{"slug": "licinius", "label": "Licinius", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Licinius", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184549", "qid": "Q184549", "description": "Roman emperor from 308 to 324", "entries": 16, "years": 12, "span": [307, 325], "span_label": ["307 CE", "325 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Conflict & Security", "count": 7}, {"title": "Religion & Belief", "count": 6}, {"title": "Crime & Justice", "count": 1}, {"title": "Exploration & Expansion", "count": 1}, {"title": "Deaths", "count": 1}], "related": [{"slug": "constantine-the-great", "label": "Constantine the Great", "shared": 6}, {"slug": "caesar-title", "label": "Caesar (title)", "shared": 4}, {"slug": "augustus-title", "label": "Augustus (title)", "shared": 4}, {"slug": "sirmium", "label": "Sirmium", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "byzantine-empire", "label": "Byzantine Empire", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "galerius", "label": "Galerius", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "christians", "label": "Christians", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "roman-empire", "label": "Roman Empire", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "milan", "label": "Milan", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "mediolanum", "label": "Mediolanum", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "nicomedia", "label": "Nicomedia", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "thrace", "label": "Thrace", "shared": 2}], "items": [{"year": 307, "year_label": "307 CE", "section": "Crime & Justice", "date": "November 11", "text": "November 11 – Following the murder of Severus, Galerius promotes Licinius to Augustus.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1335486111#Roman_Empire", "title": "307", "revid": 1335486111, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Empire"}}, {"year": 308, "year_label": "308 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "November 11", "text": "November 11 – The Conference of Carnuntum: Attempting to keep peace within the Roman Empire, Galerius recalls Diocletian briefly from retirement, and they convene with Maximian. Diocletian persuades Maximian to return to retirement, and he and Galerius declare Maxentius a public enemy. Licinius is proclaimed Augustus of the west, while rival contender Constantine I is again declared Caesar.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1330171358#Roman_Empire", "title": "308", "revid": 1330171358, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Empire"}}, {"year": 310, "year_label": "310 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Licinius campaigns with success against the Carpi.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1349300512#Roman_Empire", "title": "310", "revid": 1349300512, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Empire"}}, {"year": 310, "year_label": "310 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "Maximinus Daza, caesar under Emperor Galerius, is acclaimed augustus by his troops. Galerius is forced to recognize him as co-ruler of the East. The Roman Empire is thus divided between seven simultaneous emperors: Galerius (East), Maximinus II (East), Licinius (Middle), Constantine I (West), Maximian (West), Maxentius (Italy), and Domitius Alexander (Africa).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1349300512#Roman_Empire", "title": "310", "revid": 1349300512, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Empire"}}, {"year": 311, "year_label": "311 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "Maximinus Daza and Licinius divide the Eastern Empire between themselves.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1330160941#Roman_Empire", "title": "AD 311", "revid": 1330160941, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Empire"}}, {"year": 312, "year_label": "312 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Constantine forges an alliance with co-emperor Licinius, and offers him his half-sister, Constantia, in marriage. The Praetorian Guard and Imperial Horse Guard (equites singulares Augusti) are disbanded.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369557372#Roman_Empire", "title": "312", "revid": 1369557372, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Empire"}}, {"year": 313, "year_label": "313 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "February", "text": "February: Emperors Constantine I and Licinius convene in Mediolanum (modern Milan). Licinius marries Constantine's half-sister Constantia, and they issue the Edict of Milan. This edict ends the Great Persecution against the Christians and is the first piece of legislation in western history to decree freedom of religion. It also returns property confiscated from Christians. The edict is posted in Nicomedia on June 13.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1330160715#Roman_Empire", "title": "313", "revid": 1330160715, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Empire"}}, {"year": 313, "year_label": "313 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "February 3", "text": "February 3 – Edict of Milan: Constantine the Great and co-emperor Licinius meet at a conference in Mediolanum (modern Milan). They proclaim a policy of religious freedom for all, ending the persecution of Christians in the Roman Empire and returning property confiscated from Christians. The edict is posted in Nicomedia on June 13.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1330160715#Religion", "title": "313", "revid": 1330160715, "section": "Events › By topic › Religion"}}, {"year": 315, "year_label": "315 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": null, "text": "Constantine the Great and co-emperor Licinius battle the Sarmates, the Goths and the Carpians along the Danube. Constantine leads a punitive expedition into Dacia and reestablishes the Roman fortifications of the frontier.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1330160516#Roman_Empire", "title": "315", "revid": 1330160516, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Empire"}}, {"year": 316, "year_label": "316 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Constantine I sends his half-brother Julius Constantius to Licinius at Sirmium (Pannonia), with the proposal to accept Bassianus as Caesar and give him power over Italy. Licinius refuses, and forces a conspiracy against Constantine.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364758307#Roman_Empire", "title": "316", "revid": 1364758307, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Empire"}}, {"year": 316, "year_label": "316 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "October 8", "text": "October 8 – Battle of Cibalae: Constantine the Great defeats his rival Licinius near the town of Colonia Aurelia Cibalae (modern-day Vinkovci, Croatia). Licinius is forced to flee to Sirmium and loses all of the Balkans except for Thrace. Peace negotiations are initiated between the two Augusti, but they are unsuccessful.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364758307#Roman_Empire", "title": "316", "revid": 1364758307, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Empire"}}, {"year": 317, "year_label": "317 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "March 1", "text": "March 1 – Emperor Constantine the Great and co-emperor Licinius elevate their sons Crispus, Constantine II and Licinius II to Caesars. After this arrangement Constantine rules the dioceses Pannonia and Macedonia, and establishes his residence at Sirmium, from where he prepares a campaign against the Goths and Sarmatians.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1330159511#Roman_Empire", "title": "317", "revid": 1330159511, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Empire"}}, {"year": 320, "year_label": "320 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "Licinius reneges on the religious freedom promised by the Edict of Milan, and begins a new persecution of Christians in the Eastern Roman Empire. He imprisons Christians, confiscates their properties and destroys churches.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1330750501#Roman_Empire", "title": "320", "revid": 1330750501, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Empire"}}, {"year": 324, "year_label": "324 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "July 3", "text": "July 3 – Battle of Adrianople: Emperor Constantine the Great defeats his rival Licinius near Adrianople, forcing him to retreat to Byzantium. Constantine then invades Thrace with a Visigothic force and raids the countryside.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364737678#Roman_Empire", "title": "324", "revid": 1364737678, "section": "Events › Roman Empire"}}, {"year": 325, "year_label": "325 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Constantine has deposed Emperors Licinius and Martinian executed in Thessalonica and Cappadocia respectively for conspiring and raising troops against him.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1291934511#Roman_Empire", "title": "325", "revid": 1291934511, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Empire"}}, {"year": 325, "year_label": "325 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Licinius, deposed Roman emperor (executed)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1291934511#Deaths", "title": "325", "revid": 1291934511, "section": "Deaths"}}]}