{"slug": "leo-iii-the-isaurian", "label": "Leo III the Isaurian", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leo_III_the_Isaurian", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31755", "qid": "Q31755", "description": "emperor of Byzantine Empire", "entries": 13, "years": 12, "span": [685, 741], "span_label": ["685 CE", "741 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Religion & Belief", "count": 5}, {"title": "Conflict & Security", "count": 2}, {"title": "Culture & Society", "count": 2}, {"title": "Deaths", "count": 2}, {"title": "Births", "count": 1}, {"title": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "count": 1}], "related": [{"slug": "byzantine-empire", "label": "Byzantine Empire", "shared": 8}, {"slug": "constantinople", "label": "Constantinople", "shared": 4}, {"slug": "constantine-v", "label": "Constantine V", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "greece", "label": "Greece", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "italy", "label": "Italy", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "byzantine-iconoclasm", "label": "Byzantine Iconoclasm", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "first-bulgarian-empire", "label": "First Bulgarian Empire", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "decapitation", "label": "Decapitation", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "tervel-of-bulgaria", "label": "Tervel of Bulgaria", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "byzantine-navy", "label": "Byzantine navy", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "greek-fire", "label": "Greek fire", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "sicily", "label": "Sicily", "shared": 1}], "items": [{"year": 685, "year_label": "685 CE", "section": "Births", "date": null, "text": "Leo III, emperor of the Byzantine Empire (d. 741)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364749113#Births", "title": "685", "revid": 1364749113, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 710, "year_label": "710 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": null, "text": "The Byzantine general Leo (future emperor Leo III) recovers the Abkhazia (Caucasus) for the Byzantine Empire, from the Arabs.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340807117#Byzantine_Empire", "title": "710", "revid": 1340807117, "section": "Events › By place › Byzantine Empire"}}, {"year": 717, "year_label": "717 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "March 25", "text": "March 25 – Emperor Theodosios III is deposed after a reign of 1 year and 10 months. He is succeeded by the 32-year-old Leo III the Isaurian, a general (strategos) of the Anatolic Theme (modern Turkey). Theodosios and his son enter the clergy, and he probably becomes bishop of Ephesus. Leo brings an end to the Twenty Years' Anarchy in the Byzantine Empire, which marks the beginning of the so-called Isaurian Dynasty.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340808622#Byzantine_Empire", "title": "717", "revid": 1340808622, "section": "Events › By place › Byzantine Empire"}}, {"year": 719, "year_label": "719 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Ex-Emperor Anastasios II starts a revolt against Leo III with considerable support, including auxiliaries provided by Tervel, emperor (khagan) of the Bulgarian Empire. His attack on Constantinople fails; Anastasios is captured and is put to death (by beheading), on the orders of Leo.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367050525#Byzantine_Empire", "title": "719", "revid": 1367050525, "section": "Events › By place › Byzantine Empire"}}, {"year": 720, "year_label": "720 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": null, "text": "Summer – Emperor Leo III secures the Byzantine frontier, by inviting Slavic settlers into the depopulated districts of the Thracesian Theme (western Asia Minor). He undertakes a set of civil reforms, and reorganizes the theme structure in the Aegean region. Leo's 2-year-old son Constantine V is associated on the throne, and married to Tzitzak, daughter of the Khazar ruler (khagan) Bihar.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1349994139#Byzantine_Empire", "title": "720", "revid": 1349994139, "section": "Events › By place › Byzantine Empire"}}, {"year": 722, "year_label": "722 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "Emperor Leo III enforces the baptism of all Jews and Montanists in the Byzantine Empire.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340808641#Religion", "title": "722", "revid": 1340808641, "section": "Events › By topic › Religion"}}, {"year": 726, "year_label": "726 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "Emperor Leo III issues a series of edicts banning the veneration of images (726–729), and launching the iconoclastic controversies. Most of the clergy – particularly in Italy and Greece – are opposed to these edicts with uncompromising hostility, and in the western parts of the Byzantine Empire the people refuse to obey his religious reforms.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340808661#Byzantine_Empire", "title": "726", "revid": 1340808661, "section": "Events › By place › Byzantine Empire"}}, {"year": 727, "year_label": "727 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "A revolt breaks out in Greece against the religious policies of Emperor Leo III (see 726). A rebel fleet under Agallianos Kontoskeles sets out for Constantinople with Kosmas, an anti-emperor, but is destroyed by the Byzantine fleet through the use of Greek fire.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372352645#Byzantine_Empire", "title": "AD 727", "revid": 1372352645, "section": "Events › By place › Byzantine Empire"}}, {"year": 730, "year_label": "730 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "Tiberius Petasius proclaims himself emperor in Tuscia. Eutychius defeats him with the support of Pope Gregory II, and Tiberius is killed in Monterano, with his head sent to the Byzantine emperor Leo III as a gift.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340808684#Europe", "title": "730", "revid": 1340808684, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 732, "year_label": "732 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": null, "text": "Byzantine Emperor Leo III marries his 15 year old son Constantine to Tzitzak (later baptised as Irene), the daughter of the Khazar Khagan Bihar, as a sign of diplomatic unity between the Byzantine Empire and the Khazar Khaganate.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340808703#Byzantine_Empire", "title": "732", "revid": 1340808703, "section": "Events › By place › Byzantine Empire"}}, {"year": 733, "year_label": "733 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "Emperor Leo III confiscates the papal territories in Sicily and Calabria (Southern Italy), from which Pope Gregory III derives most of his income tax. He transfers ecclesiastical jurisdiction in the former Praetorian prefecture of Illyricum to Anastasius, patriarch of Constantinople. Gregory begins his support of a revolt in Italy against iconoclasm. By now the break between the papacy and the Byzantine Empire is almost complete.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340809659#Byzantine_Empire", "title": "733", "revid": 1340809659, "section": "Events › By place › Byzantine Empire"}}, {"year": 741, "year_label": "741 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "June 18", "text": "June 18 – Emperor Leo III (\"the Isaurian\") dies of dropsy at Constantinople, after a 24-year reign that has saved the Byzantine Empire and delivered Eastern Europe from the threat of an Arab conquest. He is succeeded by his son Constantine V.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1322653390#Byzantine_Empire", "title": "741", "revid": 1322653390, "section": "Events › By place › Byzantine Empire"}}, {"year": 741, "year_label": "741 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "June 18", "text": "June 18 – Leo III, emperor of the Byzantine Empire", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1322653390#Deaths", "title": "741", "revid": 1322653390, "section": "Deaths"}}]}