{"slug": "leipzig", "label": "Leipzig", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leipzig", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2079", "qid": "Q2079", "description": "largest city in Saxony, Germany", "entries": 22, "years": 19, "span": [1165, 1945], "span_label": ["1165 CE", "1945 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Culture & Society", "count": 12}, {"title": "Religion & Belief", "count": 3}, {"title": "Conflict & Security", "count": 2}, {"title": "Exploration & Expansion", "count": 1}, {"title": "Crime & Justice", "count": 1}, {"title": "Deaths", "count": 1}, {"title": "Climate & Environment", "count": 1}, {"title": "Technology & Infrastructure", "count": 1}], "related": [{"slug": "martin-luther", "label": "Martin Luther", "shared": 4}, {"slug": "johann-sebastian-bach", "label": "Johann Sebastian Bach", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "duchy-of-saxony", "label": "Duchy of Saxony", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "lutheranism", "label": "Lutheranism", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "cistercians", "label": "Cistercians", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "wittenberg", "label": "Wittenberg", "shared": 1}], "items": [{"year": 1165, "year_label": "1165 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": null, "text": "Otto II, Margrave of Meissen, grants Leipzig city and market privileges. The city is located at the crossways of the Via Regia and Via Imperii trade routes.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362483614#Europe", "title": "1165", "revid": 1362483614, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 1307, "year_label": "1307 CE", "section": "Crime & Justice", "date": "December 10", "text": "December 10 – Theodoric IV, the ruler of the semi-independent states of Lusatia, Osterland and Thuringia, is murdered at Leipzig by Philip of Nassau. Theodoric is succeeded by Frederick the Brave as ruler of Thuringia and by Otto IV of Brandenburg as ruler of Lusatia. The areas are now part of eastern Germany.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1332007828#October_–_December", "title": "1307", "revid": 1332007828, "section": "Events › October – December"}}, {"year": 1464, "year_label": "1464 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "September 7", "text": "September 7 – At Leipzig, Ernest, Landgrave of Thuringia, 23, becomes the new Elector of Saxony upon the death of his father, Friederich II, while his younger brother Albert III, 21, succeeds his father as the new Duke of Saxony.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367795127#July–September", "title": "1464", "revid": 1367795127, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1489, "year_label": "1489 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": null, "text": "Johannes Widmann publishes his mercantile arithmetic Behende und hüpsche Rechenung auff allen Kauffmanschafft in Leipzig, containing the first printed use of plus and minus signs, to indicate trading surpluses or shortages.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364757252#Date_unknown", "title": "1489", "revid": 1364757252, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1519, "year_label": "1519 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "July 4", "text": "July 4 – Martin Luther joins the debate regarding papal authority, against Johann Eck at Leipzig.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365433723#July–September", "title": "1519", "revid": 1365433723, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1519, "year_label": "1519 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "June 27", "text": "June 27 – The Leipzig Debate begins at the Pleissenburg lecture hall in the German city of Leipzig in Saxony, as Martin Luther defends his ideas on the Protestant Reformation against challenges by Johann Eck, the German leader of the anti-Reformation movement. While there, he is challenged to a theological debate by Johann Eck, the German leader of the anti-Reformation movement. The debate lasts until July 15 and gains new followers to Luther's theology.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365433723#April–June", "title": "1519", "revid": 1365433723, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1523, "year_label": "1523 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "April 4", "text": "April 4 – Under a plan organized by Sister Katharina von Bora and Protestant reformer Martin Luther, fish merchant Leonhard Köppe helps carry out the rescue of Von Bora and other Cistercian Catholic nuns from the Nimbschen Abbey in Germany near Grimma and Leipzig. On the day before Easter, Köppe arrives at the convent under the pretext of bringing delivering herring and other foods to the Abbey, then uses empty barrels to smuggle the nuns to Wittenberg. Von Bora will later become Luther's wife.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369561167#April–June", "title": "1523", "revid": 1369561167, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1539, "year_label": "1539 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "May 25", "text": "May 25 – The inaugural declaration of the Protestant Reformation takes place in Leipzig (now part of Germany) with Martin Luther present, as Duke Henry IV pledges to adopt Lutheranism as the official religion of make the Duchy of Saxony.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366494992#April–June", "title": "1539", "revid": 1366494992, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1616, "year_label": "1616 CE", "section": "Climate & Environment", "date": "December 18", "text": "December 18 – A widely reported earthquake occurs in Leipzig, Germany (also dated December 22).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366307823#November-December", "title": "1616", "revid": 1366307823, "section": "Events › November-December"}}, {"year": 1690, "year_label": "1690 CE", "section": "Technology & Infrastructure", "date": null, "text": "French physicist Denis Papin, while in Leipzig and having observed the mechanical power of atmospheric pressure on his 'digester', builds a working model of a reciprocating steam engine for pumping water, the first of its kind, though not efficient.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369486553#Date_unknown", "title": "1690", "revid": 1369486553, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1724, "year_label": "1724 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "December 25", "text": "December 25 – J. S. Bach leads the first performance of Gelobet seist du, Jesu Christ, BWV 91, in Leipzig, based on Luther's 1524 Christmas hymn.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372325153#October–December", "title": "1724", "revid": 1372325153, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1724, "year_label": "1724 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "October 22", "text": "October 22 – J. S. Bach leads the first performance of Schmücke dich, o liebe Seele (Adorn yourself, O dear soul) in Leipzig on the 20th Sunday after Trinity, based on the communion hymn of the same name.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372325153#October–December", "title": "1724", "revid": 1372325153, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1727, "year_label": "1727 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "February 2", "text": "February 2 – Johann Sebastian Bach's solo cantata, Ich habe genug, BWV 82, premieres in Leipzig.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360176234#January–March", "title": "1727", "revid": 1360176234, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1748, "year_label": "1748 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "Friedrich Gottlieb Klopstock publishes the first three cantos of his epic poem Der Messias in hexameters (anonymously), in Bremer Beiträge (Leipzig).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1361284371#Date_unknown", "title": "1748", "revid": 1361284371, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1777, "year_label": "1777 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "April 1", "text": "April 1 – Friedrich Maximilian Klinger's play Sturm und Drang is premiered by the Seyler Theatre Company in Leipzig, giving its name to the whole Sturm und Drang movement in German literature.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1349829024#April–June", "title": "1777", "revid": 1349829024, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1845, "year_label": "1845 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": null, "text": "Friedrich Engels' treatise The Condition of the Working Class in England is published in Leipzig as Die Lage der arbeitenden Klasse in England.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364939346#Date_unknown", "title": "1845", "revid": 1364939346, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1845, "year_label": "1845 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "March 13", "text": "March 13 – The Violin Concerto by Felix Mendelssohn premieres in Leipzig, with Ferdinand David as soloist.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364939346#January–March", "title": "1845", "revid": 1364939346, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1879, "year_label": "1879 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "January 1", "text": "January 1 – Brahms' Violin Concerto is premiered in Leipzig with Joseph Joachim as soloist and the composer conducting.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365404244#January", "title": "1879", "revid": 1365404244, "section": "Events › January"}}, {"year": 1884, "year_label": "1884 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "December 30", "text": "December 30 – Anton Bruckner's Symphony No. 7 is premiered in Leipzig, bringing the composer his first great success.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364372487#December", "title": "1884", "revid": 1364372487, "section": "Events › December"}}, {"year": 1895, "year_label": "1895 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": null, "text": "The first sample fair (Mustermesse) is held at Leipzig, Germany.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364324653#Date_unknown", "title": "1895", "revid": 1364324653, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1913, "year_label": "1913 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "October 18", "text": "October 18 – The Monument to the Battle of the Nations at Leipzig, Germany is finished.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373505613#October", "title": "1913", "revid": 1373505613, "section": "Events › October"}}, {"year": 1945, "year_label": "1945 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "April", "text": "American troops led by 2nd Infantry Division and 69th Infantry Division capture the city of Leipzig.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371513862#April", "title": "1945", "revid": 1371513862, "section": "Events › April"}}]}