{"slug": "john-wycliffe", "label": "John Wycliffe", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Wycliffe", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173893", "qid": "Q173893", "description": "English theologian and dissident in the Roman Catholic Church", "entries": 9, "years": 7, "span": [1377, 1420], "span_label": ["1377 CE", "1420 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Religion & Belief", "count": 8}, {"title": "Deaths", "count": 1}], "related": [{"slug": "archbishop-of-canterbury", "label": "Archbishop of Canterbury", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "jan-hus", "label": "Jan Hus", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "kingdom-of-england", "label": "Kingdom of England", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "bible", "label": "Bible", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "jesus", "label": "Jesus", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "pope-gregory-xi", "label": "Pope Gregory XI", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "pope-urban-vi", "label": "Pope Urban VI", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "pope-martin-v", "label": "Pope Martin V", "shared": 1}], "items": [{"year": 1377, "year_label": "1377 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "May 22", "text": "May 22 – Pope Gregory XI issues five papal bulls condemning the opinion of John Wycliffe, who has argued that Catholic priests should live in poverty, like the twelve disciples of Jesus.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368383535#April–June", "title": "1377", "revid": 1368383535, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1378, "year_label": "1378 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "February 19", "text": "February 19 – In England, John Wycliffe, who has been trying to promote ideas for Catholic reform and has published a tract outlining his theses, appears at the Church of St. Paul before a group of bishops headed by the Archbishop of Canterbury, Simon of Sudbury, to defend his actions. With a citation having directed him to appear \"on the thirtieth court-day\" after receipt, Wycliffe arrives before the bishops to proceed with trial, but proceedings are halted when Sir Lewis Clifford, dispatched by Joan of Kent, Princess of Wales, acting as the regent for her son, King Richard II the Kingdom, directs that the bishops are \"not to presume to determine anything against John Wycliffe. According to a chronicler, \"Struck with terror, they at once abandoned the business of their meeting,\" but they subsequently order Wycliffe to appear at Lambeth in March.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366019926#January–March", "title": "1378", "revid": 1366019926, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1382, "year_label": "1382 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "May 21", "text": "May 21 – John Wycliffe's teachings are condemned by the Synod of London, which becomes known as the \"Earthquake Synod\", after its meetings are disrupted by an earthquake.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367364320#April–June", "title": "1382", "revid": 1367364320, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1384, "year_label": "1384 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "Shortly before his death on the last day of the year, John Wycliffe sends out tracts against Pope Urban VI, who has not turned out to be the reformist Wycliffe had hoped.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369176313#Unknown_Date", "title": "1384", "revid": 1369176313, "section": "Events › Unknown Date"}}, {"year": 1384, "year_label": "1384 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "December 31", "text": "December 31 – John Wycliffe, English theologian, Bible translator and Catholic reform campaigner", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369176313#Deaths", "title": "1384", "revid": 1369176313, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 1401, "year_label": "1401 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "March 10", "text": "March 10 – As the English Parliament session closes, King Henry IV gives royal assent to the Suppression of Heresy Act, permitting secular authorities to carry out punishment for religious crimes. The assent comes after the Archbishop of Canterbury pressures King Henry to outlaw the Lollards, followers of John Wycliffe, and criminalizes possession of a copy of Wycliffe's translation of the Bible.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1347806355#January–March", "title": "1401", "revid": 1347806355, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1415, "year_label": "1415 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "May 4", "text": "May 4 – The Council of Constance declares that the late English theologian John Wycliffe (1328-1384) was a heretic and bans his writings, as well as directing that his work be burned, and that Wycliffe's remains be removed from their burial site on consecrated church ground. The order will be carried out 13 years later in 1428.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371593286#April–June", "title": "1415", "revid": 1371593286, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1415, "year_label": "1415 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "June 5", "text": "June 5 – The Council of Constance condemns the writings of John Wycliffe and asks Jan Hus to recant in public his heresy; after his denial, he is tried for heresy, excommunicated, then sentenced to be burned at the stake.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371593286#April–June", "title": "1415", "revid": 1371593286, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1420, "year_label": "1420 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "March 1", "text": "March 1 – Pope Martin V issues the papal bull Omnium plasmatoris domini, calling upon Roman Catholics to unite in a crusade against what he considers heretic Christian sects, including the adherents of John Wycliffe (Lollards) and the followers of Jan Hus (Hussites).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365937924#January–March", "title": "1420", "revid": 1365937924, "section": "Events › January–March"}}]}