{"slug": "macau", "label": "Macau", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macau", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14773", "qid": "Q14773", "description": "city and special administrative region of China", "entries": 10, "years": 10, "span": [1277, 1999], "span_label": ["1277 CE", "1999 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Exploration & Expansion", "count": 3}, {"title": "Conflict & Security", "count": 2}, {"title": "Climate & Environment", "count": 2}, {"title": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "count": 2}, {"title": "Culture & Society", "count": 1}], "related": [{"slug": "ming-dynasty", "label": "Ming dynasty", "shared": 4}, {"slug": "portuguese-empire", "label": "Portuguese Empire", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "china", "label": "China", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "song-dynasty", "label": "Song dynasty", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "yuan-dynasty", "label": "Yuan dynasty", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "spanish-empire", "label": "Spanish Empire", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "guangzhou", "label": "Guangzhou", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "philippines", "label": "Philippines", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "jesuits", "label": "Jesuits", "shared": 1}], "items": [{"year": 1277, "year_label": "1277 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Migration of the (Southern) Song dynasty: Some 50,000 citizens of the Song dynasty in China become the first recorded inhabitants of Macau, as they seek refuge from the invading armies of the Yuan dynasty. They also stay for a short period in (New) Kowloon.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362646784#Asia", "title": "1277", "revid": 1362646784, "section": "Events › By place › Asia"}}, {"year": 1549, "year_label": "1549 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": null, "text": "Although trade existed between the two beforehand, in this year the Portuguese begin to send regular seasonal maritime trade missions to Ming dynasty China, at Sao João Island (also known as Shangchuan Island) near Macau.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362482759#Date_unknown", "title": "1549", "revid": 1362482759, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1557, "year_label": "1557 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": null, "text": "With the permission of the Ming dynasty government of China, and for the benefit of both Western and Eastern merchants, the Portuguese settle in Macau (retroceded in 1999). Direct Sino-Portuguese trade has existed since 1513, but this is the first official legal treaty port on traditional Chinese soil, that will form a long-term Western settlement.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365955110#Date_unknown", "title": "1557", "revid": 1365955110, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1594, "year_label": "1594 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": null, "text": "St. Paul's College is founded in Macau by Jesuits, being the first western style university in the far east.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1319812312#Date_unknown", "title": "1594", "revid": 1319812312, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1622, "year_label": "1622 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "June 24", "text": "June 24 – Dutch–Portuguese War – Battle of Macau: The outnumbered Portuguese forces successfully defend Macau from the Dutch fleet, keeping a Portuguese foothold in the Far East.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366857889#April–June", "title": "1622", "revid": 1366857889, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1637, "year_label": "1637 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": "June 27", "text": "June 27 – The first English venture to China is attempted by Captain John Weddell, who sails into port in Macau and Canton during the late Ming dynasty with six ships. The voyages are for trade, which is dominated here by the Portuguese (at this time combined with the power of Spain). He brings 38,421 pairs of eyeglasses, perhaps the first recorded European-made eyeglasses to enter China.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1339166592#April–June", "title": "1637", "revid": 1339166592, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1835, "year_label": "1835 CE", "section": "Climate & Environment", "date": "January 26", "text": "January 26 – Saint Paul's in Macau is largely destroyed by fire after a typhoon hits.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364866184#January–March", "title": "1835", "revid": 1364866184, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1987, "year_label": "1987 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "April 13", "text": "April 13 – The governments of the Portuguese Republic and the People's Republic of China sign an agreement in which Macau will be returned to China in 1999.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372769014#April", "title": "1987", "revid": 1372769014, "section": "Events › April"}}, {"year": 1993, "year_label": "1993 CE", "section": "Climate & Environment", "date": "June 26", "text": "June 26–28 – Typhoon Koryn causes massive damage to the Philippines, China and Macau.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366430372#June", "title": "1993", "revid": 1366430372, "section": "Events › June"}}, {"year": 1999, "year_label": "1999 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "December 20", "text": "December 20 – Handover of Macau: the Portuguese Republic transfers administration of Macau to the People's Republic of China after 442 years of Portuguese rule in the settlement.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369767946#December", "title": "1999", "revid": 1369767946, "section": "Events › December"}}]}