{"slug": "kingdom-of-cyprus", "label": "Kingdom of Cyprus", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_of_Cyprus", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q213638", "qid": "Q213638", "description": "Mediaeval kingdom", "entries": 34, "years": 32, "span": [1160, 1473], "span_label": ["1160 CE", "1473 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Conflict & Security", "count": 12}, {"title": "Deaths", "count": 10}, {"title": "Births", "count": 4}, {"title": "Religion & Belief", "count": 4}, {"title": "Exploration & Expansion", "count": 2}, {"title": "Culture & Society", "count": 1}, {"title": "Disasters & Accidents", "count": 1}], "related": [{"slug": "acre-israel", "label": "Acre, Israel", "shared": 8}, {"slug": "henry-i-of-cyprus", "label": "Henry I of Cyprus", "shared": 6}, {"slug": "egypt-in-the-middle-ages", "label": "Egypt in the Middle Ages", "shared": 4}, {"slug": "kingdom-of-jerusalem", "label": "Kingdom of Jerusalem", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "tyre-lebanon", "label": "Tyre, Lebanon", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "syria", "label": "Syria", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "antioch", "label": "Antioch", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "republic-of-venice", "label": "Republic of Venice", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "kingdom-of-italy-holy-roman-empire", "label": "Kingdom of Italy (Holy Roman Empire)", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "republic-of-genoa", "label": "Republic of Genoa", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "knights-hospitaller", "label": "Knights Hospitaller", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "tripoli-lebanon", "label": "Tripoli, Lebanon", "shared": 2}], "items": [{"year": 1160, "year_label": "1160 CE", "section": "Births", "date": null, "text": "Eschiva of Ibelin, queen of Cyprus (d. 1196)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371224699#Births", "title": "1160", "revid": 1371224699, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 1193, "year_label": "1193 CE", "section": "Births", "date": null, "text": "Alice of Champagne, queen of Cyprus (d. 1246)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367180478#Births", "title": "1193", "revid": 1367180478, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 1193, "year_label": "1193 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "May", "text": "May – The Pisan colony at Tyre plots to seize the city, and hand it over to Guy of Lusignan – the ruler of Cyprus. King Henry I of Jerusalem arrests the ringleaders, and orders that the colony be reduced to only 30 people. The Pisans retaliate, by raiding the coastal villages between Tyre and Acre.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367180478#Levant", "title": "1193", "revid": 1367180478, "section": "Events › By place › Levant"}}, {"year": 1198, "year_label": "1198 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": null, "text": "Spring – Amalric I, ruler of Cyprus, marries Princess Isabella I, daughter of the late King Amalric I. A few days later they are crowned as King and Queen of Jerusalem at Acre. On July 1, Amalric signs a truce with Al-Adil I, sultan of Egypt and Syria, securing the Crusader possessions from Acre to as far as Antioch.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365584676#Levant", "title": "1198", "revid": 1365584676, "section": "Events › By place › Levant"}}, {"year": 1205, "year_label": "1205 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "April 1", "text": "April 1 – Aimery of Cyprus, king of Jerusalem, dies of food poisoning caused by white mullet. He is succeeded by his 9-year-old son Hugh I as ruler of Cyprus. His mother, Queen Isabella I becomes regent over the young boy, but she dies suddenly four days after her husband. The High Court of Cyprus appoints Walter of Montbéliard (brother-in-law of Aimery) as regent and Hugh's guardian.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1357624697#Levant", "title": "1205", "revid": 1357624697, "section": "Events › By place › Levant"}}, {"year": 1210, "year_label": "1210 CE", "section": "Births", "date": null, "text": "unknown date – Alice of Montferrat, queen consort of Cyprus (d. 1233)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1321284058#Births", "title": "1210", "revid": 1321284058, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 1217, "year_label": "1217 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "Summer – Various groups of French knights reach the Italian ports. King Andrew II of Hungary arrives with his army in Split, in Dalmatia. He is joined by German forces, led by Duke Leopold VI (the Glorious). At the end of July, Pope Honorius III orders the crusaders assembled in Italy and Sicily to proceed to Cyprus, but there is no transport provided by the Italian city-states, Venice, Genoa and Pisa.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367488093#Fifth_Crusade", "title": "1217", "revid": 1367488093, "section": "Events › Fifth Crusade"}}, {"year": 1217, "year_label": "1217 CE", "section": "Births", "date": "May 3", "text": "May 3 – Henry I (the Fat), king of Cyprus (d. 1253)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367488093#Births", "title": "1217", "revid": 1367488093, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 1218, "year_label": "1218 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "January 10", "text": "January 10 – Hugh I (or Hugo), king of Cyprus (b. 1195)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1347207200#Deaths", "title": "1218", "revid": 1347207200, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 1220, "year_label": "1220 CE", "section": "Disasters & Accidents", "date": "July", "text": "July – The Crusaders, led by the Knights Hospitaller, raid Burlus, located in the Nile Delta in Egypt. The town is pillaged, but the knights are ambushed on their return, and several Hospitallers, including Grand Master Guérin de Montaigu, are captured. Meanwhile, Sultan Al-Kamil sends an Egyptian squadron down the Rosetta branch of the Nile. It sails to Cyprus, where it finds a Crusader fleet lying off Limassol. During the attack, they sink and capture all the ships, taking many thousands of prisoners.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360552842#Fifth_Crusade", "title": "1220", "revid": 1360552842, "section": "Events › By place › Fifth Crusade"}}, {"year": 1225, "year_label": "1225 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "The 8-year-old Henry I (the Fat) is crowned as king of Cyprus in the Cathedral of Saint Sophia at Nicosia. His uncle Philip of Ibelin orders the coronation, so that when Henry comes of age at fifteen a regency could not be prolonged on the ground that he is not yet crowned.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1333322984#Levant", "title": "1225", "revid": 1333322984, "section": "Events › By place › Levant"}}, {"year": 1229, "year_label": "1229 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "May", "text": "May – Frederick II arrives at Cyprus, where he attends the wedding proxy of the 12-year-old King Henry I (the Fat) to Alice of Montferrat – whose father is one of his staunch supporters in Italy. On June 10, Frederick lands at Brindisi, where the papal army under his father-in-law John of Brienne has invaded the Italian territories in Campania (→ War of the Keys).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367488290#Sixth_Crusade", "title": "1229", "revid": 1367488290, "section": "Events › By place › Sixth Crusade"}}, {"year": 1233, "year_label": "1233 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "War of the Lombards: Lombard forces at Kyrenia surrender to John of Beirut, after a 10-month siege. The defenders, with their personal belongings, are allowed to retire to Tyre. Captured prisoners are exchanged for those held by Richard Filangieri, commander of the Lombards, at Tyre. Cyprus is wholly restored under the rule of the 16-year-old King Henry I (\"the Fat\"). His vassals are rewarded, and loans that they have made are repaid.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367489040#Europe", "title": "1233", "revid": 1367489040, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 1239, "year_label": "1239 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": "September 1", "text": "September 1 – Barons' Crusade: A Crusader force (some 1,500 knights) under King Theobald I of Navarre arrives at Acre. At a council of local barons – most prominently Walter IV of Brienne, Odo of Montbéliard, Balian of Beirut, John of Arsuf, and Balian of Sidon – plans are made to prepare an expedition against the Ayyubids in Egypt. Later, Theobald is joined by some Crusaders from Cyprus.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368650554#Levant", "title": "1239", "revid": 1368650554, "section": "Events › By place › Levant"}}, {"year": 1243, "year_label": "1243 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "June 12", "text": "June 12 – A Crusader force under Balian III, lord of Beirut, captures Tyre after a long siege. The barons seize the citadel on July 10, with the help of Alice, queen of Cyprus, whose forces arrive on June 15. This ending the War of the Lombards.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367489265#Levant", "title": "1243", "revid": 1367489265, "section": "Events › By place › Levant"}}, {"year": 1247, "year_label": "1247 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "June 17", "text": "June 17 – Egyptian forces under Sultan As-Salih Ayyub capture Tiberias and his castle. Mount Tabor and Belvoir Castle are occupied soon afterward. Next, Ayyub moves his army to siege Ascalon – which is defended by a garrison of Knights Hospitaller. They summon the help from Acre and Cyprus.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362480331#Levant", "title": "1247", "revid": 1362480331, "section": "Events › By place › Levant"}}, {"year": 1248, "year_label": "1248 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "September 17", "text": "September 17 – Louis IX arrives at Limassol on the island of Cyprus. He gathers his forces and is well received by King Henry I of Cyprus (\"the Fat\"). The Crusaders are supplemented by nobles from Acre, including Grand Masters Jean de Ronay and Guillaume de Sonnac. Louis prepares a plan of campaign, with Egypt as the prime objective.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1305121866#Seventh_Crusade", "title": "1248", "revid": 1305121866, "section": "Events › By place › Seventh Crusade"}}, {"year": 1249, "year_label": "1249 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "February 16", "text": "February 16 – Louis IX sends Andrew of Longjumeau on a diplomatic mission to meet the \"Great Khan\" of the Mongol Empire. He carries letters from Louis and the Papal States, and rich presents, including a chapel-tent lined with scarlet cloth and embroidered with sacred pictures. From Cyprus he goes to the port of Antioch in Syria and travels for a year to the khan's court at Karakorum.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362150898#Europe", "title": "1249", "revid": 1362150898, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 1253, "year_label": "1253 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "January 18", "text": "January 18 – King Henry I of Cyprus (\"the Fat\") dies and is succeeded by his son Hugh II, who is only a few months old. His mother, Queen Plaisance of Antioch, claims the regency of Cyprus and the titular regency of Jerusalem. The High Court of Cyprus confirms her position, but the barons of Outremer require her attendance in person before they will recognize her. John of Ibelin, count of Jaffa, remains as bailli, and Plaisance contemplates marrying John's youthful son Balian. Meanwhile, King Louis IX of France (\"the Saint\"), still staying at Acre, continues to administer the government.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362664638#Europe", "title": "1253", "revid": 1362664638, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 1254, "year_label": "1254 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": "April 24", "text": "April 24 – Louis IX and his family sail from Acre to France. His boat is nearly wrecked off the coast of Cyprus and later nearly destroyed by fire. In July, the royal party arrives at Hyères in Provence.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1296887805#Levant", "title": "1254", "revid": 1296887805, "section": "Events › By place › Levant"}}, {"year": 1261, "year_label": "1261 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "September 22", "text": "September 22/27 – Plaisance of Antioch, queen consort of Cyprus (b. 1235)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1350011180#Deaths", "title": "1261", "revid": 1350011180, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 1266, "year_label": "1266 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "October 28", "text": "October 28 – A Crusader advance guard is ambushed by the Egyptian garrison of Safed, while local Arabs attack the Crusader camp. The 13-year-old Hugh II, ruler of Cyprus, is advised to retire and withdraw with heavy losses. Meanwhile, Baibars campaigns in Galilee and leads a lightning raid to Tripoli.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1351320651#Levant", "title": "1266", "revid": 1351320651, "section": "Events › By place › Levant"}}, {"year": 1271, "year_label": "1271 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "May", "text": "May–June – Baibars conducts an unsuccessful siege of Tripoli, and also fails in an attempted naval invasion of Cyprus. He sends an Egyptian fleet (some 20 ships) to Limassol, while King Hugh III of Cyprus (\"the Great\") has left for Acre. Due to bad weather and seamanship, 11 ships run aground and the crews fall into the hands of the Cypriots.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1351320596#Levant", "title": "1271", "revid": 1351320596, "section": "Events › By place › Levant"}}, {"year": 1284, "year_label": "1284 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "March 24", "text": "March 24 – Hugh III (\"the Great\"), king of Cyprus (b. 1235)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370723758#Deaths", "title": "1284", "revid": 1370723758, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 1285, "year_label": "1285 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "May 20", "text": "May 20 – John I, king of Cyprus (House of Lusignan) (b. 1268)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1359686470#Deaths", "title": "1285", "revid": 1359686470, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 1286, "year_label": "1286 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "June 4", "text": "June 4 – The 15-year-old Henry II sails from Cyprus and lands in Acre, but is refused entry into the citadel. There, he stays for six weeks in the palace to negotiate an agreement to take over the city from the Angevins.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1363071337#Levant", "title": "1286", "revid": 1363071337, "section": "Events › By place › Levant"}}, {"year": 1289, "year_label": "1289 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "March", "text": "March – The 19-year-old King Henry II sends his younger brother Almalric, with a company of knights and 4 galleys to Tripoli (modern Lebanon). Meanwhile, many non-combatant citizens flee to Cyprus. The Mamluk army arrives before Tripoli and begins the attack with siege engines, while building buches (wooden defensive structures) outside the city on March 25.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1332007955#Levant", "title": "1289", "revid": 1332007955, "section": "Events › By place › Levant"}}, {"year": 1306, "year_label": "1306 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "April 26", "text": "April 26 – French knight Amalric, Lord of Tyre, with the aid of the Knights Templar, stages a Coup d'état against his older brother Henry II, King of Cyprus. Although Henry remains the nominal king, he is confined at the Cypriot city of Strovolos, and Amalric assumes all of the King's powers. Amalric will be assassinated in 1310.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1354973149#April_–_June", "title": "1306", "revid": 1354973149, "section": "Events › April – June"}}, {"year": 1343, "year_label": "1343 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "August 31", "text": "August 31 – A naval league is formed between the Pope, the Republic of Venice, the Knights Hospitaller and the Kingdom of Cyprus, to prepare the Smyrniote Crusades.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1303137540#January–December", "title": "1343", "revid": 1303137540, "section": "Events › January–December"}}, {"year": 1368, "year_label": "1368 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "March 30", "text": "March 30 – Mamluk raid on Cyprus (1368): Ibrahim al-Tazi completes raid by Egypt's Mamluk Sultanate on the Kingdom of Cyprus and begins sending back captured treasure.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371792677#January–March", "title": "1368", "revid": 1371792677, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1382, "year_label": "1382 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "October 13", "text": "October 13 – While being held as a prisoner in the Republic of Genoa, Jacques de Lusignan is elected by a parliament of Cypriot nobles to succeed his nephew, Peter II (who died on September 9), as King of Cyprus.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367364320#October–December", "title": "1382", "revid": 1367364320, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1398, "year_label": "1398 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "September 9", "text": "September 9 – Janus of the House of Poitiers-Lusignan becomes the new King of Cyprus upon the death of his father, King Jacques I, who had reigned since 1382.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370372737#July–September", "title": "1398", "revid": 1370372737, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1432, "year_label": "1432 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "June 29", "text": "June 29 – At Nicosia John II becomes King of Cyprus upon the death of his father, King Janus.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1361998124#April–June", "title": "1432", "revid": 1361998124, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1473, "year_label": "1473 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "July 10", "text": "July 10 – James II, King of Cyprus, dies after a reign of nine years. In that his widow, the Queen Consort Catherine, is eight months pregnant with the couple's son, she becomes Queen Regent and the throne is deemed to remain vacant until the child is born.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1361813739#July–September", "title": "1473", "revid": 1361813739, "section": "Events › July–September"}}]}