{"slug": "louis-viii-of-france", "label": "Louis VIII of France", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_VIII_of_France", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q165284", "qid": "Q165284", "description": "King of France 1223-1226 (1187–1226)", "entries": 11, "years": 10, "span": [1187, 1271], "span_label": ["1187 CE", "1271 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Conflict & Security", "count": 5}, {"title": "Deaths", "count": 3}, {"title": "Births", "count": 1}, {"title": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "count": 1}, {"title": "Culture & Society", "count": 1}], "related": [{"slug": "philip-ii-of-france", "label": "Philip II of France", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "county-of-toulouse", "label": "County of Toulouse", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "henry-iii-of-england", "label": "Henry III of England", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "kingdom-of-england", "label": "Kingdom of England", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "london", "label": "London", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "winchester", "label": "Winchester", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "old-st-paul-s-cathedral", "label": "Old St Paul's Cathedral", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "paris", "label": "Paris", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "kingdom-of-sicily", "label": "Kingdom of Sicily", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "charles-i-of-anjou", "label": "Charles I of Anjou", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "provence", "label": "Provence", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "marseille", "label": "Marseille", "shared": 1}], "items": [{"year": 1187, "year_label": "1187 CE", "section": "Births", "date": "September 5", "text": "September 5 – Louis VIII (the Lion), French king (d. 1226)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369187098#Births", "title": "1187", "revid": 1369187098, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 1215, "year_label": "1215 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "May 5", "text": "May 5 – Robert Fitzwalter is elected by the Barons as their general, with the title of \"Marshal of the Army of God and Holy Church\". He solemnly renounces his homage to John of England and begins to siege Northampton Castle. While this fails, Robert consolidates his forces. He turns to Prince Louis of France, son and heir apparent of King Philip II for support.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1359458031#Europe", "title": "1215", "revid": 1359458031, "section": "Events › By continent › Europe"}}, {"year": 1216, "year_label": "1216 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "May 21", "text": "May 21 – Prince Louis of France, son of King Philip II (\"Augustus\"), invades England in support of the barons, landing in Thanet. He enters London without opposition, and is proclaimed, but not crowned, King of England at Old St Paul's Cathedral. In June, Louis captures Rochester Castle and Winchester, and soon controls over half of the English kingdom.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371079230#Europe", "title": "1216", "revid": 1371079230, "section": "Events › By continent › Europe"}}, {"year": 1217, "year_label": "1217 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Spring – First Barons' War: English forces of King Henry III besiege the French-controlled Mountsorrel Castle in Leicestershire. Prince Louis sends reinforcements (some 20,000 men) to assist the Barons in the castle. The English army lifts the siege and withdraws to Nottingham. Louis makes the mistake of moving the French forces to Lincoln Castle – where the English garrison holds out against previous attacks. Meanwhile, Henry's forces return to Mountsorrel Castle. This time Louis fails to arrive in time to prevent the razing to the ground of the castle.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367488093#Europe", "title": "1217", "revid": 1367488093, "section": "Events › Other events by place › Europe"}}, {"year": 1223, "year_label": "1223 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "July 14", "text": "July 14 – Philip II, King of France dies of a fever while traveling to Paris. He is succeeded by his son Louis \"the Lion\", who takes the name King Louis VIII.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1336497375#July–September", "title": "1223", "revid": 1336497375, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1224, "year_label": "1224 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "May 5", "text": "May 5 – King Louis VIII (the Lion) declares war on King Henry III of England. He allies himself with Hugh X of Lusignan and invades first Poitou and then Northern Gascony. The English forces in Poitou are under-strength and lack support from the Poitevin nobles; as a result, the province quickly falls into French hands by the end of June.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369561506#April_–_June", "title": "1224", "revid": 1369561506, "section": "Events › April – June"}}, {"year": 1224, "year_label": "1224 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "November 24", "text": "November 24 – Representatives of King Louis VIII of France and Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor, sign a treaty at Catania, providing that neither of the monarchs would harbor rebels from the other.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369561506#October_–_December", "title": "1224", "revid": 1369561506, "section": "Events › October – December"}}, {"year": 1226, "year_label": "1226 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "June 7", "text": "June 7 – King Louis VIII of France begins the Crusade against the Cathars (Albigensians) in southern France and against Raymond VII, count of Count of Toulouse. Over the next three months, the Crusaders capture the cities of Béziers, Carcassonne, Beaucaire and Marseille and by Avignon's surrender on September 9, Louis forces the region of Languedoc into submission, and reasserts his authority upon the autonomous municipalities of his estates. Most cities have to accept the authority of Ramon Berenguer IV, count of Provence, but Marseille and Nice rebel.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372695704#April_–_June", "title": "1226", "revid": 1372695704, "section": "Events › April – June"}}, {"year": 1252, "year_label": "1252 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "November 27", "text": "November 27 – Blanche of Castile, queen of Louis VIII of France and regent of France (b. 1188)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365269919#Deaths", "title": "1252", "revid": 1365269919, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 1261, "year_label": "1261 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "August 29", "text": "August 29 – Urban IV offers the crown of Sicily to Charles of Anjou, youngest son of King Louis VIII of France, hoping to strengthen his position.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1350011180#Religion", "title": "1261", "revid": 1350011180, "section": "Events › By topic › Religion"}}, {"year": 1271, "year_label": "1271 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "August 21", "text": "August 21 – The counties of Poitou and Toulouse are absorbed into the French domains following the death of Alphonse, Count of Poitiers, son of the late King Louis VIII of France.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1351320596#Europe", "title": "1271", "revid": 1351320596, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}]}