{"slug": "kabul", "label": "Kabul", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kabul", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5838", "qid": "Q5838", "description": "capital and the largest city of Afghanistan", "entries": 15, "years": 14, "span": [-328, 2021], "span_label": ["329 BCE", "2021 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Conflict & Security", "count": 9}, {"title": "Exploration & Expansion", "count": 3}, {"title": "Deaths", "count": 1}, {"title": "Crime & Justice", "count": 1}, {"title": "Health & Medicine", "count": 1}], "related": [{"slug": "afghanistan", "label": "Afghanistan", "shared": 6}, {"slug": "india", "label": "India", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "antiochus-iii-the-great", "label": "Antiochus III the Great", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "ghaznavids", "label": "Ghaznavids", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "indus-river", "label": "Indus River", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "sassanid-empire", "label": "Sassanid Empire", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "pakistan", "label": "Pakistan", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "punjab-region", "label": "Punjab region", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "early-muslim-conquests", "label": "Early Muslim conquests", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "october", "label": "October", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "alexander-the-great", "label": "Alexander the Great", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "east-india-company", "label": "East India Company", "shared": 1}], "items": [{"year": -328, "year_label": "329 BCE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": null, "text": "From Phrada, Alexander the Great presses on up the valley of the Helmand River, through Arachosia, and over the mountains past the site of modern Kabul into the country of the Paropamisade, where he founds Alexandria by the Caucasus.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1356261159#Macedonian_Empire", "title": "329 BC", "revid": 1356261159, "section": "Events › By place › Macedonian Empire"}}, {"year": -205, "year_label": "206 BCE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": null, "text": "Antiochus III marches across the Hindu Kush into the Kabul valley and renews his friendship with the Indian king Sophagasenus.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1361853494#Persia", "title": "206 BC", "revid": 1361853494, "section": "Events › By place › Persia"}}, {"year": 664, "year_label": "664 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Muslim Conquest: Arab forces under Al-Muhallab ibn Abi Sufra begin launching raids from Persia, striking at Multan in the southern Punjab (modern Pakistan). Muslims conquer the city of Kabul, invading from eastern Afghanistan.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367636792#Arabian_Empire", "title": "664", "revid": 1367636792, "section": "Events › By place › Arabian Empire"}}, {"year": 986, "year_label": "986 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Winter – Sabuktigin, emir of the Ghaznavid Dynasty, invades India. He expands the emirate between the Kabul Valley and the Indus River after defeating King Jayapala.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365272436#Arabian_Empire", "title": "986", "revid": 1365272436, "section": "Events › By place › Arabian Empire"}}, {"year": 1504, "year_label": "1504 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "October", "text": "October – Babur besieges and captures Kabul.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365936803#Date_unknown", "title": "1504", "revid": 1365936803, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1525, "year_label": "1525 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": null, "text": "Kasur established as a city by the Kheshgi tribe of Pashtuns from Kabul who migrate to the region in 1525 from Afghanistan.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368819017#Date_unknown", "title": "1525", "revid": 1368819017, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1842, "year_label": "1842 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "January 6", "text": "January 6–13 – First Anglo-Afghan War – Massacre of Elphinstone's army (Battle of Gandamak): British East India Company troops are destroyed by Afghan forces on the road from Kabul to Jalalabad, Afghanistan, by Akbar Khan, son of Dost Mohammad Khan.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365455258#January–March", "title": "1842", "revid": 1365455258, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1863, "year_label": "1863 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "June 9", "text": "June 9 – Dost Mohammad Khan, Emir of Kabul, King of Kandahar (b. 1793)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1363782030#January–June", "title": "1863", "revid": 1363782030, "section": "Deaths › January–June"}}, {"year": 1929, "year_label": "1929 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "January 17", "text": "January 17 – Kabul falls to Habibullāh Kalakāni's forces, beginning a 9-month period of Saqqawist rule in Afghanistan while the Afghan Civil War continues.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372436446#January", "title": "1929", "revid": 1372436446, "section": "Events › January"}}, {"year": 1979, "year_label": "1979 CE", "section": "Crime & Justice", "date": "February 14", "text": "February 14 – In Kabul, Muslim extremists kidnap the American ambassador to Afghanistan, Adolph Dubs, who is killed during a gunfight between his kidnappers and police.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371786119#February", "title": "1979", "revid": 1371786119, "section": "Events › February"}}, {"year": 1992, "year_label": "1992 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "April 16", "text": "April 16 – President of Afghanistan Mohammad Najibullah is ousted and detained by Muslim rebels moving towards Kabul, setting the stage for the civil war in Afghanistan (1992–96).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368521010#April", "title": "1992", "revid": 1368521010, "section": "Events › April"}}, {"year": 1996, "year_label": "1996 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "December 27", "text": "December 27 – Taliban forces retake the strategic Bagram Air Base, solidifying their buffer zone around Kabul, Afghanistan.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371596794#December", "title": "1996", "revid": 1371596794, "section": "Events › December"}}, {"year": 1996, "year_label": "1996 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "September 27", "text": "September 27 – In Afghanistan, the Taliban capture the capital city of Kabul, after driving out President Burhanuddin Rabbani and executing former leader Mohammad Najibullah.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371596794#September", "title": "1996", "revid": 1371596794, "section": "Events › September"}}, {"year": 2020, "year_label": "2020 CE", "section": "Health & Medicine", "date": "May 12", "text": "May 12 – Gunmen storm a maternity hospital and kill 24 people, including two newborn babies, in Dashte Barchi, a majority-Shia neighborhood of Kabul, Afghanistan. In a separate incident in Kuz Kunar, 32 people are killed at a funeral by a suicide bomber.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371633312#May", "title": "2020", "revid": 1371633312, "section": "Events › May"}}, {"year": 2021, "year_label": "2021 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "August 30", "text": "August 30 – The United States withdraws its last remaining troops from Hamid Karzai International Airport, Kabul, ending 20 years of operations in Afghanistan.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372689859#August", "title": "2021", "revid": 1372689859, "section": "Events › August"}}]}