{"slug": "kamarina-sicily", "label": "Kamarina, Sicily", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kamarina%2C_Sicily", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q854843", "qid": "Q854843", "description": "ancient city on the southern coast of Sicily", "entries": 6, "years": 6, "span": [-597, -257], "span_label": ["598 BCE", "258 BCE"], "topics": [{"title": "Conflict & Security", "count": 4}, {"title": "Exploration & Expansion", "count": 1}, {"title": "Health & Medicine", "count": 1}], "also_known_as": ["Camarina"], "related": [{"slug": "sicily", "label": "Sicily", "shared": 4}, {"slug": "syracuse-sicily", "label": "Syracuse, Sicily", "shared": 4}, {"slug": "carthage", "label": "Carthage", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "gela", "label": "Gela", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "roman-republic", "label": "Roman Republic", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "ancient-corinth", "label": "Ancient Corinth", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "palermo", "label": "Palermo", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "bubonic-plague", "label": "Bubonic plague", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "agrigento", "label": "Agrigento", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "messina", "label": "Messina", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "sicels", "label": "Sicels", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "lentini", "label": "Lentini", "shared": 1}], "items": [{"year": -597, "year_label": "598 BCE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": null, "text": "598 BC—Kamarina is founded in Sicily (traditional date).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368102206#Events_and_trends", "title": "590s BC", "revid": 1368102206, "section": "Events and trends"}}, {"year": -497, "year_label": "498 BCE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "After the assassination of Cleander, tyrant of Gela, power is transferred to his brother, Hippocrates, who subdues the Sicels and conquers the Chalcidian cities of Callipoli, Leontini, Naxos and Zancle (now known as Messina). He also captures the Syracusan city of Camarina, but is prevented from capturing Syracuse itself when Corinth and Corcyra interferes in the war.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373138296#Sicily", "title": "498 BC", "revid": 1373138296, "section": "Events › By place › Sicily"}}, {"year": -491, "year_label": "492 BCE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "When Camarina, a Syracusan colony, rebels, Hippocrates, the tyrant of Gela, intervenes to wage war against Syracuse. After defeating the Syracusan army at the Heloros River, he besieges the city. However, he is persuaded by the intervention of forces from the Greek mainland city of Corinth to retreat in exchange for the possession of Camarina.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1354172499#Sicily", "title": "492 BC", "revid": 1354172499, "section": "Events › By place › Sicily"}}, {"year": -405, "year_label": "406 BCE", "section": "Health & Medicine", "date": null, "text": "The Carthaginians again invade Sicily and attack Agrigentum (Acragas). Plague breaks out in their camp and Hannibal Mago dies. Himilco assumes command and captures Agrigentum (Acragas), Gela and Camarina. Gela is destroyed and its treasures sacked. The survivors take refuge in Syracuse. The plague is carried back to Carthage by its soldiers.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1350128825#Carthage", "title": "406 BC", "revid": 1350128825, "section": "Events › By place › Carthage"}}, {"year": -258, "year_label": "259 BCE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "The Carthaginians under Hamilcar take advantage of their victory at Thermae in Sicily by counterattacking the Romans and seizing Enna. Hamilcar continues south to Camarina, in Syracusan territory, to try to convince the Syracusans to rejoin the Carthaginian side.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1073120545#Sicily", "title": "259 BC", "revid": 1073120545, "section": "Events › By place › Sicily"}}, {"year": -257, "year_label": "258 BCE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "The Romans are able to regain the initiative in Sicily against Carthage by retaking Enna and Camarina. In central Sicily, they take the town of Mytistraton, which they have attacked twice previously. The Romans also move in the north by marching across the northern coast toward Panormus, but are not able to take the city due to the city's heavily fortified walls.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1128147349#Roman_Republic", "title": "258 BC", "revid": 1128147349, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Republic"}}]}