{"slug": "lisbon", "label": "Lisbon", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lisbon", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q597", "qid": "Q597", "description": "municipality and capital city of Portugal", "entries": 52, "years": 50, "span": [469, 2025], "span_label": ["469 CE", "2025 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Conflict & Security", "count": 16}, {"title": "Exploration & Expansion", "count": 10}, {"title": "Culture & Society", "count": 7}, {"title": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "count": 5}, {"title": "Disasters & Accidents", "count": 4}, {"title": "Crime & Justice", "count": 2}, {"title": "Technology & Infrastructure", "count": 2}, {"title": "Science & Discovery", "count": 2}, {"title": "Religion & Belief", "count": 2}, {"title": "Climate & Environment", "count": 2}], "related": [{"slug": "portugal", "label": "Portugal", "shared": 5}, {"slug": "kingdom-of-portugal", "label": "Kingdom of Portugal", "shared": 5}, {"slug": "war-of-the-spanish-succession", "label": "War of the Spanish Succession", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "almohad-caliphate", "label": "Almohad Caliphate", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "ceuta", "label": "Ceuta", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "europe", "label": "Europe", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "coimbra", "label": "Coimbra", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "crown-of-castile", "label": "Crown of Castile", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "afonso-v-of-portugal", "label": "Afonso V of Portugal", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "kingdom-of-england", "label": "Kingdom of England", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "palestine-region", "label": "Palestine (region)", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "spain", "label": "Spain", "shared": 1}], "items": [{"year": 469, "year_label": "469 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Roman lord Lusidius surrenders Lisbon to the Suevi.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360138926#Roman_Empire", "title": "469", "revid": 1360138926, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Empire"}}, {"year": 798, "year_label": "798 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "King Alfonso II of Asturias campaigns against the Arab Muslims in Al-Andalus. With Frankish military support, he raids into Andalusia and sacks Lisbon (modern Portugal).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340848766#Iberia", "title": "798", "revid": 1340848766, "section": "Events › By place › Iberia"}}, {"year": 1095, "year_label": "1095 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": null, "text": "The Second County of Portugal is established by Count Henry of Burgundy. The Almoravids start pushing back the forces of King Alfonso VI (\"the Brave\") to the positions they occupied a decade earlier. This offensive begins with the re-conquest of Lisbon, which had been given away to Castile in 1091.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365264485#Europe", "title": "1095", "revid": 1365264485, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 1108, "year_label": "1108 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Spring – King Sigurd I sails from England, on the Norwegian Crusade to Palestine. He repels a Muslim fleet near the Tagus River, then attacks Sintra, Lisbon and Alcácer do Sal, and finally defeats a second Muslim fleet further south.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362166699#Europe", "title": "1108", "revid": 1362166699, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 1147, "year_label": "1147 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "July 1", "text": "July 1–October 25 – Siege of Lisbon: King Afonso I of Portugal conquers Lisbon from the Taifa of Badajoz after a four-month siege, with support of English, Flemish and German Crusaders. The garrison surrenders on the guarantee that their lives will be spared. The Crusaders break the terms and take part in a bloody massacre. Afonso rules from his capital at Coimbra, takes Sintra and Santarém, and sacks Palmela.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362163362#Second_Crusade", "title": "1147", "revid": 1362163362, "section": "Events › By place › Second Crusade"}}, {"year": 1148, "year_label": "1148 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": "February 1", "text": "February 1 – A small Crusader fleet of Genoese and English ships sets sail from Lisbon for the Holy Land. The Anglo-Flemish Crusader fleet takes Oran.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362156256#Europe", "title": "1148", "revid": 1362156256, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 1175, "year_label": "1175 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Under the admirals of the clan Banu Mardanish, an Almohad fleet suffers a large defeat at the hand of the Portuguese, as they are trying to re-conquer Lisbon.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362172106#Europe", "title": "1175", "revid": 1362172106, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 1179, "year_label": "1179 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "September 17", "text": "September 17 – A large offensive, by the Almohad army led by Yusuf I in southern Portugal, aims at the reconquest of the Alentejo. Further north, an Almohad fleet sails to attack Lisbon, but is repelled by the Portuguese, near the Cape Espichel. The Portuguese fleet later manages to enter in the harbour of Ceuta, and destroy a number of Muslim ships. It is the beginning of a four-year naval conflict between the Almohads and Portuguese.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1363299926#Africa", "title": "1179", "revid": 1363299926, "section": "Events › By place › Africa"}}, {"year": 1184, "year_label": "1184 CE", "section": "Disasters & Accidents", "date": null, "text": "Summer – Almohad forces reconquer the Alentejo (except for Évora), and besiege Lisbon on land and blockade the port with their navy. A Portuguese soldier manages to swim to the largest ship of the fleet and to sink it. This ship was so tall, it would have allowed the Muslims easily to reach the walls of the city. The next day, the Almohads have to retreat, taking with them a number of civilian captives.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362173180#Europe", "title": "1184", "revid": 1362173180, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 1255, "year_label": "1255 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": null, "text": "King Afonso III of Portugal (\"the Boulonnais\") moves his residence and royal court from Lisbon to Coimbra, which becomes the capital of Portugal.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1315790496#Europe", "title": "1255", "revid": 1315790496, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 1282, "year_label": "1282 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "June 26", "text": "June 26 – King Denis of Portugal (\"the Poet King\") marries the 11-year-old Elizabeth of Aragon, daughter of Peter III, in Trancoso. Elizabeth receives the towns of Óbidos, Abrantes and Porto de Mós as part of her dowry. Denis, known for his poetry, writes several poems and books, with topics of administration and hunting. During his reign, Lisbon becomes one of Europe's centers of art and culture.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1359685493#Europe", "title": "1282", "revid": 1359685493, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 1290, "year_label": "1290 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "March 1", "text": "March 1 – The University of Coimbra is founded in Lisbon by Denis I (\"the Poet King\"). He decrees that Portuguese is the official language of Portugal, replacing classical Latin in that capacity.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1343598991#Education", "title": "1290", "revid": 1343598991, "section": "Events › By topic › Education"}}, {"year": 1373, "year_label": "1373 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "A city wall is built around Lisbon, Portugal to resist invasion by Castile.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369605206#Date_unknown", "title": "1373", "revid": 1369605206, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1373, "year_label": "1373 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "March 7", "text": "March 7 – Second Ferdinand War: The Battle of Lisbon is fought off the coast of the capital of the Kingdom of Portugal. The attack by the Crown of Castile, by 12 galleys led by Ambrosio Boccanegra, disperses the 21 ships of the defending Portuguese navy", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369605206#January–March", "title": "1373", "revid": 1369605206, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1383, "year_label": "1383 CE", "section": "Crime & Justice", "date": "September 12", "text": "September 12 – Shortly before his death, King Fernando I of Portugal creates the kingdom's first police force, the Quadrilheiros, initially consisting of 20 of the strongest men in Lisbon, and gives them the authority to arrest criminals. The concept of a city police force is expanded to other communities and becomes the basis for the Polícia de Segurança Pública.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360411139#July–September", "title": "1383", "revid": 1360411139, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1384, "year_label": "1384 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "July 19", "text": "July 19 – Portugal's Navy, with 34 ships, breaks the Castilian blockade of bhe besieged city of Lisbon, defeating a force of 53 Castilian ships in the Battle of Tejo.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369176313#July–September", "title": "1384", "revid": 1369176313, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1389, "year_label": "1389 CE", "section": "Technology & Infrastructure", "date": null, "text": "Carmo Convent is built in Lisbon, Portugal.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360559797#Date_unknown", "title": "1389", "revid": 1360559797, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1447, "year_label": "1447 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "May 6", "text": "May 6 – In a royal wedding at Lisbon, King Afonso V of Portugal is married to his first cousin, Princess Isabel of Coimbra, when both of them are 15 years old. Isabel is the daughter of Afonso's uncle, Dom Pedro, Duke of Coimbra, who continues to serve as the regent for King Afonso.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1359486325#April_–_June", "title": "1447", "revid": 1359486325, "section": "Events › April – June"}}, {"year": 1455, "year_label": "1455 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "June 25", "text": "June 25 – Prince João, the new son of King Afonso V of Portugal, is approved as the heir to the throne by the representatives of the three estates of the realm (nobility, clergy and bourgeoisie) in the Portuguese Cortes at Lisbon.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371446040#April–June", "title": "1455", "revid": 1371446040, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1493, "year_label": "1493 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": "March 4", "text": "March 4 – Christopher Columbus anchors in Lisbon and completes his February 15 letter on the first voyage, conveying the news of his discoveries.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371631093#January–March", "title": "1493", "revid": 1371631093, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1497, "year_label": "1497 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": "July 8", "text": "July 8 – Vasco da Gama's fleet departs from Lisbon, beginning his expedition to India.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372862240#July–September", "title": "1497", "revid": 1372862240, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1499, "year_label": "1499 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": "September 18", "text": "September 18 – Vasco da Gama arrives at Lisbon, returning from India, and is received by King Manuel of Portugal.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369343359#July–September", "title": "1499", "revid": 1369343359, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1501, "year_label": "1501 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": "July 21", "text": "July 21 – Portuguese explorer Pedro Álvares Cabral and his surviving crew return to Lisbon at the end of a 15-month expedition to India, with only seven of their original fleet of 13 ships. The cargo from India, however, returns a profit to the Portuguese crown of nine times its investment.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360582028#July–September", "title": "1501", "revid": 1360582028, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1506, "year_label": "1506 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": null, "text": "Duarte Barbosa returns to Lisbon.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368141766#Date_unknown", "title": "1506", "revid": 1368141766, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1515, "year_label": "1515 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "May 20", "text": "May 20 – \"Ulysses\", the first known rhinoceros in Europe, arrives at Lisbon in Portugal after being brought by ship from India.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362498078#April–June", "title": "1515", "revid": 1362498078, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1536, "year_label": "1536 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": "June 26", "text": "June 26 – Spanish navigator Andrés de Urdaneta and a few companions arrive in Lisbon from the Maluku Islands, completing a westward circumnavigation which began with the Loaísa expedition of 1525.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366494676#April–June", "title": "1536", "revid": 1366494676, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1541, "year_label": "1541 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": "April 7", "text": "April 7 – Francis Xavier leaves Lisbon, on a mission to the Portuguese East Indies.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1361813253#April–June", "title": "1541", "revid": 1361813253, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1557, "year_label": "1557 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "February 4", "text": "February 4 – Pope Paul IV creates the metropolitan archdiocese of Portuguese India (based in Goa) separating the Goan diocese from the ecclesiastical province of Lisbon.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365955110#January–March", "title": "1557", "revid": 1365955110, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1562, "year_label": "1562 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "March 24", "text": "March 24 – Portuguese Navy Captain Álvaro de Carvalho reaches Mazagan in Morocco with a relief force that includes 600 well-equipped troops. Another force of 1,565 volunteers arrives on March 26 from Lisbon.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362000458#January–March", "title": "1562", "revid": 1362000458, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1580, "year_label": "1580 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "July 24", "text": "July 24 – Portuguese succession crisis of 1580: António, Prior of Crato, a grandson of the late King Manuel by Manuel's second son, the Duke of Beja is proclaimed King of Portugal by his supporters in the city of Santarém, and popular acclamation follows in Lisbon and other locations. Portugal's parliament, the Cortes, refuses to acknowledge Antonio and he is defeated 32 days later at Alcântara.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369376205#July–September", "title": "1580", "revid": 1369376205, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1616, "year_label": "1616 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": null, "text": "The Ottoman Empire attempts landings at the shoreline between Cádiz and Lisbon.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366307823#Date_unknown", "title": "1616", "revid": 1366307823, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1650, "year_label": "1650 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "March 10", "text": "March 10 – The Commonwealth of England's navy Robert Blake blockades a surviving English Royalist fleet commanded by Prince Rupert of the Rhine in the Tagus estuary at Lisbon. Rupert breaks out on October 12.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373388330#January–March", "title": "1650", "revid": 1373388330, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1668, "year_label": "1668 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "February 13", "text": "February 13 – In Lisbon, a peace treaty is established between Afonso VI of Portugal and Carlos II of Spain, by mediation of Charles II of England, in which the legitimacy of the Portuguese monarch is recognized. Portugal yields Ceuta to Spain.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365989896#January–March", "title": "1668", "revid": 1365989896, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1704, "year_label": "1704 CE", "section": "Disasters & Accidents", "date": "March 23", "text": "March 23 – War of the Spanish Succession: The English Navy ships HMS Kent, HMS Bedford and HMS Antelope intercept two newly-built Spanish warships, Porta Coeli and Santa Teresa off of the coast of Cape Spartel, as the Spaniards attempt to sail into the Strait of Gibraltar. The two Spanish ships are captured after a seven-hour battle and taken toward Lisbon, but the Santa Teresa sinks along the way.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1358992532#January–March", "title": "1704", "revid": 1358992532, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1704, "year_label": "1704 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "March 7", "text": "March 7 – War of the Spanish Succession: Prince Karl of Habsburg, brother of Joseph I, the Holy Roman Emperor and a pretender to the throne of Spain, arrives in Portugal on the English warship HMS Royal Katherine as part of George Rooke's English fleet sailing into Lisbon.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1358992532#January–March", "title": "1704", "revid": 1358992532, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1707, "year_label": "1707 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "January 1", "text": "January 1 – John V is crowned King of Portugal and the Algarves in Lisbon.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1346936133#January–March", "title": "1707", "revid": 1346936133, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1720, "year_label": "1720 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": null, "text": "The Academia Real da Historia is founded in Lisbon, Portugal.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1358044251#Date_unknown", "title": "1720", "revid": 1358044251, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1761, "year_label": "1761 CE", "section": "Climate & Environment", "date": "March 31", "text": "March 31 – An 8.5 magnitude earthquake strikes Lisbon in the Kingdom of Portugal, with effects felt as far north as Scotland, but few deaths are reported because of censorship by the Portuguese government.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369831762#January–March", "title": "1761", "revid": 1369831762, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1765, "year_label": "1765 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "In Lisbon, the auto-da-fé parade (often an excuse for violence against Jews or Christian 'heretics') is abolished.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373039097#Date_unknown", "title": "1765", "revid": 1373039097, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1807, "year_label": "1807 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "November 29", "text": "November 29 – Portuguese Queen Maria I and the Court embark at Lisbon, bound for Brazil. Rio de Janeiro becomes the Portuguese capital.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362733939#October–December", "title": "1807", "revid": 1362733939, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1810, "year_label": "1810 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "August 27", "text": "August 27 – Peninsular War: Siege of Almeida: French forces under André Masséna capture the fortified city of Almeida before the advance toward Lisbon.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1357106545#July–September", "title": "1810", "revid": 1357106545, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1820, "year_label": "1820 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "September 15", "text": "September 15 – Revolution breaks out in Lisbon against John VI of Portugal.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368795492#July–September", "title": "1820", "revid": 1368795492, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1908, "year_label": "1908 CE", "section": "Crime & Justice", "date": "February 1", "text": "February 1 – Lisbon Regicide: King Carlos I of Portugal and Prince Luis Filipe are shot dead in Lisbon.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373410903#February", "title": "1908", "revid": 1373410903, "section": "Events › February"}}, {"year": 1910, "year_label": "1910 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "October 5", "text": "October 5 – 5 October 1910 revolution: The First Portuguese Republic is proclaimed in Lisbon; King Manuel II of Portugal flees to England.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373495790#October", "title": "1910", "revid": 1373495790, "section": "Events › October"}}, {"year": 1911, "year_label": "1911 CE", "section": "Disasters & Accidents", "date": "April 18", "text": "April 18 – , a 5,557-ton Portuguese passenger liner en route from Mozambique to Lisbon, strikes Bellows Rock just off Cape Point and sinks.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373497014#April", "title": "1911", "revid": 1373497014, "section": "Events › April"}}, {"year": 1919, "year_label": "1919 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": "May 8", "text": "May 8–27 – United States Navy Curtiss flying boat NC-4, commanded by Albert Cushing Read, makes the first transatlantic flight, from Naval Air Station Rockaway to Lisbon via Trepassey, Newfoundland (departs May 16) and the Azores (arrives May 17). (On May 30–31 it flies on to Plymouth in England.)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373508849#May", "title": "1919", "revid": 1373508849, "section": "Events › May"}}, {"year": 1927, "year_label": "1927 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "February 7", "text": "February 7 – An attempted military coup in Lisbon, Portugal, is successfully put down.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370012373#February", "title": "1927", "revid": 1370012373, "section": "Events › February"}}, {"year": 1966, "year_label": "1966 CE", "section": "Technology & Infrastructure", "date": "August 6", "text": "August 6 – The Salazar Bridge (later the 25 de Abril Bridge) opens in Lisbon, Portugal.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370246126#August", "title": "1966", "revid": 1370246126, "section": "Events › August"}}, {"year": 1967, "year_label": "1967 CE", "section": "Climate & Environment", "date": "November 26", "text": "November 26 – Major floods hit Lisbon, Portugal, killing 462.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370160888#November", "title": "1967", "revid": 1370160888, "section": "Events › November"}}, {"year": 1980, "year_label": "1980 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": "April 10", "text": "April 10 – In Lisbon, Portugal, the governments of Spain and the United Kingdom agree to reopen the border between Gibraltar and Spain (closed since 1969) in 1985.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1363797378#April", "title": "1980", "revid": 1363797378, "section": "Events › April"}}, {"year": 2018, "year_label": "2018 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "May 8", "text": "May 8–12 – The Eurovision Song Contest 2018 is held in Lisbon, Portugal, and is won by Israeli entrant Netta Barzilai with the song \"Toy\".", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373090883#May", "title": "2018", "revid": 1373090883, "section": "Events › May"}}, {"year": 2025, "year_label": "2025 CE", "section": "Disasters & Accidents", "date": "September 3", "text": "September 3 – At least 16 people are killed and over 21 are injured after the Glória funicular derailment in the centre of Lisbon, Portugal.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372865033#September", "title": "2025", "revid": 1372865033, "section": "Events › September"}}]}