{"slug": "laconia", "label": "Laconia", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laconia", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11723836", "qid": "Q11723836", "description": "regional administrative unit of Greece since 2011", "entries": 8, "years": 8, "span": [-683, 1263], "span_label": ["684 BCE", "1263 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Conflict & Security", "count": 4}, {"title": "Culture & Society", "count": 2}, {"title": "Exploration & Expansion", "count": 1}, {"title": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "count": 1}], "related": [{"slug": "sparta", "label": "Sparta", "shared": 5}, {"slug": "nabis-of-sparta", "label": "Nabis of Sparta", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "greece", "label": "Greece", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "peloponnese", "label": "Peloponnese", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "achaean-league", "label": "Achaean League", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "athens", "label": "Athens", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "achaemenid-empire", "label": "Achaemenid Empire", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "conon", "label": "Conon", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "pharnabazus-5th-century-bc", "label": "Pharnabazus (5th century BC)", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "thebes-greece", "label": "Thebes, Greece", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "epaminondas", "label": "Epaminondas", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "mantinea", "label": "Mantinea", "shared": 1}], "items": [{"year": -683, "year_label": "684 BCE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": null, "text": "684 BC—Cleoptolemus of Laconia wins the stadion race at the 24th Olympic Games.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368318910#Events_and_trends", "title": "680s BC", "revid": 1368318910, "section": "Events and trends"}}, {"year": -675, "year_label": "676 BCE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": null, "text": "Callisthenes of Laconia wins the stadion race at the 26th Olympic Games.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370510319#Greece", "title": "676 BC", "revid": 1370510319, "section": "Events › By place › Greece"}}, {"year": -392, "year_label": "393 BCE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": null, "text": "The Athenian general Conon and the Persian satrap Pharnabazus sail to mainland Greece, where they raid the coast of Laconia and seize the island of Cythera, where they leave a garrison and an Athenian governor.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1363862420#Greece", "title": "393 BC", "revid": 1363862420, "section": "Events › By place › Greece"}}, {"year": -368, "year_label": "369 BCE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "After driving off the Spartan army that has threatened Mantinea, Epaminondas of Thebes moves south and crosses the Evrotas River (the frontier of Sparta), which no hostile army has breached in historical memory. The Spartans, unwilling to engage the massive Theban army in battle, remain inside their city while the Thebans and their allies ravage Laconia.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1256893468#Greece", "title": "369 BC", "revid": 1256893468, "section": "Events › By place › Greece"}}, {"year": -195, "year_label": "196 BCE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Flamininus accuses the Spartan ruler, Nabis, of tyranny, takes Gythium in Laconia and forces Nabis to surrender Argos.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1354172645#Roman_Republic", "title": "196 BC", "revid": 1354172645, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Republic"}}, {"year": -191, "year_label": "192 BCE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "When Philopoemen reenters Laconia for a second attempt, his forces are ambushed by the Spartan tyrant, Nabis, but nevertheless Philopoemen manages to gain a victory over the Spartan forces.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1342604594#Greece", "title": "192 BC", "revid": 1342604594, "section": "Events › By place › Greece"}}, {"year": -187, "year_label": "188 BCE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": null, "text": "The leader of the Achaean League, Philopoemen, enters northern Laconia with his army and a group of Spartan exiles. His army demolishes the wall that the former tyrant of Sparta, Nabis, has built around Sparta. Philopoemen then restores Spartan citizenship to the exiles and abolishes Spartan law, introducing Achaean law in its place. Sparta's role as a major power in Greece ends, while the Achaean League becomes the dominant power throughout the Peloponnese.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369560521#Greece", "title": "188 BC", "revid": 1369560521, "section": "Events › By place › Greece"}}, {"year": 1263, "year_label": "1263 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Summer – Emperor Michael VIII Palaiologos sends a Byzantine expeditionary force (some 3,500 men) led by his half-brother, Constantine Palaiologos, to the Peloponnese in southern Greece. The army is transported to Monemvasia on Genoese ships, while a small Byzantine fleet is sent to harass the Latin island holdings in Euboea and the Cyclades. After arriving at Monemvasia, Constantine lays siege to Sparta, while the Byzantine fleet seizes the southern coast of Laconia.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1296179530#Byzantine_Empire", "title": "1263", "revid": 1296179530, "section": "Events › By place › Byzantine Empire"}}]}