{"slug": "maghreb", "label": "Maghreb", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maghreb", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28227", "qid": "Q28227", "description": "part of North Africa", "entries": 15, "years": 15, "span": [671, 1269], "span_label": ["671 CE", "1269 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Conflict & Security", "count": 11}, {"title": "Religion & Belief", "count": 2}, {"title": "Science & Discovery", "count": 1}, {"title": "Exploration & Expansion", "count": 1}], "related": [{"slug": "algeria", "label": "Algeria", "shared": 5}, {"slug": "morocco", "label": "Morocco", "shared": 4}, {"slug": "fatimid-caliphate", "label": "Fatimid Caliphate", "shared": 4}, {"slug": "zirid-dynasty", "label": "Zirid dynasty", "shared": 4}, {"slug": "almohad-caliphate", "label": "Almohad Caliphate", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "north-africa", "label": "North Africa", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "umayyad-caliphate", "label": "Umayyad Caliphate", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "abbasid-caliphate", "label": "Abbasid Caliphate", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "medina", "label": "Medina", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "idrisid-dynasty", "label": "Idrisid dynasty", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "slavery", "label": "Slavery", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "berber-people", "label": "Berber people", "shared": 1}], "items": [{"year": 671, "year_label": "671 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "December 7", "text": "December 7 – An annular solar eclipse is visible from Tibet to the Maghreb.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340805234#Events", "title": "671", "revid": 1340805234, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 739, "year_label": "739 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "The Great Berber Revolt: The Berbers break out in revolt against the Umayyad rulers at Maghreb, in response to the oppressive, (and, by Islamic law, illegal) tax-collection and slave-tribute. The rebellion is led by the chieftain (alleged water-carrier) Maysara al-Matghari. He successfully seizes Tangier, and rapidly captures much of western Morocco. The Berber rebellion which erupts not only undermines caliphal rule and fragments the wilayat or province of Ifriqiya (North Africa), but paves the way for the emergence of autonomous local Arab dynasties.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340809724#Africa", "title": "739", "revid": 1340809724, "section": "Events › By place › Africa"}}, {"year": 775, "year_label": "775 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": null, "text": "Andalusian merchants set up an emporium (trade settlement) on the Maghreb coast at Ténès (modern Algeria). It is early evidence of the revival of the maritime trade in the Western Mediterranean, after the chaos of the early 8th century.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340848014#Africa", "title": "775", "revid": 1340848014, "section": "Events › By place › Africa"}}, {"year": 777, "year_label": "777 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "Abd al-Rahman ibn Rustam is recognized as imam of the Ibadis, in Maghreb (western North Africa).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1348716720#Africa", "title": "AD 777", "revid": 1348716720, "section": "Events › By place › Africa"}}, {"year": 786, "year_label": "786 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "June 11", "text": "June 11 – Battle of Fakhkh: An Alid uprising in Medina is crushed by the Abbasids. One of the Alids, Idris ibn Abdallah, flees to the Maghreb in western North Africa, where he later founds the Idrisid dynasty in 788/789.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340848276#Abbasid_Caliphate", "title": "786", "revid": 1340848276, "section": "Events › By place › Abbasid Caliphate"}}, {"year": 933, "year_label": "933 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Fatimid forces fail to seize the Maghreb al-Aqsa (modern Morocco) from the local Berber tribes allied to the Iberia-based Caliphate of Córdoba.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364917339#Africa", "title": "933", "revid": 1364917339, "section": "Events › By place › Africa"}}, {"year": 935, "year_label": "935 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Ziri ibn Manad is installed as governor of central Maghreb. He initiates the construction of the fortress of Ashir, near Médéa (modern Algeria). It symbolises the rise of the Zirid dynasty in the Western Mediterranean region.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364468168#Africa", "title": "935", "revid": 1364468168, "section": "Events › By place › Africa"}}, {"year": 967, "year_label": "967 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "The Fatimid general Jawhar al-Siqilli launches a military campaign in the west of the Maghreb. He resumes his expansion, together with the Zirids, and conquers Fez (modern-day Morocco).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364919490#Arabian_Empire", "title": "967", "revid": 1364919490, "section": "Events › By place › Arabian Empire"}}, {"year": 973, "year_label": "973 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "Caliph Al-Mu'izz transfers the royal residence of the Fatimid Caliphate from El-Mansuriya (modern Tunisia) to the newly founded city of Cairo in Egypt. Egypt becomes the autonomous centre of the Fatimid Caliphate. He leaves general Buluggin ibn Ziri to govern the Western North African territories, which will become the province of Al-Maghreb (meaning the West).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1354273404#Africa", "title": "973", "revid": 1354273404, "section": "Events › By place › Africa"}}, {"year": 987, "year_label": "987 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "The Zirid Dynasty fails to reconquer the western part of the Maghreb (Land of Atlas), which they have recently lost to the Umayyad Caliphate.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364468366#Africa", "title": "987", "revid": 1364468366, "section": "Events › By place › Africa"}}, {"year": 1034, "year_label": "1034 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "A Pisan and Genovese fleet attack Bona (modern Annaba) on the Maghribi coast (modern Algeria). The city is occupied for one year.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1342215274#Africa", "title": "1034", "revid": 1342215274, "section": "Events › By place › Africa"}}, {"year": 1049, "year_label": "1049 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "The Banu Hilal, a confederation of tribes of Arabia, begin their invasion in the Maghreb (North Africa). They are organized by the Egyptian Fatimid Caliphate to punish their former Zirid vassals.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1350129777#Africa", "title": "1049", "revid": 1350129777, "section": "Events › By place › Africa"}}, {"year": 1152, "year_label": "1152 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "The Almohad Caliphate conquers the Maghrib al-Awsat (modern Algeria). The city of Béjaïa becomes one of the main naval bases of the Almohads.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365584069#Africa", "title": "1152", "revid": 1365584069, "section": "Events › By place › Africa"}}, {"year": 1242, "year_label": "1242 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Summer – In the Maghreb, after a string of successes against the Almohad Caliphate, Hafsid forces under Sultan Abu Zakariya Yahya conquer the city of Tlemcen (modern Algeria). The Kingdom of Tlemcen becomes a vassal of Abu Zakariya, and is formed in a series of small states between his rule and the states of the Western Maghreb.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360512210#Africa", "title": "1242", "revid": 1360512210, "section": "Events › By place › Africa"}}, {"year": 1269, "year_label": "1269 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "September 8", "text": "September 8 – Berber forces of the Marinid Sultanate under Abu Yusuf Yaqub ibn Abd al-Haqq complete the conquest of Morocco and capture Marrakesh after a long siege, effectively ending the Almohad Caliphate. The last Almohad ruler, Idris al-Wathiq (or Abu Dabbus), is assassinated by a slave. The Marinids become the new masters of the western Maghreb and Abu Yusuf Yaqub takes up the title of \"Prince of the Muslims\".", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1343645386#Africa", "title": "1269", "revid": 1343645386, "section": "Events › By place › Africa"}}]}