{"slug": "kingdom-of-bulgaria", "label": "Kingdom of Bulgaria", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_of_Bulgaria", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q147909", "qid": "Q147909", "description": "state on the Balkan Peninsula between 1908 and 1946", "entries": 10, "years": 6, "span": [1908, 1925], "span_label": ["1908 CE", "1925 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Conflict & Security", "count": 5}, {"title": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "count": 4}, {"title": "Technology & Infrastructure", "count": 1}], "related": [{"slug": "ottoman-empire", "label": "Ottoman Empire", "shared": 5}, {"slug": "kingdom-of-serbia", "label": "Kingdom of Serbia", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "kingdom-of-greece-glucksburg", "label": "Kingdom of Greece (Glücksburg)", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "tsar", "label": "Tsar", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "edirne", "label": "Edirne", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "istanbul", "label": "Istanbul", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "world-war-i", "label": "World War I", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "austria-hungary", "label": "Austria-Hungary", "shared": 1}], "items": [{"year": 1908, "year_label": "1908 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "October 5", "text": "October 5 – Bulgaria declares its independence from the Ottoman Empire; Ferdinand I of Bulgaria becomes Tsar.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373410903#October", "title": "1908", "revid": 1373410903, "section": "Events › October"}}, {"year": 1912, "year_label": "1912 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "February 29", "text": "February 29 – Serbia and Bulgaria secretly sign a treaty of alliance for a term of eight years, with each pledging to come to the defence of the other during war. The treaty would eventually be dishonored in World War I.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373503730#February", "title": "1912", "revid": 1373503730, "section": "Events › February"}}, {"year": 1912, "year_label": "1912 CE", "section": "Technology & Infrastructure", "date": "October 16", "text": "October 16 – Bulgarian pilots Radul Minkov and Prodan Toprakchiev perform the second bombing with an airplane in history, at the railway station of Karaagac near Edirne, against Turkey.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373503730#October", "title": "1912", "revid": 1373503730, "section": "Events › October"}}, {"year": 1912, "year_label": "1912 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "December 3", "text": "December 3 – Bulgaria, Montenegro, and Serbia (the Balkan League, but not Greece) sign an armistice with the Ottoman Empire at Çatalca, temporarily halting the First Balkan War after 2 months. (The armistice will expire on February 3, 1913, and hostilities will resume.)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373503730#December", "title": "1912", "revid": 1373503730, "section": "Events › December"}}, {"year": 1913, "year_label": "1913 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "March 26", "text": "March 26 – Balkan Wars: The Siege of Adrianople ends, when Bulgarian forces take Adrianople from the Ottomans.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373505613#March", "title": "1913", "revid": 1373505613, "section": "Events › March"}}, {"year": 1913, "year_label": "1913 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "September 29", "text": "September 29 – Second Balkan War: The Treaty of Constantinople is signed in Istanbul, between the Ottoman Empire and the Kingdom of Bulgaria.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373505613#September", "title": "1913", "revid": 1373505613, "section": "Events › September"}}, {"year": 1915, "year_label": "1915 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "October 15", "text": "October 15 – WWI: Serbian Campaign – Austria-Hungary invades the Kingdom of Serbia. Bulgaria enters the war, also invading Serbia. The Serbian First Army retreats towards Greece.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373518749#October", "title": "1915", "revid": 1373518749, "section": "Events › October"}}, {"year": 1923, "year_label": "1923 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "June 9", "text": "June 9 – Bulgarian coup d'état of 1923: A military coup in Bulgaria ousts prime minister Aleksandar Stamboliyski (he is killed June 14).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367772921#May–June", "title": "1923", "revid": 1367772921, "section": "Events › May–June"}}, {"year": 1923, "year_label": "1923 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "July 24", "text": "July 24 – The Treaty of Lausanne (1923), settling the boundaries of the modern Republic of Turkey, is signed in Switzerland by Greece, Bulgaria and other countries that fought in the First World War, bringing an end to the Ottoman Empire after 624 years.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367772921#July–August", "title": "1923", "revid": 1367772921, "section": "Events › July–August"}}, {"year": 1925, "year_label": "1925 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "October 19", "text": "October 19–29 – Incident at Petrich: A brief conflict occurs between Bulgaria and Greece after a Greek soldier accidentally crosses into the Bulgarian side and is shot by border guards.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367485783#October", "title": "1925", "revid": 1367485783, "section": "Events › October"}}]}