{"slug": "judas-maccabeus", "label": "Judas Maccabeus", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Judas_Maccabeus", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q111559", "qid": "Q111559", "description": "2nd century BCE Jewish priest and leader of Maccabean Revolt against the Seleucids", "entries": 9, "years": 6, "span": [-165, -159], "span_label": ["166 BCE", "160 BCE"], "topics": [{"title": "Conflict & Security", "count": 5}, {"title": "Deaths", "count": 2}, {"title": "Crime & Justice", "count": 1}, {"title": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "count": 1}], "related": [{"slug": "judea", "label": "Judea", "shared": 4}, {"slug": "jew", "label": "Jew", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "jerusalem", "label": "Jerusalem", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "maccabees", "label": "Maccabees", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "hellenistic-civilization", "label": "Hellenistic civilization", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "temple-in-jerusalem", "label": "Temple in Jerusalem", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "galilee", "label": "Galilee", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "roman-senate", "label": "Roman Senate", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "seleucid", "label": "Seleucid", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "seleucid-empire", "label": "Seleucid Empire", "shared": 1}], "items": [{"year": -165, "year_label": "166 BCE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "The leader of the Jewish revolt against Syria rule, Mattathias, dies and his third son, Judas, assumes leadership of the revolt in accordance with the deathbed deposition of his father.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1209983742#Seleucid_Empire", "title": "166 BC", "revid": 1209983742, "section": "Events › By place › Seleucid Empire"}}, {"year": -163, "year_label": "164 BCE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "The Battle of Beth Zur was fought between Jewish rebel forces led by Judas Maccabeus and a Seleucid army led by the regent Lysias. Judas Maccabeus wins the battle and is able to recapture Jerusalem soon after. Judas purifies the defiled Temple in Jerusalem, destroys the idols erected there by Antiochus IV and restores the service in the Temple. The reconsecration of the Temple becomes an annual feast of dedication in the Jewish calendar, Hanukkah.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1288884961#Seleucid_Empire", "title": "164 BC", "revid": 1288884961, "section": "Events › By place › Seleucid Empire"}}, {"year": -162, "year_label": "163 BCE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Regent Lysias tries to make peace with the Jews in Judea. He offers them full religious freedom if they will lay down their arms. Moderates including the Hasideans consent, but Judas Maccabeus argues for full political as well as religious freedom.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1342198603#Seleucid_Empire", "title": "163 BC", "revid": 1342198603, "section": "Events › By place › Seleucid Empire"}}, {"year": -161, "year_label": "162 BCE", "section": "Crime & Justice", "date": null, "text": "The Maccabees, under the leadership of Judas Maccabeus, continue their struggle against the Seleucids and persecute the Hellenising faction in Judea.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370480795#Seleucid_Empire", "title": "162 BC", "revid": 1370480795, "section": "Events › By place › Seleucid Empire"}}, {"year": -160, "year_label": "161 BCE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": null, "text": "Envoys of Judas Maccabeus conclude a treaty of friendship with the Roman Senate.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1311856799#Roman_Republic", "title": "161 BC", "revid": 1311856799, "section": "Events › by side › Roman Republic"}}, {"year": -160, "year_label": "161 BCE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "The Maccabees, led by Judas Maccabeus, and a Seleucid army, led by the Seleucid general Nicanor, fight the Battle of Adasa, near Beth-horon. Maccabeus wins the battle and Nicanor is killed.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1311856799#Seleucid_Empire", "title": "161 BC", "revid": 1311856799, "section": "Events › by side › Seleucid Empire"}}, {"year": -160, "year_label": "161 BCE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "With the restoration of peace in Judea, an internal struggle breaks out between the supporters of Judas Maccabeus and the Hellenic party. The influence of the Hellenic Party all but collapses in the wake of the Seleucid defeat.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1311856799#Seleucid_Empire", "title": "161 BC", "revid": 1311856799, "section": "Events › by side › Seleucid Empire"}}, {"year": -159, "year_label": "160 BCE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "In response to the Jewish high priest, Alcimus', request for assistance, the Seleucid general Bacchides leads an army into Judea with the intent of reconquering this now independent kingdom. Bacchides rapidly marches through Judea after carrying out a massacre of the Assideans in Galilee. He quickly makes for Jerusalem, besieging the city and trapping Judas Maccabeus, the spiritual and military leader of the Maccabees, inside. However, Judas and many of his supporters manage to escape the siege.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1266100355#Seleucid_Empire", "title": "160 BC", "revid": 1266100355, "section": "Events › By place › Seleucid Empire"}}, {"year": -159, "year_label": "160 BCE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Judas Maccabeus, third son of the Jewish priest Mattathias, who led the Maccabean revolt against the Seleucid Empire until his death", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1266100355#Deaths", "title": "160 BC", "revid": 1266100355, "section": "Deaths"}}]}