revid": 1342215297, "section": "Events › By place › Japan"}}, {"year": 1036, "year_label": "1036 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "May 15", "text": "May 15 – Go-Ichijō, emperor of Japan (b. 1008)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1342215297#Deaths", "title": "1036", "revid": 1342215297, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 1039, "year_label": "1039 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "September 19", "text": "September 19 – Fujiwara no Genshi, empress of Japan (b. 1016)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1344928541#Deaths", "title": "1039", "revid": 1344928541, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 1045, "year_label": "1045 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "February 5", "text": "February 5 – Emperor Go-Reizei ascends the throne of Japan.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368801306#Events", "title": "1045", "revid": 1368801306, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1053, "year_label": "1053 CE", "section": "Births", "date": "July 7", "text": "July 7 – Shirakawa, emperor of Japan (d. 1129)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1350130055#Births", "title": "1053", "revid": 1350130055, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 1068, "year_label": "1068 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "May 22", "text": "May 22 – Go-Reizei, emperor of Japan (b. 1025)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372127712#Deaths", "title": "1068", "revid": 1372127712, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 1074, "year_label": "1074 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "October 25", "text": "October 25 – Shōshi, empress of Japan (b. 988)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1339713038#Deaths", "title": "1074", "revid": 1339713038, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 1079, "year_label": "1079 CE", "section": "Births", "date": "August 8", "text": "August 8 – Horikawa, emperor of Japan (d. 1107)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1267068328#Births", "title": "1079", "revid": 1267068328, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 1103, "year_label": "1103 CE", "section": "Births", "date": "February 24", "text": "February 24 – Toba, emperor of Japan (d. 1156)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365265973#Births", "title": "1103", "revid": 1365265973, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 1107, "year_label": "1107 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "August 9", "text": "August 9 – Emperor Horikawa dies after a 20-year reign and is succeeded by his 4-year-old son Toba as emperor of Japan.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365266728#Asia", "title": "1107", "revid": 1365266728, "section": "Events › By place › Asia"}}, {"year": 1107, "year_label": "1107 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "August 9", "text": "August 9 – Horikawa, emperor of Japan (b. 1079)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365266728#Deaths", "title": "1107", "revid": 1365266728, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 1117, "year_label": "1117 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "The sōhei or warrior monks of Mii-dera and Enryaku-ji unite their forces to attack Nara in Japan.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1361694426#Asia", "title": "1117", "revid": 1361694426, "section": "Events › By place › Asia"}}, {"year": 1118, "year_label": "1118 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": null, "text": "The Genei era begins in Japan.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365269195#East_Asia", "title": "1118", "revid": 1365269195, "section": "Events › By place › East Asia"}}, {"year": 1123, "year_label": "1123 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "February 25", "text": "February 25 – Japan's Emperor Toba abdicates in favor of his 3-year-old son Sutoku after a 16-year reign. The retired Emperor Shirakawa rules as regent during Toba's minority.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366532227#January–March", "title": "1123", "revid": 1366532227, "section": "Events › By date › January–March"}}, {"year": 1129, "year_label": "1129 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "July 24", "text": "July 24 – Shirakawa, emperor of Japan (b. 1053)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1329978071#Deaths", "title": "1129", "revid": 1329978071, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 1143, "year_label": "1143 CE", "section": "Births", "date": "July 31", "text": "July 31 – Nijō, emperor of Japan (d. 1165)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1337864253#Births", "title": "1143", "revid": 1337864253, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 1153, "year_label": "1153 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "February 10", "text": "February 10 – Taira no Tadamori dies after a career in which he has used his military and diplomatic skills to subdue the pirates menacing commerce in the Seto Inland Sea. He expands trade with China and becomes the first samurai to serve Emperor Konoe as personal bodyguard. He is succeeded by his son Taira no Kiyomori, who assumes control of the Taira Clan. He establishes the first samurai-dominated government in Japan.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369184506#Asia", "title": "1153", "revid": 1369184506, "section": "Events › By place › Asia"}}, {"year": 1155, "year_label": "1155 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "August 22", "text": "August 22 – The 16-year-old Emperor Konoe dies after a 14-year reign. He is succeeded by his brother Go-Shirakawa as the 77th emperor of Japan.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1359485841#Asia", "title": "1155", "revid": 1359485841, "section": "Events › By place › Asia"}}, {"year": 1155, "year_label": "1155 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "August 22", "text": "August 22 – Konoe, emperor of Japan (b. 1139)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1359485841#Deaths", "title": "1155", "revid": 1359485841, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 1156, "year_label": "1156 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "July 28", "text": "July 28 – The Hōgen rebellion, a dispute between Emperor Go-Shirakawa and his half-brother retired-Emperor Sutoku, erupts in Japan.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362168074#Asia", "title": "1156", "revid": 1362168074, "section": "Events › By place › Asia"}}, {"year": 1158, "year_label": "1158 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "September 5", "text": "September 5 – Emperor Go-Shirakawa of Japan abdicates the throne after a 3-year reign. He is succeeded by his 15-year-old son Nijō as the 77th emperor. Go-Shirakawa retains power, and gives Kiyomori Taira a higher position to lead a samurai-dominated government.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1301998061#Asia", "title": "1158", "revid": 1301998061, "section": "Events › By place › Asia"}}, {"year": 1161, "year_label": "1161 CE", "section": "Births", "date": "September 20", "text": "September 20 – Takakura, emperor of Japan (d. 1181)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1300116018#Births", "title": "1161", "revid": 1300116018, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 1164, "year_label": "1164 CE", "section": "Births", "date": "December 28", "text": "December 28 – Emperor Rokujō of Japan (d. 1176)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362164526#Births", "title": "1164", "revid": 1362164526, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 1167, "year_label": "1167 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": null, "text": "Taira no Kiyomori becomes the first samurai to be appointed Daijo Daijin, chief minister of the government of Japan.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1361983030#Asia", "title": "1167", "revid": 1361983030, "section": "Events › By place › Asia"}}, {"year": 1168, "year_label": "1168 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "April 9", "text": "April 9 – Emperor Rokujō of Japan is deposed by his grandfather, retired-Emperor Go-Shirakawa, after an 8-month reign. He is succeeded by his 6-year-old uncle, Takakura, as the 80th emperor.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362165077#Asia", "title": "1168", "revid": 1362165077, "section": "Events › By place › Asia"}}, {"year": 1176, "year_label": "1176 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "August 23", "text": "August 23 – Rokujō, emperor of Japan (b. 1164)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366532887#Deaths", "title": "1176", "revid": 1366532887, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 1177, "year_label": "1177 CE", "section": "Disasters & Accidents", "date": null, "text": "During the third year of the Angen era in Japan, a fire devastates Kyoto.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1273054652#Date_unknown", "title": "1177", "revid": 1273054652, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1178, "year_label": "1178 CE", "section": "Births", "date": "December 22", "text": "December 22 – Antoku, emperor of Japan (d. 1185)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362170417#Births", "title": "1178", "revid": 1362170417, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 1180, "year_label": "1180 CE", "section": "Births", "date": "August 6", "text": "August 6 – Go-Toba, emperor of Japan (d. 1239)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368649234#Births", "title": "1180", "revid": 1368649234, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 1181, "year_label": "1181 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "January 30", "text": "January 30 – Takakura, emperor of Japan (b. 1161)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360570363#Deaths", "title": "1181", "revid": 1360570363, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 1181, "year_label": "1181 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "March 20", "text": "March 20 – Taira no Kiyomori, Japanese military leader and dictator, dies at Kyoto. He established the first samurai-dominated administrative government in Japan.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360570363#Asia", "title": "1181", "revid": 1360570363, "section": "Events › Europe › Asia"}}, {"year": 1182, "year_label": "1182 CE", "section": "Climate & Environment", "date": "May", "text": "May – The Yōwa era, marked by famine, ends during the reign of Emperor Antoku in Japan.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362172586#Asia", "title": "1182", "revid": 1362172586, "section": "Events › By place › Asia"}}, {"year": 1183, "year_label": "1183 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": null, "text": "Three-year-old Emperor Go-Toba ascends to the throne of Japan, after the forced abdication of his brother Emperor Antoku, during the Genpei War.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360552635#Japan", "title": "1183", "revid": 1360552635, "section": "Events › By area › Asia › Japan"}}, {"year": 1184, "year_label": "1184 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "February 19", "text": "February 19 – Second Battle of Uji: Japanese forces under Minamoto no Yoshinaka are defeated by his cousins, Minamoto no Yoshitsune and Minamoto no Yoritomo, for the control of Japan.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362173180#Asia", "title": "1184", "revid": 1362173180, "section": "Events › By place › Asia"}}, {"year": 1185, "year_label": "1185 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "December", "text": "December – Retired Emperor Go-Shirakawa grants Minamoto no Yoritomo the authority to form the first bakufu (shogunate) in Japan, ending the Genpei War.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362484284#Asia", "title": "1185", "revid": 1362484284, "section": "Events › By place › Asia"}}, {"year": 1186, "year_label": "1186 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "June 1", "text": "June 1 – Minamoto no Yukiie, Japanese warlord", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1344182420#Deaths", "title": "1186", "revid": 1344182420, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 1196, "year_label": "1196 CE", "section": "Births", "date": "January 3", "text": "January 3 – Tsuchimikado, emperor of Japan (d. 1231)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362484493#Births", "title": "1196", "revid": 1362484493, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 1197, "year_label": "1197 CE", "section": "Births", "date": "October 22", "text": "October 22 – Juntoku, emperor of Japan (d. 1242)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371224721#Births", "title": "1197", "revid": 1371224721, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 1207, "year_label": "1207 CE", "section": "Crime & Justice", "date": null, "text": "Hōnen and his followers of the Pure Land sect are persecuted and exiled to remote parts of Japan, while a few are executed, for what the government considers heretical Buddhist teachings.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1348494398#Asia", "title": "1207", "revid": 1348494398, "section": "Events › By place › Asia"}}, {"year": 1221, "year_label": "1221 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "May 13", "text": "May 13 – Emperor Juntoku is forced to abdicate, and is briefly succeeded by his 2-year-old son Chūkyō on the throne of Japan. Ex-Emperor Go-Toba leads the unsuccessful Jōkyū War against the Kamakura shogunate.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1363300593#Asia", "title": "1221", "revid": 1363300593, "section": "Events › By place › Asia"}}, {"year": 1227, "year_label": "1227 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "Dōgen Zenji receives Dharma transmission and inka from his master Rujing in China, settling his \"life's quest of the great matter\", going on to introduce Sōtō Zen Buddhism into his native Japan.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367488499#Religion", "title": "1227", "revid": 1367488499, "section": "Events › By topic › Religion"}}, {"year": 1231, "year_label": "1231 CE", "section": "Births", "date": "March 17", "text": "March 17 – Shijō (Mitsuhito), emperor of Japan (d. 1242)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367488978#Births", "title": "1231", "revid": 1367488978, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 1234, "year_label": "1234 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "June 18", "text": "June 18 – Chūkyō, emperor (tennō) of Japan (b. 1218)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364989988#Deaths", "title": "1234", "revid": 1364989988, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 1239, "year_label": "1239 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "March 28", "text": "March 28 – Go-Toba (Toba II), emperor of Japan (b. 1180)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368650554#Deaths", "title": "1239", "revid": 1368650554, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 1241, "year_label": "1241 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "Emperor Lizong of Song China accepts the Neo-Confucian teachings of the late Zhu Xi, including his commentary on the Four Books. This will have an impact upon the philosophical schools of surrounding countries as well, including Korea, Japan, and Vietnam.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362486166#Events", "title": "1241", "revid": 1362486166, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1243, "year_label": "1243 CE", "section": "Births", "date": "June 28", "text": "June 28 – Go-Fukakusa, emperor of Japan (d. 1304)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367489265#Births", "title": "1243", "revid": 1367489265, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 1249, "year_label": "1249 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": null, "text": "The Hikitsuke, a judicial organ of the Kamakura and Ashikaga shogunates of Japan, is established.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362150898#Asia", "title": "1249", "revid": 1362150898, "section": "Events › By place › Asia"}}, {"year": 1249, "year_label": "1249 CE", "section": "Births", "date": "July 9", "text": "July 9 – Emperor Kameyama of Japan (d. 1305)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362150898#Births", "title": "1249", "revid": 1362150898, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 1272, "year_label": "1272 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "March 17", "text": "March 17 – Go-Saga, emperor of Japan (b. 1220)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362176275#Deaths", "title": "1272", "revid": 1362176275, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 1277, "year_label": "1277 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "In Japan, a 20 kilometer stone wall defending the coast of Hakata Bay at Fukuoka on the island of Kyushu is completed; it is built in response to the attempted Yuan dynasty Mongol invasion of Japan in 1274.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362646784#Asia", "title": "1277", "revid": 1362646784, "section": "Events › By place › Asia"}}, {"year": 1279, "year_label": "1279 CE", "section": "Crime & Justice", "date": null, "text": "A Mongol Yuan embassy, sent by Kublai Khan to Japan, is killed by orders from Hōjō Tokimune, leading to a second invasion.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362487704#Asia", "title": "1279", "revid": 1362487704, "section": "Events › By place › Asia"}}, {"year": 1288, "year_label": "1288 CE", "section": "Births", "date": "April 5", "text": "April 5 – Go-Fushimi, emperor (tenno) of Japan (d. 1336)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367964096#Births", "title": "1288", "revid": 1367964096, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 1291, "year_label": "1291 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "In Japan the temple of Nanzen-ji at Kyoto is established by Emperor Kameyama. This temple becomes one of the most important religious schools within the Rinzai sect of Zen Buddhism and includes multiple sub-temples.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1363454369#Asia", "title": "1291", "revid": 1363454369, "section": "Events › By place › Asia"}}, {"year": 1292, "year_label": "1292 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "October 20", "text": "October 20 – Saionji Kisshi (or Ōmiya-in), empress of Japan (b. 1225)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1358845029#Deaths", "title": "1292", "revid": 1358845029, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 1313, "year_label": "1313 CE", "section": "Births", "date": "August 1", "text": "August 1 – Kōgon, emperor of Japan (Northern Court) (d. 1364)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1361694602#Births", "title": "1313", "revid": 1361694602, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 1315, "year_label": "1315 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "August 11", "text": "August 11 (12th day of 7th month of 4 Shōwa) – Hōjō Mototoki becomes ruler (shogun) and regent (shikken) of the Kamakura shogunate in Japan upon the death of Hōjō Hirotoki.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1332018303#July_–_September", "title": "1315", "revid": 1332018303, "section": "Events › July – September"}}, {"year": 1324, "year_label": "1324 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "July 16", "text": "July 16 – Yohito, former emperor of Japan (b. 1267)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1303312513#Deaths", "title": "1324", "revid": 1303312513, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 1333, "year_label": "1333 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "July 7", "text": "July 7 – The reign of Emperor Kōgon of Japan, first of the Northern Court (Ashikaga) Pretenders, ends.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1351084838#January–December", "title": "1333", "revid": 1351084838, "section": "Events › January–December"}}, {"year": 1333, "year_label": "1333 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "May 18", "text": "May 18 – Siege of Kamakura in Japan: Forces loyal to Emperor Go-Daigo, led by Nitta Yoshisada, enter and destroy the city, breaking the power of the Hōjō clan over the Kamakura shogunate. The Kamakura period ends, and the Kenmu Restoration under Go-Daigo begins.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1351084838#January–December", "title": "1333", "revid": 1351084838, "section": "Events › January–December"}}, {"year": 1336, "year_label": "1336 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "February 25", "text": "February 25 – The Kenmu Restoration ends and the Muromachi period begins in Japan; start of the Nanboku-chō period.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367230650#Events", "title": "1336", "revid": 1367230650, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1339, "year_label": "1339 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "September 18", "text": "September 18 – Emperor Go-Murakami accedes to the throne of Japan.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362188629#January–December", "title": "1339", "revid": 1362188629, "section": "Events › January–December"}}, {"year": 1368, "year_label": "1368 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "March 29", "text": "March 29 – Emperor Chōkei accedes to the throne of Japan.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371792677#January–March", "title": "1368", "revid": 1371792677, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1368, "year_label": "1368 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "March 29", "text": "March 29 – Emperor Go-Murakami of Japan (b. 1328)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371792677#Deaths", "title": "1368", "revid": 1371792677, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 1371, "year_label": "1371 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "April 9", "text": "April 9 – Emperor Go-En'yu of Japan succeeds Emperor Go-Kōgon of the Northern Court of Japan.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370413855#April–June", "title": "1371", "revid": 1370413855, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1372, "year_label": "1372 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": null, "text": "The Kingdom of Chūzan, ruled by King Satto on the island of Okinawa, in Japan) enters tributary relations with Ming dynasty China by way of an envoy, Yang Zai, sent by the Emperor Zhu Yuanzhang.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370079239#Date_unknown", "title": "1372", "revid": 1370079239, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1375, "year_label": "1375 CE", "section": "Climate & Environment", "date": "June 26", "text": "June 26 – Shortly after an earthquake in Japan, the Southern Court, ruled by Emperor Chōkei, changes the name of the Bunchū era, and the Tenju era begins.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370334386#April–June", "title": "1375", "revid": 1370334386, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1381, "year_label": "1381 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "June 15", "text": "June 15 – (23rd day of 6th month of Kowa) – In Japan's Higo Province, Imagawa Sadayo and Imagawa Nakaaki capture Kikuchi Castle and Somedo Castle.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365430794#April–June", "title": "1381", "revid": 1365430794, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1383, "year_label": "1383 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "January 13", "text": "January 13 – At Heian-kyō (now Kyoto), Go-Komatsu is enthroned as the Emperor of the Northern Court of Japan, after having succeeded to the throne on the abdication of Emperor Go-En'yū on November 19.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360411139#January–March", "title": "1383", "revid": 1360411139, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1394, "year_label": "1394 CE", "section": "Health & Medicine", "date": "August 2", "text": "August 2 &ndash (5th day of the 7th month of Meitoku 5), the Meitoku Era in Japan is declared to be at an end because of the misfortune of a smallpox epidemic, and the Ōei era begins.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371593498#July–September", "title": "1394", "revid": 1371593498, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1394, "year_label": "1394 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "August 27", "text": "August 27 – Emperor Chōkei of Japan (b. 1343)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371593498#Deaths", "title": "1394", "revid": 1371593498, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 1398, "year_label": "1398 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Bunei succeeds his father, Satto, as King of Chūzan (modern-day central Okinawa, Japan).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370372737#Date_unknown", "title": "1398", "revid": 1370372737, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1398, "year_label": "1398 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "January 31", "text": "January 31 – Former Emperor Sukō of Japan (b. 1334)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370372737#Deaths", "title": "1398", "revid": 1370372737, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 1400, "year_label": "1400 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Hananchi succeeds Min as King of Hokuzan, in modern-day north Okinawa, Japan.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369029011#Date_unknown", "title": "1400", "revid": 1369029011, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1403, "year_label": "1403 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "probable – Ououso becomes King of Nanzan, in present-day south Okinawa, Japan.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371593649#Date_unknown", "title": "1403", "revid": 1371593649, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1412, "year_label": "1412 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "October 5", "text": "October 5 (29th day of 8th month Ōei 19) – Emperor Go-Komatsu abdicates, and Emperor Shoko accedes to the throne of Japan.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1357537157#October–December", "title": "1412", "revid": 1357537157, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1419, "year_label": "1419 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "June 20", "text": "June 20 – The Ōei Invasion of Tsushima Island, Japan on orders of King Sejong of Korea, begins as General Yi Jong-mu leads 227 ships and 17,285 soldiers to come ashore at Asō Bay.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1358545199#April–June", "title": "1419", "revid": 1358545199, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1420, "year_label": "1420 CE", "section": "Climate & Environment", "date": "August 31", "text": "August 31 – A 9.4 M S -strong earthquake shakes Chile's Atacama Region, causing tsunamis in Chile, as well as Hawaii and Japan.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365937924#July–September", "title": "1420", "revid": 1365937924, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1422, "year_label": "1422 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "March 11", "text": "March 11 – On Okinawa Island, now part of Japan, King Shō Hashi of Chūzan begins a war against the two other kingdoms on the island, Hokuzan and Nanzan and begins the unification of Okinawa.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1325155630#January–March", "title": "1422", "revid": 1325155630, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1423, "year_label": "1423 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "April 28", "text": "April 28 – Ashikaga Yoshimochi abdicates as shogun of Japan and is succeeded by his son, Ashikaga Yoshikazu.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365656788#April–June", "title": "1423", "revid": 1365656788, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1428, "year_label": "1428 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "September 7", "text": "September 7 – (29th day of the 7th month of Shōchō 1) Emperor Go-Hanazono, the 10-year old third cousin of the late Emperor Shoko accedes to the throne of Japan.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1359832254#July–September", "title": "1428", "revid": 1359832254, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1441, "year_label": "1441 CE", "section": "Crime & Justice", "date": "July 12", "text": "July 12 ((Kakitsu 1, 24th day of the 6th month) – In Japan, the Shōgun Ashikaga Yoshinori is murdered by Akamatsu Mitsusuke, who is upset that Ashikaga has made Akamatsu Sadaura leader of the Akamatsu clan. Over the next 16 days, several prominent nobles allied with Ashikaga are killed during the fighting including Kyōgoku Takakazu, the Shugo of Yamashiro Province and Ōuchi Mochiyo (1394–1441), the head of the Ōuchi clan. After the fighting ceases, Yoshinori's 8-year-old son, Ashikaga Yoshikatsu, is proclaimed as the new shōgun.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1361382363#July–September", "title": "1441", "revid": 1361382363, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1447, "year_label": "1447 CE", "section": "Crime & Justice", "date": null, "text": "Iizasa Ienao founds Tenshin Shōden Katori Shintō-ryū, the earliest historically verifiable Japanese koryū martial art, that will still be extant in modern times.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1359486325#Date_unknown", "title": "1447", "revid": 1359486325, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1461, "year_label": "1461 CE", "section": "Climate & Environment", "date": "January 22", "text": "January 22 – In Japan, where the Kansho famine has led to thousands of people starving to death, the shogun Ashikaga Yoshimasa orders relief efforts to be coordinated by Ganami, a Buddhist monk who leads the Kōfuku-ji temple.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365256665#January–March", "title": "1461", "revid": 1365256665, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1490, "year_label": "1490 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "July 22", "text": "July 22 – (5th day of 7th month of Entoku 2) At Heian-kyō, in Japan, now Kyoto, Ashikaga Yoshitane becomes the 10th Muromachi shōgun of Japan, more than a year after the death of his cousin, Ashikaga Yoshihisa.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365746432#July–September", "title": "1490", "revid": 1365746432, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1511, "year_label": "1511 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "September 13", "text": "September 13 – In Japan, Tokudaiji Saneatsu retires from his position as Chancellor of the Realm (Daijō-daijin) after two years of leading the Council of State.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367291242#July–September", "title": "1511", "revid": 1367291242, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1528, "year_label": "1528 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "September 3", "text": "September 3 – The Kyōroku era begins in Japan, with the last day of the Daiei era ending on Daiei 8, 20th day of the 8th month.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369577446#July–September", "title": "1528", "revid": 1369577446, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1540, "year_label": "1540 CE", "section": "Health & Medicine", "date": null, "text": "approximate date – The musket is introduced into Japan from Europe.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366494590#Date_unknown", "title": "1540", "revid": 1366494590, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1542, "year_label": "1542 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": null, "text": "The first contact of Japan with the West occurs when a Portuguese ship, blown off its course to China, lands Antonio Pexoto, Francisco Zeimoto and António Mota in Japan, according to António Galvão. According to the Japanese books Tanegashima Kafu and Teppoki, it is stated they landed in 1543.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1359947406#Date_unknown", "title": "1542", "revid": 1359947406, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1542, "year_label": "1542 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "July 23", "text": "July 23 – (10th day of 6th month of Tenbun 11) In Japan, a six-year rebellion within the Date clan when clan leader Date Tanemune, returning home from a day of falconry, is attacked by his oldest son, Date Harumune, and imprisoned at Kōri-Nishiyama Castle in Fukushima Prefecture. Tanemune is rescued by an aide, Koyanagigawa Munetomo, and escapes. The war lasts for six years before Harumune triumphs and becomes the new leader of the Date clan.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1359947406#July–September", "title": "1542", "revid": 1359947406, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1546, "year_label": "1546 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "May 19", "text": "May 19 – The Siege of Kawagoe Castle ends in defeat for the Uesugi clan, in their attempt to regain Kawagoe Castle from the Late Hōjō clan in Japan.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368296265#April–June", "title": "1546", "revid": 1368296265, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1548, "year_label": "1548 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "February 14", "text": "February 14 – (Tenbun 18, 4th day of 1st month) At the Battle of Uedahara, firearms are used for the first time on the battlefield in Japan, and Takeda Shingen is defeated by Murakami Yoshikiyo.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366656469#January–March", "title": "1548", "revid": 1366656469, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1549, "year_label": "1549 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "April 15", "text": "April 15 – Spanish Jesuit missionary Francis Xavier departs from Goa on a mission to bring Christian ministry to Japan.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362482759#April–June", "title": "1549", "revid": 1362482759, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1549, "year_label": "1549 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "July 27", "text": "July 27 – (Tenbun 18, 3rd day of the 7th month) European Jesuit Francis Xavier arrives in Japan at the port of Kagoshima, the first Christian missionary there, but is not allowed to go to shore until three weeks later.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362482759#July–September", "title": "1549", "revid": 1362482759, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1556, "year_label": "1556 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "May 28", "text": "May 28 (20th day of 4th month of Kōji 2) – In Japan, the Battle of Nagara-gawa takes place along the Nagara River in Mino Province near what is now the Gifu Prefecture. Saitō Yoshitatsu, with 17,500 troops, overwhelms and kills his father, Saitō Dōsan, who had attempted to avenge the Saitō family honor with less than 3,000 people.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1320371006#April–June", "title": "1556", "revid": 1320371006, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1564, "year_label": "1564 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "September 10", "text": "September 10 – Battle of Kawanakajima in Japan: Takeda Shingen fights the forces of Uesugi Kenshin for the final time, to a draw.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1363117508#July–September", "title": "1564", "revid": 1363117508, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1571, "year_label": "1571 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "September 30", "text": "September 30 (12th day of 9th month of Genki) – In Japan, the Siege of Mount Hiei is carried out by Oda Nobunaga at Ōmi Province (now the Shiga Prefecture). After Nobunaga's 30,000 troops overwhelm the monks of the 4,000 warriors of the Sōhei, Nobunaga orders the massacre of more than 1,500 survivors.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369367955#July–September", "title": "1571", "revid": 1369367955, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1575, "year_label": "1575 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "June 28", "text": "June 28 – Battle of Nagashino: Oda Nobunaga defeats Takeda Katsuyori in Japan's first modern battle.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362481402#April–June", "title": "1575", "revid": 1362481402, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1576, "year_label": "1576 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "April 14", "text": "April 14 – Ishiyama Hongan-ji War: In Japan, the Third Battle of Ishiyama begins as Oda Nobunaga sends 10,000 soldiers against the Ashikaga shogunate to capture the Honganji Temple.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362635528#April–June", "title": "1576", "revid": 1362635528, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1576, "year_label": "1576 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "August 23", "text": "August 23 – On the island of Kyūshū in Japan, near what is now Takaharu, Miyazaki prefecture, Takahara Castle of the Itō clan is captured by 30,000 men led by the warlord Shimazu Yoshihisa, after a siege of four days.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362635528#July–September", "title": "1576", "revid": 1362635528, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1579, "year_label": "1579 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "August 17", "text": "August 17 – \"Yasuke\", a man of African origin who has been hired as a manager by the Chancellor of the Realm, Oda Nobunaga, arrives in Japan. Called \"The Black Samurai\" in dramatizations of his experience, he begins a service of three years to the Chancellor, ending on June 21, 1582.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362792771#July–September", "title": "1579", "revid": 1362792771, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1579, "year_label": "1579 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "May 21", "text": "May 21 – Battle of Mimaomote: In Japan, Doi Kiyonaga defeats the forces of Kumu Yorinobu.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362792771#April–June", "title": "1579", "revid": 1362792771, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1582, "year_label": "1582 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "June 21", "text": "June 21 – (2nd day of the sixth month, Tenshō 10) The Honnō-ji Incident occurs in Kyoto in Japan, as Japanese warlord Oda Nobunaga, on the verge of unifying Japan under his rule, is assassinated following a betrayal by a rebel subject, Akechi Mitsuhide.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373325265#April–June", "title": "1582", "revid": 1373325265, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1583, "year_label": "1583 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "May 21", "text": "May 21 – Battle of Shizugatake in Japan: Shibata Katsuie is defeated by Toyotomi Hideyoshi, who goes on to commence construction of Osaka Castle.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1363312090#April–June", "title": "1583", "revid": 1363312090, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1589, "year_label": "1589 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "Hiroshima is founded, by the Japanese warlord Mōri Terumoto.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1359971295#Date_unknown", "title": "1589", "revid": 1359971295, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1589, "year_label": "1589 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "July 17", "text": "July 17 – (Tensho 17, 5th day of 6th month); The Battle of Suriagehara takes place in Japan between the Date and Katakura clans and the Ashina, Satake and Nikaido clans. Date Masamune leads the two clans to victory over Satake Yoshinobu.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1359971295#July–September", "title": "1589", "revid": 1359971295, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1593, "year_label": "1593 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "February 12", "text": "February 12 – Battle of Haengju: Korea defeats Japan.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1351972668#January–March", "title": "1593", "revid": 1351972668, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1597, "year_label": "1597 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "August 28", "text": "August 28 – Imjin War: Battle of Chilcheollyang – The Japanese fleet defeats the Koreans, in their only naval victory of the war.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362801855#July–September", "title": "1597", "revid": 1362801855, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1597, "year_label": "1597 CE", "section": "Disasters & Accidents", "date": "February 5", "text": "February 5 – In Japan, 26 European Catholic Christians are executed in Nagasaki by crucifixion. They had the misfortune of being shipwrecked on the Japanese coast on October 19, 1596.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362801855#January–March", "title": "1597", "revid": 1362801855, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1600, "year_label": "1600 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": null, "text": "Sumo wrestling becomes a professional sport in Japan.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360196741#Date_unknown", "title": "1600", "revid": 1360196741, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1600, "year_label": "1600 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": "April 19", "text": "April 19 – The first Dutch ship ever to arrive in Japan, the Liefde (\"Love\"), anchors in Sashifu, in the Bungo Province (modern-day Usuki in Ōita Prefecture). The sailors present on this ship are William Adams, Jan Joosten van Lodensteijn, Jacob Quaeckernaeck and Melchior van Santvoort.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360196741#April–June", "title": "1600", "revid": 1360196741, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1600, "year_label": "1600 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "October 21", "text": "October 21 – The Battle of Sekigahara occurs in what is now present-day Gifu Prefecture, Japan, where the Eastern Army led by Tokugawa Ieyasu emerges victorious against the Western Army led by Ishida Mitsunari. The battle ends the Sengoku period and grants the Tokugawa clan nominal control over Japan, establishing the Tokugawa shogunate with Tokugawa Ieyasu as shogun.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360196741#October–December", "title": "1600", "revid": 1360196741, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1603, "year_label": "1603 CE", "section": "Economy & Finance", "date": null, "text": "The earliest of eight companies that will eventually merge to form the Kikkoman Corporation, the producers of soy sauce, is founded in Japan.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366656830#Date_unknown", "title": "1603", "revid": 1366656830, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1605, "year_label": "1605 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "April 16", "text": "April 16 – Tokugawa Ieyasu abdicates as shogun of Japan, becoming Ogosho (retired shogun). His son Tokugawa Hidetada succeeds him to the office.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362477436#April–June", "title": "1605", "revid": 1362477436, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1605, "year_label": "1605 CE", "section": "Climate & Environment", "date": "February 3", "text": "February 3 – The 1605 Keichō earthquake, of estimated 7.9 magnitude, strikes Japan south of the island of Honshu, and triggers a tsunami that washes away hundreds of houses and kills thousands of people.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362477436#January–March", "title": "1605", "revid": 1362477436, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1611, "year_label": "1611 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": null, "text": "Itoh Gofuku, a predecessor of Matsuzakaya, a famous department store, is founded for the sale of silk in Nagoya, Japan.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1277342005#Date_unknown", "title": "1611", "revid": 1277342005, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1611, "year_label": "1611 CE", "section": "Climate & Environment", "date": "December 2", "text": "December 2 (Keichō 16, 10th month, 28th day) – The 1611 Sanriku earthquake of 8.1 magnitude strikes off of the coast of Japan and causes a tsunami that kills almost 5,000 people in the northern section of Honshu island.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1277342005#October–December", "title": "1611", "revid": 1277342005, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1612, "year_label": "1612 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": null, "text": "The Nagoya Castle is completed in Japan.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366306597#Date_unknown", "title": "1612", "revid": 1366306597, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1614, "year_label": "1614 CE", "section": "Technology & Infrastructure", "date": "March 15", "text": "March 15 – Construction begins on the Takada Castle in Japan.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372816433#January–March", "title": "1614", "revid": 1372816433, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1615, "year_label": "1615 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": null, "text": "Konoike Shinroku opens an office in Osaka, and begins shipping tax-rice from western Japan to Osaka.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365922608#Date_unknown", "title": "1615", "revid": 1365922608, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1615, "year_label": "1615 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "June 4", "text": "June 4 – Forces under shōgun Tokugawa Ieyasu take Osaka Castle in Japan, beginning a period of peace which lasts nearly 250 years. Bands of Christian samurai support Ieyasu's enemies at the Battle of Osaka.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365922608#April–June", "title": "1615", "revid": 1365922608, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1638, "year_label": "1638 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "January 8", "text": "January 8 – Shimabara Rebellion: The siege of Shimabara Castle ends after 27 days in Japan's Tokugawa shogunate (part of modern-day Nagasaki prefecture) as the rebel peasants flee reinforcements sent by the shogun Tokugawa Iemitsu.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1352457236#January–March", "title": "1638", "revid": 1352457236, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1651, "year_label": "1651 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "The Keian Uprising fails in Japan.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365975166#Date_unknown", "title": "1651", "revid": 1365975166, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1655, "year_label": "1655 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "January 5", "text": "January 5 – Emperor Go-Sai ascends to the throne of Japan.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365983750#January–March", "title": "1655", "revid": 1365983750, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1656, "year_label": "1656 CE", "section": "Economy & Finance", "date": null, "text": "Konoike Zen'amon (son of Konoike Shinroku) founds a baking and money-changing business in Osaka, Japan.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372048661#Undated", "title": "1656", "revid": 1372048661, "section": "Events › Undated"}}, {"year": 1663, "year_label": "1663 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "March 5", "text": "March 5 – Emperor Go-Sai's reign ends, and Emperor Reigen ascends to the throne of Japan.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365988068#January–March", "title": "1663", "revid": 1365988068, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1673, "year_label": "1673 CE", "section": "Economy & Finance", "date": null, "text": "The Mitsui family's trading and banking house is founded in Japan.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365992268#Date_unknown", "title": "1673", "revid": 1365992268, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1680, "year_label": "1680 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "June 4", "text": "June 4 – Tokugawa Tsunayoshi becomes the new Shōgun of Japan upon the death of his older brother, Tokugawa Ietsuna, who had been shōgun for 29 years.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365997201#April–June", "title": "1680", "revid": 1365997201, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1687, "year_label": "1687 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "May 6", "text": "May 6 – Emperor Higashiyama succeeds Emperor Reigen, on the throne of Japan.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1363302904#April–June", "title": "1687", "revid": 1363302904, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1709, "year_label": "1709 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "February 19", "text": "February 19 – Tokugawa Ienobu becomes the sixth shōgun of the Tokugawa dynasty of Japan, after the death of the shōgun Tsunayoshi, who had been head of government since 1680.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1361817608#January–March", "title": "1709", "revid": 1361817608, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1709, "year_label": "1709 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "July 27", "text": "July 27 – Japan's Emperor Higashiyama abdicates after a reign of 23 years that began in 1687, and is succeeded by his son Yoshihito, who is enthroned as the Emperor Nakamikado.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1361817608#July–December", "title": "1709", "revid": 1361817608, "section": "Events › July–December"}}, {"year": 1721, "year_label": "1721 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "A suggestion box is developed under the eighth shōgun of Japan, Yoshimune Tokugawa.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367153403#Date_unknown", "title": "1721", "revid": 1367153403, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1735, "year_label": "1735 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "April 13", "text": "April 13 – Emperor Sakuramachi accedes to the throne of Japan.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365121192#April–June", "title": "1735", "revid": 1365121192, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1747, "year_label": "1747 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "June 9", "text": "June 9 – Emperor Momozono ascends to the throne of Japan, succeeding Emperor Sakuramachi.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372981647#April–June", "title": "1747", "revid": 1372981647, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1751, "year_label": "1751 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "October 27", "text": "October 27 – The Hōreki period begins in Japan.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1351037611#October–December", "title": "1751", "revid": 1351037611, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1758, "year_label": "1758 CE", "section": "Economy & Finance", "date": null, "text": "Okadaya (岡田屋), predecessor of AEON, a multiple retailer group, founded in Yokkaichi, Japan.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366206062#Date_unknown", "title": "1758", "revid": 1366206062, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1781, "year_label": "1781 CE", "section": "Economy & Finance", "date": "June 12", "text": "June 12 – Ohmiya (近江屋), as predecessor for Takeda, a major worldwide pharmaceutical brand, is founded in Doshomachi (道修町), Osaka, Japan.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370562964#April–June", "title": "1781", "revid": 1370562964, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1783, "year_label": "1783 CE", "section": "Climate & Environment", "date": "August 4", "text": "August 4 – Mount Asama, the most active volcano in Japan, begins a climactic eruption, killing roughly 1,400 people directly and exacerbating a famine, resulting in another 20,000 deaths (Tenmei eruption).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370056030#July–September", "title": "1783", "revid": 1370056030, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1791, "year_label": "1791 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": "April 29", "text": "April 29–May 8 – The first American ships reach Japan, brigantine Lady Washington captained by John Kendrick of Boston, and the brig Grace.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365416177#April–June", "title": "1791", "revid": 1365416177, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1830, "year_label": "1830 CE", "section": "Economy & Finance", "date": null, "text": "Sogo, a Japanese department store brand founded in Osaka, Japan, as predecessor part of Seven & I Retail Group.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1352223718#Date_unknown", "title": "1830", "revid": 1352223718, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1831, "year_label": "1831 CE", "section": "Economy & Finance", "date": "January 10", "text": "January 10 – Japanese department store, Takashimaya in Kyoto established.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360358594#January–March", "title": "1831", "revid": 1360358594, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1847, "year_label": "1847 CE", "section": "Climate & Environment", "date": "May 8", "text": "May 8 – The Nagano earthquake leaves more than 8,600 people dead in Japan.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362575777#April–June", "title": "1847", "revid": 1362575777, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1858, "year_label": "1858 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": "May", "text": "May (unknown date) – Japanese trading company Itochu founded in Toyosato, Shiga Prefecture, Japan.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371625769#April–June", "title": "1858", "revid": 1371625769, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1862, "year_label": "1862 CE", "section": "Economy & Finance", "date": null, "text": "Iwai Fumisuke Shoten (岩井文助商店), predecessor of Japanese conglomerate Sojitz, is founded in Osaka.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1358615004#Date_unknown", "title": "1862", "revid": 1358615004, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1875, "year_label": "1875 CE", "section": "Technology & Infrastructure", "date": "July 11", "text": "July 11 – Tanaka Manufacturing, a telecommunications factory in Ginza, Tokyo, a predecessor of Toshiba, a Japanese electromechanics giant, is founded.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371928758#July", "title": "1875", "revid": 1371928758, "section": "Events › July"}}, {"year": 1876, "year_label": "1876 CE", "section": "Health & Medicine", "date": null, "text": "Samurai are banned from carrying swords in Japan, and their stipends are replaced by a one-time grant of income-bearing bonds.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1363589433#Date_unknown", "title": "1876", "revid": 1363589433, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1877, "year_label": "1877 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "April 12", "text": "April 12 – The University of Tokyo is officially established in Japan.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370239819#April", "title": "1877", "revid": 1370239819, "section": "Events › April"}}, {"year": 1879, "year_label": "1879 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "June 4", "text": "June 4 – Yasukuni Shrine is officially renamed from Tokyo Shokonsha Shrine in Japan.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365404244#June", "title": "1879", "revid": 1365404244, "section": "Events › June"}}, {"year": 1879, "year_label": "1879 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "March 11", "text": "March 11 – The Ryukyu Domain is incorporated into the Okinawa Prefecture of Japan and the last ruler, Shō Tai, exiled to Tokyo.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365404244#March", "title": "1879", "revid": 1365404244, "section": "Events › March"}}, {"year": 1882, "year_label": "1882 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "October 21", "text": "October 21 – Waseda University is founded by Shigenobu Ōkuma in Japan as Tokyo Specializing School.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360586433#October", "title": "1882", "revid": 1360586433, "section": "Events › October"}}, {"year": 1887, "year_label": "1887 CE", "section": "Economy & Finance", "date": null, "text": "Nagase Shoten (長瀬商店), predecessor of Japanese cosmetics and toiletry brand Kao Corporation, is founded in Nihonbashi, Tokyo, Japan.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1363052310#Date_unknown", "title": "1887", "revid": 1363052310, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1888, "year_label": "1888 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": "April 13", "text": "April 13 – Kahisakan (可否茶館), the first coffee shop in Japan, opens in Tokyo.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372679419#April", "title": "1888", "revid": 1372679419, "section": "Events › April"}}, {"year": 1888, "year_label": "1888 CE", "section": "Economy & Finance", "date": "May 10", "text": "May 10 – Nippon Oil Corporation, predecessor of Eneos, a petroleum and gas energy brand in Japan, is founded in Niigata Prefecture.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372679419#May", "title": "1888", "revid": 1372679419, "section": "Events › May"}}, {"year": 1890, "year_label": "1890 CE", "section": "Technology & Infrastructure", "date": null, "text": "Japanese tractor and iron pipe brand, Kubota founded in Osaka, Japan.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364071388#Date_unknown", "title": "1890", "revid": 1364071388, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1890, "year_label": "1890 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "April 2", "text": "April 2 – Kashihara Shrine, a landmark spot in Nara Prefecture, Japan, is officially built by Emperor Mutsuhito (Emperor of Meiji).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364071388#April", "title": "1890", "revid": 1364071388, "section": "Events › April"}}, {"year": 1893, "year_label": "1893 CE", "section": "Climate & Environment", "date": "October 14", "text": "October 14 – A devastating levee collapse, flash flood and landslide hit and damage around Kyushu Island, Shikoku Island and western Honshū in Japan, due to a strong typhoon wind; an official document reports that 2,044 people perish.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369946190#October", "title": "1893", "revid": 1369946190, "section": "Events › October"}}, {"year": 1897, "year_label": "1897 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "June 18", "text": "June 18 – Kyoto University is officially established in Japan.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362850810#June", "title": "1897", "revid": 1362850810, "section": "Events › June"}}, {"year": 1899, "year_label": "1899 CE", "section": "Economy & Finance", "date": "February 1", "text": "February 1 – The Suntory whisky distiller and worldwide alcoholic and soft drink brand of Japan is established by Shinjiro Torii in Osaka as a store selling imported wines.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371393177#February", "title": "1899", "revid": 1371393177, "section": "Events › February"}}, {"year": 1904, "year_label": "1904 CE", "section": "Disasters & Accidents", "date": "May 15", "text": "May 15 – Russo-Japanese War: Russian minelayer Amur lays a minefield about 15 mi km off Port Arthur, and sinks Japan's battleships Hatsuse, 15,000 tons with 496 crew, and Yashima. On the same day, the Japanese protected cruiser Yoshino sinks after being accidentally rammed by the armored cruiser Kasuga, killing over 270 crew, including Captain Sayegi and his second-in-command, Commander Hirowateri. Japan will keep the loss of Yashima secret for over a year.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373337754#May", "title": "1904", "revid": 1373337754, "section": "Events › May"}}, {"year": 1910, "year_label": "1910 CE", "section": "Technology & Infrastructure", "date": null, "text": "Hitachi, an electromechanics company, is founded as a mining machine repair factory in Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373495790#Undated", "title": "1910", "revid": 1373495790, "section": "Events › Undated"}}, {"year": 1914, "year_label": "1914 CE", "section": "Technology & Infrastructure", "date": "December 20", "text": "December 20 – Tokyo Station officially opens in Japan, replacing Shinbashi Station as Tokyo's main terminal.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373518346#December", "title": "1914", "revid": 1373518346, "section": "Events › December"}}, {"year": 1917, "year_label": "1917 CE", "section": "Technology & Infrastructure", "date": "April", "text": "April – Imokawa Mukuzo Genkanban no Maki, the first anime, is released in Japan.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373519608#April", "title": "1917", "revid": 1373519608, "section": "Events › April"}}, {"year": 1920, "year_label": "1920 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "November 2", "text": "November 2 – Meiji Shrine, one of many landmark spots in Tokyo, is officially built in Japan.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369258210#November", "title": "1920", "revid": 1369258210, "section": "Events › November"}}, {"year": 1927, "year_label": "1927 CE", "section": "Technology & Infrastructure", "date": "December 30", "text": "December 30 – The first Asian commuter metro line, the Tokyo Metro Ginza Line, opens in Japan.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370012373#December", "title": "1927", "revid": 1370012373, "section": "Events › December"}}, {"year": 1938, "year_label": "1938 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "May 21", "text": "May 21 – Tsuyama massacre: Matsuo Toi kills 30 people in a village in Okayama, Japan, in the world's worst spree killing by an individual until 1957.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368818751#May", "title": "1938", "revid": 1368818751, "section": "Events › May"}}, {"year": 1940, "year_label": "1940 CE", "section": "Crime & Justice", "date": "July 27", "text": "July 27 – Eleven British nationals, including Melville James Cox, are arrested on suspicion of spying for military intelligence by the secret police in Japan. Cox commits suicide in Tokyo on July 29, according to a report by the Japanese Foreign Ministry.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368818987#July", "title": "1940", "revid": 1368818987, "section": "Events › July"}}, {"year": 1947, "year_label": "1947 CE", "section": "Disasters & Accidents", "date": "May 29", "text": "May 29 – A United States Army Air Forces Douglas C-54 Skymaster crashes on approach to Naval Air Station Atsugi, Japan, killing all 41 on board in the worst aviation accident in Japanese history up to this time.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371901060#May", "title": "1947", "revid": 1371901060, "section": "Events › May"}}, {"year": 1948, "year_label": "1948 CE", "section": "Economy & Finance", "date": "June 28", "text": "June 28 – Lotte Group, a global conglomerate in Northeast Asia (South Korea and Japan), is founded.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371784888#June", "title": "1948", "revid": 1371784888, "section": "Events › June"}}, {"year": 1952, "year_label": "1952 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "April 28", "text": "April 28 – The Treaty of San Francisco goes into effect, formally ending the war between Japan and the Allies, and simultaneously ending the occupation of the four main Japanese islands by the Supreme Commander for the Allied Powers.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373187098#March–April", "title": "1952", "revid": 1373187098, "section": "Events › March–April"}}, {"year": 1962, "year_label": "1962 CE", "section": "Technology & Infrastructure", "date": "July 25", "text": "July 25 – The first attack helicopter company, Utility Tactical Transport Helicopter Company, of the United States Army is formed on Okinawa Island, Japan.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373095518#July", "title": "1962", "revid": 1373095518, "section": "Events › July"}}, {"year": 1964, "year_label": "1964 CE", "section": "Economy & Finance", "date": "May 9", "text": "May 9 – South Korean President Park Chung Hee reshuffles his Cabinet, after a series of student demonstrations against his efforts to restore diplomatic and trade relations with Japan.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371069587#May", "title": "1964", "revid": 1371069587, "section": "Events › May"}}, {"year": 1975, "year_label": "1975 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": "May 16", "text": "May 16 – Junko Tabei from Japan becomes the first woman to reach the summit of Mount Everest.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369955775#May", "title": "1975", "revid": 1369955775, "section": "Events › May"}}, {"year": 1977, "year_label": "1977 CE", "section": "Climate & Environment", "date": "February 3", "text": "February 3 – In northern Japan a blizzard piles snow on rooftops, causing many to collapse killing at least 31 people.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371657539#February", "title": "1977", "revid": 1371657539, "section": "Events › February"}}, {"year": 1979, "year_label": "1979 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "April 2", "text": "April 2 – In Japan, the channel of TV Asahi premieres Doraemon.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371786119#April", "title": "1979", "revid": 1371786119, "section": "Events › April"}}, {"year": 1985, "year_label": "1985 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": "March 17", "text": "March 17 – Expo '85, an international exhibition, opens in Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan, running until September 16.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369963057#March", "title": "1985", "revid": 1369963057, "section": "Events › March"}}, {"year": 1989, "year_label": "1989 CE", "section": "Technology & Infrastructure", "date": "April 21", "text": "April 21 – The Nintendo Game Boy has its first official release in Japan", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369557705#April", "title": "1989", "revid": 1369557705, "section": "Events › April"}}, {"year": 1994, "year_label": "1994 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "June 30", "text": "June 30 – The Liberal Democratic Party in Japan regains power after spending 11 months in opposition, in coalition with the Japan Socialist Party.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369917016#June", "title": "1994", "revid": 1369917016, "section": "Events › June"}}, {"year": 1997, "year_label": "1997 CE", "section": "Health & Medicine", "date": "December 16", "text": "December 16 – In Japan, over 700 children suffer photosensitive epilepsy attacks after watching an episode of the Pokémon anime.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367978156#December", "title": "1997", "revid": 1367978156, "section": "Events › December"}}, {"year": 1998, "year_label": "1998 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "February 7", "text": "February 7–22 – The 1998 Winter Olympics are held in Nagano, Japan.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373236679#February", "title": "1998", "revid": 1373236679, "section": "Events › February"}}, {"year": 2001, "year_label": "2001 CE", "section": "Disasters & Accidents", "date": "January 31", "text": "January 31 – 2001 Japan Airlines mid-air incident: Japan Airlines Flight 907 and Flight 958 almost collided with each other in Yaizu, Shizuoka, Japan. Flight 907 safely landed at Narita Airport and Flight 958 continued to Naha Airport. 100 people were injured.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373523156#January", "title": "2001", "revid": 1373523156, "section": "Events › January"}}, {"year": 2002, "year_label": "2002 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "June 29", "text": "June 29 – Second Battle of Yeonpyeong: During the 2002 FIFA World Cup in South Korea and Japan, two North Korean patrol boats cross a contested border in between the two Koreas and attack two South Korean Chamsuri-class patrol boats.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372652846#June", "title": "2002", "revid": 1372652846, "section": "Events › June"}}, {"year": 2008, "year_label": "2008 CE", "section": "Climate & Environment", "date": "June 14", "text": "June 14 – A 6.9 magnitude earthquake in Iwate Prefecture, Japan, kills 12 and injures more than 400.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372634791#June", "title": "2008", "revid": 1372634791, "section": "Events › June"}}, {"year": 2009, "year_label": "2009 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "January 1", "text": "January 1 – Japan, Mexico, Turkey and Uganda assume their seats on the United Nations Security Council.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367728140#January", "title": "2009", "revid": 1367728140, "section": "Events › January"}}, {"year": 2011, "year_label": "2011 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "February 26", "text": "February 26 – The Nintendo 3DS has its first release in Japan, following later releases in Europe on March 25, North America on March 27, and Australia on March 31.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372940525#February", "title": "2011", "revid": 1372940525, "section": "Events › February"}}, {"year": 2012, "year_label": "2012 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "December 28", "text": "December 28 – Japanese supercentarian Jiroemon Kimura surpasses the final age of Danish-American supercentarian Christian Mortensen of 115 years, 252 days and becomes the oldest validated man in recorded history.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373434549#December", "title": "2012", "revid": 1373434549, "section": "Events › December"}}, {"year": 2014, "year_label": "2014 CE", "section": "Climate & Environment", "date": "September 27", "text": "September 27 – Mount Ontake, in Japan, erupts, killing several climbers on the slopes of the volcano.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373534475#September", "title": "2014", "revid": 1373534475, "section": "Events › September"}}, {"year": 2016, "year_label": "2016 CE", "section": "Climate & Environment", "date": "April 14", "text": "April 14–16 – A series of major earthquakes strikes southwestern Japan, killing 277 people and injuring 2,809.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373421880#April", "title": "2016", "revid": 1373421880, "section": "Events › April"}}, {"year": 2019, "year_label": "2019 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "March 31", "text": "March 31 – Taiwan scrambles its fighter aircraft after two Chinese jets crossed the maritime border between the two nations. Just the day before, Japan had similarly scrambled its jets after Chinese jets flew between Miyako and Okinawa.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373255188#March", "title": "2019", "revid": 1373255188, "section": "Events › March"}}, {"year": 2019, "year_label": "2019 CE", "section": "Climate & Environment", "date": "October 12", "text": "October 12 – Typhoon Hagibis makes landfall in Japan, the biggest storm to hit the region in decades, with over seven million people urged to evacuate.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373255188#October", "title": "2019", "revid": 1373255188, "section": "Events › October"}}, {"year": 2019, "year_label": "2019 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "September 20", "text": "September 20–November 2 – The 2019 Rugby World Cup is held in Japan and is won by South Africa who defeated England in the final.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373255188#September", "title": "2019", "revid": 1373255188, "section": "Events › September"}}, {"year": 2020, "year_label": "2020 CE", "section": "Health & Medicine", "date": "April 7", "text": "April 7 – COVID-19 pandemic: Japan declares a state of emergency in response to COVID-19 and finalises a stimulus package worth 108 trillion yen (US$990 billion), equal to 20% of the country's GDP.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371633312#April", "title": "2020", "revid": 1371633312, "section": "Events › April"}}, {"year": 2020, "year_label": "2020 CE", "section": "Climate & Environment", "date": "August 15", "text": "August 15 – The Japanese bulk carrier Wakashio, which stranded on a reef in Mauritius last month, breaks in half. Approximately 1,000 tonnes of oil are spilled into the ocean, becoming the largest environmental disaster in the history of Mauritius.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371633312#August", "title": "2020", "revid": 1371633312, "section": "Events › August"}}, {"year": 2022, "year_label": "2022 CE", "section": "Economy & Finance", "date": "January 1", "text": "January 1 – The Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership, the largest free trade area in the world, comes into effect for Australia, Brunei, Cambodia, China, Indonesia, Japan, South Korea, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, New Zealand, the Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371998228#January", "title": "2022", "revid": 1371998228, "section": "Events › January"}}, {"year": 2024, "year_label": "2024 CE", "section": "Climate & Environment", "date": "April 3", "text": "April 3 – A powerful earthquake with a magnitude of 7.4 strikes off the eastern coast of Taiwan, with small tsunamis reaching heights of 20 – 30 hitting Okinawa Prefecture, Japan.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371869228#April", "title": "2024", "revid": 1371869228, "section": "Events › April"}}, {"year": 2024, "year_label": "2024 CE", "section": "Disasters & Accidents", "date": "January 1", "text": "January 1 – A 7.5 M ww earthquake strikes the western coast of Japan (Noto Peninsula), killing at least 504 people and injuring 1,389 others. A further 5 are killed the next day when a Coast Guard aircraft carrying humanitarian aid was involved in a collision with a Japan Airlines Airbus A350-900 aircraft, destroying both aircraft. All 379 people aboard the passenger jet are evacuated safely.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371869228#January", "title": "2024", "revid": 1371869228, "section": "Events › January"}}, {"year": 2025, "year_label": "2025 CE", "section": "Climate & Environment", "date": "December 8", "text": "December 8 – A 7.6 earthquake occurs in the Pacific Ocean off the coast of Aomori Prefecture in Japan, triggering a tsunami up to 70 cm high.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372865033#December", "title": "2025", "revid": 1372865033, "section": "Events › December"}}, {"year": 2025, "year_label": "2025 CE", "section": "Climate & Environment", "date": "July 30", "text": "July 30 – An 8.8 earthquake strikes off the coast of Russia's Kamchatka Peninsula, triggering tsunami warnings in Japan and Hawaii.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372865033#July", "title": "2025", "revid": 1372865033, "section": "Events › July"}}, {"year": 2025, "year_label": "2025 CE", "section": "Health & Medicine", "date": "November 25", "text": "November 25 – A report published by the United Nations shows that Indonesian capital Jakarta has surpassed Japanese capital Tokyo as the world's largest city, with a population of 42 million people.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372865033#November", "title": "2025", "revid": 1372865033, "section": "Events › November"}}]}