{"slug": "macedonia-roman-province", "label": "Macedonia (Roman province)", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macedonia_%28Roman_province%29", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207497", "qid": "Q207497", "description": "Roman province", "entries": 19, "years": 19, "span": [-91, 599], "span_label": ["92 BCE", "599 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Conflict & Security", "count": 8}, {"title": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "count": 6}, {"title": "Exploration & Expansion", "count": 3}, {"title": "Crime & Justice", "count": 1}, {"title": "Health & Medicine", "count": 1}], "related": [{"slug": "thrace", "label": "Thrace", "shared": 5}, {"slug": "balkans", "label": "Balkans", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "thessaloniki", "label": "Thessaloniki", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "constantinople", "label": "Constantinople", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "goths", "label": "Goths", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "illyricum-roman-province", "label": "Illyricum (Roman province)", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "thessaly", "label": "Thessaly", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "ostrogoths", "label": "Ostrogoths", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "theodosius-i", "label": "Theodosius I", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "euphrates", "label": "Euphrates", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "constantius-ii", "label": "Constantius II", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "shapur-ii", "label": "Shapur II", "shared": 1}], "items": [{"year": -91, "year_label": "92 BCE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": null, "text": "Gaius Sentius becomes Roman governor of Macedonia. He serves until 88 BC.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1328379180#Roman_Republic", "title": "92 BC", "revid": 1328379180, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Republic"}}, {"year": -87, "year_label": "88 BCE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "The Dardani, Scordisci, and the Maedi attack the Roman province of Macedonia.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1325703284#Roman_Republic", "title": "88 BC", "revid": 1325703284, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Republic"}}, {"year": -47, "year_label": "48 BCE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "July 10", "text": "July 10 – Battle of Dyrrhachium: Julius Caesar barely avoids a catastrophic defeat to Pompey in Macedonia; he retreats to Thessaly.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1300612578#Roman_Republic", "title": "48 BC", "revid": 1300612578, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Republic"}}, {"year": -42, "year_label": "43 BCE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Marcus Junius Brutus proceeds to secure his position in Thrace and Macedonia. Gaius Cassius Longinus campaigns in Syria and defeats the army of Publius Cornelius Dolabella at Laodicea.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1338224737#Roman_Republic", "title": "43 BC", "revid": 1338224737, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Republic"}}, {"year": -41, "year_label": "42 BCE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": "August", "text": "August – Lucius Decidius Saxa and Gaius Norbanus Flaccus are appointed by Mark Antony, to lead an advanced force of eight legions to Macedonia along the Via Egnatia into Thrace.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1352172627#Roman_Republic", "title": "42 BC", "revid": 1352172627, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Republic"}}, {"year": -39, "year_label": "40 BCE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": null, "text": "Treaty of Brundisium: The Triumvirs agrees to divide the Roman Republic into spheres of influence. Gaius Octavian styles himself \"Imperator Caesar\" and takes control of the Western provinces. Mark Antony is given the Eastern provinces; the River Drin, the boundary between the provinces Illyricum and Macedonia, is to serve as their frontier. Marcus Aemilius Lepidus controls Hispania and Africa. The treaty is cemented by the marriage of Antony and Octavia the Younger.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1267076849#Roman_Republic", "title": "40 BC", "revid": 1267076849, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Republic"}}, {"year": 150, "year_label": "150 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": null, "text": "The Albani appear in the Roman province of Macedonia, specifically in Epirus.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373077197#Roman_Empire", "title": "AD 150", "revid": 1373077197, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Empire"}}, {"year": 230, "year_label": "230 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": null, "text": "Emperor Alexander Severus decides that Thessaly should be a separate province from Macedonia. He increases taxes, in order to maintain the war against the Sassanids, and strengthen the defenses of the Roman Empire.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371190910#Roman_Empire", "title": "230", "revid": 1371190910, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Empire"}}, {"year": 306, "year_label": "306 CE", "section": "Crime & Justice", "date": null, "text": "Galerius has the Rotunda of Galerius built in Thessaloniki (Macedonia).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1330171617#Roman_Empire", "title": "306", "revid": 1330171617, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Empire"}}, {"year": 335, "year_label": "335 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "September 19", "text": "September 19 – Flavius Dalmatius is raised to the rank of Caesar, with control of Thracia, Achaia, and Macedonia.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1351653069#Roman_Empire", "title": "335", "revid": 1351653069, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Empire"}}, {"year": 358, "year_label": "358 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": null, "text": "Emperor Constantius II builds new forts to secure upper Mesopotamia. Persia's king Shapur II sends an emissary to Constantinople with gifts and a letter wrapped in white silk. He requests that Constantius return the lands of his ancestors from the Euphrates to the frontier of Macedonia. Constantius tactfully refuses to cede any territories.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1267077925#Roman_Empire", "title": "358", "revid": 1267077925, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Empire"}}, {"year": 380, "year_label": "380 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Battle of Thessalonica: The Goths under Fritigern defeat a Roman army in Macedonia. Theodosius I retreats to Thessalonica and leaves Gratian in control of the Western Roman Empire.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1281452530#Roman_Empire", "title": "380", "revid": 1281452530, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Empire"}}, {"year": 383, "year_label": "383 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Emperor Theodosius I cedes Dacia and Macedonia to Valentinian II. They recognize Magnus Maximus as Augustus.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1349205021#Roman_Empire", "title": "AD 383", "revid": 1349205021, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Empire"}}, {"year": 390, "year_label": "390 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "April", "text": "April – Massacre of Thessalonica: Resentment among the citizens of Thessalonica (Macedonia) breaks out into violence after the arrest of a popular charioteer. Butheric, military commander of Illyricum, is murdered. Emperor Theodosius I orders vengeance, despite the pleas for mercy by Ambrose, bishop of Milan; more than 7,000 inhabitants are massacred by the Roman army.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1355430318#Roman_Empire", "title": "390", "revid": 1355430318, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Empire"}}, {"year": 395, "year_label": "395 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "The Goths, led by Alaric, invade and devastate Thrace and Macedonia and impose a tribute on Athens.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1334185587#Roman_Empire", "title": "395", "revid": 1334185587, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Empire"}}, {"year": 473, "year_label": "473 CE", "section": "Health & Medicine", "date": null, "text": "The Ostrogoths leave Pannonia, and migrate to Macedonia and Moesia, from whence they ravage the Balkans.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364747615#Balkans", "title": "473", "revid": 1364747615, "section": "Events › By place › Balkans"}}, {"year": 483, "year_label": "483 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": null, "text": "The Ostrogoths are given status as foederati; they control a large part of Macedonia and Thrace (Balkans).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340789371#Europe", "title": "483", "revid": 1340789371, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 559, "year_label": "559 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Winter – The Kutrigurs and Huns under Zabergan cross the frozen Danube River, and invade the Balkans. They raid Thracia and Macedonia, but are driven back near Constantinople by a Byzantine force under Belisarius.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1350439939#Byzantine_Empire", "title": "559", "revid": 1350439939, "section": "Events › By place › Byzantine Empire"}}, {"year": 599, "year_label": "599 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": null, "text": "Autumn – Comentiolus reopens the Gate of Trajan pass, near Ihtiman (Bulgaria). This strategic mountain pass, whose fortress \"Stipon\" defends the border between the provinces Thrace and Macedonia, is not used for decades.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364752063#Byzantine_Empire", "title": "599", "revid": 1364752063, "section": "Events › By place › Byzantine Empire"}}]}