{"slug": "kingdom-of-aragon", "label": "Kingdom of Aragon", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_of_Aragon", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199442", "qid": "Q199442", "description": "medieval and early modern kingdom in the Iberian Peninsula (1035-1707)", "entries": 46, "years": 41, "span": [1004, 1707], "span_label": ["1004 CE", "1707 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Deaths", "count": 13}, {"title": "Conflict & Security", "count": 10}, {"title": "Births", "count": 9}, {"title": "Religion & Belief", "count": 5}, {"title": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "count": 4}, {"title": "Exploration & Expansion", "count": 3}, {"title": "Culture & Society", "count": 2}], "related": [{"slug": "kingdom-of-navarre", "label": "Kingdom of Navarre", "shared": 10}, {"slug": "alfonso-the-battler", "label": "Alfonso the Battler", "shared": 10}, {"slug": "spain", "label": "Spain", "shared": 8}, {"slug": "ferdinand-ii-of-aragon", "label": "Ferdinand II of Aragon", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "reconquista", "label": "Reconquista", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "andalusia", "label": "Andalusia", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "almoravid-dynasty", "label": "Almoravid dynasty", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "knights-templar", "label": "Knights Templar", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "zaragoza", "label": "Zaragoza", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "kingdom-of-castile", "label": "Kingdom of Castile", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "isabella-i-of-castile", "label": "Isabella I of Castile", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "john-ii-of-aragon", "label": "John II of Aragon", "shared": 2}], "items": [{"year": 1004, "year_label": "1004 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": null, "text": "Sancho III becomes king of Pamplona, Aragon and Castille (until 1035).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369529611#Europe", "title": "1004", "revid": 1369529611, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 1015, "year_label": "1015 CE", "section": "Births", "date": null, "text": "Ermesinda of Bigorre, queen of Aragon (d. 1049)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365259982#Births", "title": "1015", "revid": 1365259982, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 1042, "year_label": "1042 CE", "section": "Births", "date": null, "text": "Sancho V, king of Aragon and Pamplona (d. 1094)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1350130047#Births", "title": "1042", "revid": 1350130047, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 1049, "year_label": "1049 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "December 1", "text": "December 1 – Ermesinda of Bigorre, queen of Aragon (b. 1015)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1350129777#Deaths", "title": "1049", "revid": 1350129777, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 1063, "year_label": "1063 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "May 8", "text": "May 8 – Battle of Graus: Allied Muslim and Christian troops, under King Sancho II (the Strong) and Emir Ahmad al-Muqtadir (maybe led by El Cid), defeat the Aragonese army. King Ramiro I is killed and succeeded by his son Sancho V, as ruler of Aragon.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370137387#Europe", "title": "1063", "revid": 1370137387, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 1063, "year_label": "1063 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "May 8", "text": "May 8 – Ramiro I, king of Aragon (House of Jiménez)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370137387#Deaths", "title": "1063", "revid": 1370137387, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 1068, "year_label": "1068 CE", "section": "Births", "date": null, "text": "Peter I, king of Aragon (approximate date)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372127712#Births", "title": "1068", "revid": 1372127712, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 1073, "year_label": "1073 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Ebles II of Roucy leads a French army in Spain, to support King Sancho V of Aragon in his struggle against his Muslim neighbors.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365270579#Europe", "title": "1073", "revid": 1365270579, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 1073, "year_label": "1073 CE", "section": "Births", "date": null, "text": "Alfonso the Battler, king of Aragon (d. 1134)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365270579#Births", "title": "1073", "revid": 1365270579, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 1083, "year_label": "1083 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "King Sancho Ramírez of Pamplona and Aragon, conquers Graus (located in the Pyrenees).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1267070185#Europe", "title": "1083", "revid": 1267070185, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 1086, "year_label": "1086 CE", "section": "Births", "date": "April 24", "text": "April 24 – Ramiro II (\"the Monk\"), king of Aragon (d. 1157)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1277859585#Births", "title": "1086", "revid": 1277859585, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 1096, "year_label": "1096 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": null, "text": "Reconquista: King Peter I of Aragon conquers Huesca from the Moors of the Taifa of Zaragoza. He expands his domains to the south, conquering land from Al Andalus (modern Spain). The capital is moved from Jaca to Huesca.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365266324#Europe", "title": "1096", "revid": 1365266324, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 1097, "year_label": "1097 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "June 6", "text": "June 6 – Agnes of Aquitaine, queen consort of Aragon and Navarre", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365268080#Deaths", "title": "1097", "revid": 1365268080, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 1104, "year_label": "1104 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Peter I, king of Aragon and Navarre", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365271015#Deaths", "title": "1104", "revid": 1365271015, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 1104, "year_label": "1104 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "September 28", "text": "September 28 – Alfonso I becomes king of Aragon and Navarre (after the death of his half-brother Peter I).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365271015#Europe", "title": "1104", "revid": 1365271015, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 1114, "year_label": "1114 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "As part of the Norman expansion southward, Count Routrou II enters the service of King Alfonso I (the Battler) of Aragon.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369184492#Europe", "title": "1114", "revid": 1369184492, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 1120, "year_label": "1120 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "June 17", "text": "June 17 – Reconquista: Battle of Cutanda: The combined forces of Aragon and Navarre under King Alfonso the Battler crush the Almoravid army near Calamocha. Alfonso recaptures the fortified towns of Calatayud and Daroca.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1298169999#Europe", "title": "1120", "revid": 1298169999, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 1122, "year_label": "1122 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": null, "text": "King Alfonso the Battler of Aragon creates the lay community of knights known as the Confraternity of Belchite. It is the first local attempt to imitate the Order of the Knights Templar created in Palestine.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373038979#Europe", "title": "1122", "revid": 1373038979, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 1123, "year_label": "1123 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "May 3", "text": "May 3 – Felicia of Roucy, queen of Aragon and Navarre", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366532227#Deaths", "title": "1123", "revid": 1366532227, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 1125, "year_label": "1125 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": null, "text": "King Alfonso the Battler of Aragon and Navarre leads a Castellan raid in Andalusia (Southern Spain).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365270881#Europe", "title": "1125", "revid": 1365270881, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 1126, "year_label": "1126 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Summer – King Alfonso the Battler of Aragon and Navarre launches a campaign raid into Granada in Andalusia (modern Spain) against the Almoravids. In the aftermath, the Almoravid deport Jews and Christians from Andalusia to Morocco.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368526441#Europe", "title": "1126", "revid": 1368526441, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 1131, "year_label": "1131 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": null, "text": "The Knights Templars appear in the North-East of Spain and are receiving privileges from King Alfonso I (the Battler). The Templars support him to regain land from the Almoravids. Alfonso grants them exemption of tax on a fifth of the wealth taken from the Muslims. The Templars found their first stronghold in Aragon.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372289644#Europe", "title": "1131", "revid": 1372289644, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 1134, "year_label": "1134 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Battle of Fraga: Castillan forces are defeated by Muslim troops. King Alfonso I (the Battler) is killed and succeeded by his brother Ramiro II as ruler of Aragon. In Navarre the nobility elects Garcia VI as Alfonso's successor.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1321069056#Mediterranean", "title": "1134", "revid": 1321069056, "section": "Events › By place › Mediterranean"}}, {"year": 1134, "year_label": "1134 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "September 7", "text": "September 7 – Alfonso I (the Battler), king of Aragon", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1321069056#Deaths", "title": "1134", "revid": 1321069056, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 1171, "year_label": "1171 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "Autumn – King Alfonso II (the Chaste) of Aragon conquers the cities of Caspe and Teruel. He strengthens his southern frontier after Almohad forces under Caliph Yusuf I ravage Catalonia.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362165802#Europe", "title": "1171", "revid": 1362165802, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 1173, "year_label": "1173 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "October 15", "text": "October 15 – Petronilla, queen regnant of Aragon (b. 1136)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1300112960#Deaths", "title": "1173", "revid": 1300112960, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 1178, "year_label": "1178 CE", "section": "Births", "date": null, "text": "Peter II (the Catholic), king of Aragon (d. 1213)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362170417#Births", "title": "1178", "revid": 1362170417, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 1182, "year_label": "1182 CE", "section": "Births", "date": null, "text": "Maria of Montpellier, queen consort of Aragon (d. 1213)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362172586#Births", "title": "1182", "revid": 1362172586, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 1196, "year_label": "1196 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "April 25", "text": "April 25 – Alfonso II (\"the Chaste\"), king of Aragon (b. 1157)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362484493#Deaths", "title": "1196", "revid": 1362484493, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 1202, "year_label": "1202 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "Rueda Abbey is founded by Cistercians at Sástago, in the Kingdom of Aragon (modern Spain).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369187490#Religion", "title": "1202", "revid": 1369187490, "section": "Events › By topic › Religion"}}, {"year": 1208, "year_label": "1208 CE", "section": "Births", "date": "February 2", "text": "February 2 – James I (\"the Conqueror\"), king of Aragon (d. 1276)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371078934#Births", "title": "1208", "revid": 1371078934, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 1239, "year_label": "1239 CE", "section": "Births", "date": null, "text": "Peter III, king of Aragon and Valencia (d. 1285)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368650554#Births", "title": "1239", "revid": 1368650554, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 1276, "year_label": "1276 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "July 27", "text": "July 27 – James I (\"the Conqueror\"), king of Aragon (b. 1208)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1344445633#Deaths", "title": "1276", "revid": 1344445633, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 1291, "year_label": "1291 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "June 18", "text": "June 18 – Alfonso III (or II; \"the Liberal\"), king of Aragon (b. 1265)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1363454369#Deaths", "title": "1291", "revid": 1363454369, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 1291, "year_label": "1291 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "November", "text": "November–December – The kings Sancho IV of Castile (\"the Brave\") and James II of Aragon (\"the Just\") agree to join the war against the Marinids and conclude a treaty of friendship. Muhammad II, Nasrid ruler of Granada, gives his support to Sancho to take Tarifa from the Marinids. In the agreement, Castile and Aragon will respect their own boundaries.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1363454369#Europe", "title": "1291", "revid": 1363454369, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 1375, "year_label": "1375 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "June 18", "text": "June 18 – In Spain, the eldest son of Henry II of Castile, Prince Juan of Trastámara marries the daughter of King Pedro of Aragon, Princess Leonor of Aragon as part of a peace agreement between the Kingdom of Castile and the Kingdom of Aragon. The marriage takes place at Soria, a town on the Douro river, the border between the two kingdoms. Juan will become King of Aragon in 1379 and Leonor the Queen consort.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370334386#April–June", "title": "1375", "revid": 1370334386, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1387, "year_label": "1387 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "January 5", "text": "January 5 – John I succeeds his father, Peter IV, as King of Aragon and Valencia, and forms an alliance with France and Castile.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1347891884#January–March", "title": "1387", "revid": 1347891884, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1394, "year_label": "1394 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "September 28", "text": "September 28 – Cardinal Pedro Martínez de Luna of the Kingdom of Aragon, opposed to the rule of the Roman Pope Urban VI, is elected at Avignon as the antipope Benedict XIII to succeed the antipope Clement VII.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371593498#July–September", "title": "1394", "revid": 1371593498, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1456, "year_label": "1456 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "September 23", "text": "September 23 – Pope Calixtus III issues a papal bull granting a seven-year indulgence to any Christian who makes a pilgrimage to Our Lady of the Pillar in Zaragoza in Spain's Kingdom of Aragon", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371442849#July–September", "title": "1456", "revid": 1371442849, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1475, "year_label": "1475 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "January 15", "text": "January 15 – At Madrid, Queen Isabella I of Castile, who had been crowned on December 11, declares her husband Prince Fernando de Aragón to be the joint ruler with her, and is proclaimed as King Fernando V of Castile. Fernando, the oldest son and heir to the throne of King Juan II of Aragon, will make Isabella co-ruler of Aragon when he ascends the throne upon his father's death in 1479.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369334832#January–March", "title": "1475", "revid": 1369334832, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1479, "year_label": "1479 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "January 20", "text": "January 20 – Fernando II already co-ruler of Crown of Castile with his wife, Isabella I, becomes the King of Aragon upon the death of his father, King Juan II of Aragon and Navarre. He and Isabella rule together over Aragon and Castile, unifying the two kingdoms and controlling most of the Iberian Peninsula. At the same time, King Juan's daughter, Leonor de Trastámara, who had served as regent during times when her father was away fighting in war, becomes Queen of Navarre.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1359855824#January–March", "title": "1479", "revid": 1359855824, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1485, "year_label": "1485 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "September 15", "text": "September 15 – Peter Arbues is assaulted while praying in the cathedral at Zaragoza in the Kingdom of Aragon, now part of Spain; he dies on September 17. He had been appointed Inquisitor of Aragon by the Inquisitor General, Tomás de Torquemada, in the campaign against heresy and Spanish Judaism.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364736343#July–September", "title": "1485", "revid": 1364736343, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1501, "year_label": "1501 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "June 24", "text": "June 24 – Cesare Borgia's French troops storm and overtake the fortress at Capua in the Kingdom of Naples, overcoming the defense of Fabrizio Colonna in the occupation of the Spanish Kingdom of Aragon in southern Italy.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360582028#April–June", "title": "1501", "revid": 1360582028, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1510, "year_label": "1510 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "June 5", "text": "June 5 – The Sultan Abu Abdallah V of Tlemcen (now part of Algeria) agrees to pay a demand for tribute to the Ferdinand II, King of Aragon (now part of Spain), prompting Ferdinand to plot an invasion of the neighboring kingdom Ifriqiya and its capital, Tripoli.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366972051#April–June", "title": "1510", "revid": 1366972051, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1511, "year_label": "1511 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "October 4", "text": "October 4 – The Holy League is formed, against French dominance in Italy. It is an alliance between the Papal States, the Republic of Venice, and the Kingdom of Aragon, with several other powers joining later (the Swiss Confederation, the Holy Roman Empire, the Kingdom of England). On the next day in Rome, the creation of the Holy League is publicly proclaimed by the Pope Julius II.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367291242#October–December", "title": "1511", "revid": 1367291242, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1707, "year_label": "1707 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "May 8", "text": "May 8 – The siege of Játiva within the Spanish kingdom of Valencia begins as 9,000 Castilian and French troops, at the direction of King Philip V attack Játiva, defended by troops of the Kingdom of Aragon. Játiva (modern Xàtiva) falls on June 6.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1346936133#April–June", "title": "1707", "revid": 1346936133, "section": "Events › April–June"}}]}