{"slug": "lviv", "label": "Lviv", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lviv", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36036", "qid": "Q36036", "description": "capital city of Lviv Oblast in western Ukraine", "entries": 10, "years": 9, "span": [965, 1944], "span_label": ["965 CE", "1944 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Conflict & Security", "count": 7}, {"title": "Religion & Belief", "count": 1}, {"title": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "count": 1}, {"title": "Deaths", "count": 1}], "also_known_as": ["Lemberg", "Lvov", "Lwów"], "related": [{"slug": "duchy-of-bohemia", "label": "Duchy of Bohemia", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "prague", "label": "Prague", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "kyiv", "label": "Kyiv", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "military-alliance", "label": "Military alliance", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "krakow", "label": "Kraków", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "mieszko-i", "label": "Mieszko I", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "lesser-poland", "label": "Lesser Poland", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "boleslaus-i-of-bohemia", "label": "Boleslaus I of Bohemia", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "king-of-poland", "label": "King of Poland", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "john-ii-casimir-vasa", "label": "John II Casimir Vasa", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "nazi-germany", "label": "Nazi Germany", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "the-holocaust", "label": "The Holocaust", "shared": 1}], "items": [{"year": 965, "year_label": "965 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Boleslaus I (the Cruel), duke of Bohemia, expands his territory into the Polish territories of Upper Silesia and Lesser Poland. By occupying the city of Kraków, he controls important trade routes from Prague to Kiev and Lviv. Prince Mieszko I of Poland makes an alliance with Boleslaus and marries his daughter Dobrawa.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371364470#Europe", "title": "965", "revid": 1371364470, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 1308, "year_label": "1308 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "March 18", "text": "March 18 – Brothers Andrei Rurik and Lev II Rurik become the co-monarchs of Ruthenia (now part of Ukraine and Poland, with a capital at Lviv), upon the death of their father, King Yuri I of Galicia. The two brothers will reign until their deaths in 1323 at the Battle of Berestia against Mongol invaders.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367315343#January_–_March", "title": "1308", "revid": 1367315343, "section": "Events › January – March"}}, {"year": 1356, "year_label": "1356 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "June 17", "text": "June 17 – The city of Lwów is granted Magdeburg rights by Casimir III the Great, King of Poland. The advantages of the rights are not only economic, but also political.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1350441440#January–December", "title": "1356", "revid": 1350441440, "section": "Events › January–December"}}, {"year": 1656, "year_label": "1656 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "April 1", "text": "April 1 – John II Casimir Vasa, King of Poland, crowns the Black Madonna of Częstochowa as Queen and Protector of Poland in the cathedral of Lwów, after the miraculous saving of the Jasna Góra Monastery during the Deluge, an event which changed the course of the Second Northern War. The King swears a vow, the Lwów Oath, pledging to protect Poland's people from being conquered again.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372048661#April–June", "title": "1656", "revid": 1372048661, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1917, "year_label": "1917 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "July 1", "text": "July 1 – WWI: Russian General Brusilov begins the major Kerensky offensive in Galicia, initially advancing towards Lemberg.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373519608#July", "title": "1917", "revid": 1373519608, "section": "Events › July"}}, {"year": 1918, "year_label": "1918 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "November 1", "text": "November 1 – The Polish–Ukrainian War is inaugurated, by the proclamation of the West Ukrainian People's Republic in Galicia, with a capital at Lwów.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373520023#November", "title": "1918", "revid": 1373520023, "section": "Events › November"}}, {"year": 1918, "year_label": "1918 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "November 21", "text": "November 21 – Lwów pogrom: Polish troops, volunteers and freed criminals massacre at least 320 Ukrainian Christians and Jews in Lwów, Galicia.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373520023#November", "title": "1918", "revid": 1373520023, "section": "Events › November"}}, {"year": 1941, "year_label": "1941 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "July 4", "text": "July 4 – Massacre of Lviv professors: Polish scientists and writers are murdered by Nazi German troops in the occupied Polish city of Lwów.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372706275#July", "title": "1941", "revid": 1372706275, "section": "Events › July"}}, {"year": 1943, "year_label": "1943 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "November 19", "text": "November 19 – The Holocaust: Inmates of Janowska concentration camp, near Lwów (at this time in German-occupied Poland), stage a failed uprising, after which the SS liquidates the camp, resulting in at least 6,000 deaths.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373526844#November", "title": "1943", "revid": 1373526844, "section": "Events › November"}}, {"year": 1944, "year_label": "1944 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "July 27", "text": "July 27 – WWII: Soviet forces liberate Lvov, Stanislav and Białystok, and the following day enter Brest, Belarus.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370022611#July", "title": "1944", "revid": 1370022611, "section": "Events › July"}}]}