{"slug": "magna-graecia", "label": "Magna Graecia", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magna_Graecia", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184313", "qid": "Q184313", "description": "historical region in Italy", "entries": 7, "years": 7, "span": [-531, -271], "span_label": ["532 BCE", "272 BCE"], "topics": [{"title": "Exploration & Expansion", "count": 3}, {"title": "Conflict & Security", "count": 2}, {"title": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "count": 1}, {"title": "Disasters & Accidents", "count": 1}], "related": [{"slug": "taranto", "label": "Taranto", "shared": 4}, {"slug": "italy", "label": "Italy", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "samnites", "label": "Samnites", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "apulia", "label": "Apulia", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "sparta", "label": "Sparta", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "lucanians", "label": "Lucanians", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "archidamus-iii", "label": "Archidamus III", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "appius-claudius-caecus", "label": "Appius Claudius Caecus", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "roman-republic", "label": "Roman Republic", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "pyrrhus-of-epirus", "label": "Pyrrhus of Epirus", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "roman-senate", "label": "Roman Senate", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "thurii", "label": "Thurii", "shared": 1}], "items": [{"year": -531, "year_label": "532 BCE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": null, "text": "Pythagoras arrives in the Greek colony of Croton (modern-day Crotone) in Magna Graecia and founds the philosophical school of Pythagoreanism (approximate date).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1342713127#Europe", "title": "532 BC", "revid": 1342713127, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": -470, "year_label": "471 BCE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": null, "text": "The colony of Pixunte (Pixous) is founded in Magna Graecia.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1296574771#Greece", "title": "471 BC", "revid": 1296574771, "section": "Events › By place › Greece"}}, {"year": -465, "year_label": "466 BCE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": null, "text": "The Greek colony of Taras, in Magna Graecia, is defeated by the native population of Apulia. As a result, the Tarentine monarchy falls, with the installation of a democracy.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1350129366#Italy", "title": "466 BC", "revid": 1350129366, "section": "Events › By place › Italy"}}, {"year": -342, "year_label": "343 BCE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": null, "text": "The native Italian tribes, the Lucanians and Bruttians, press down upon the Greek colonies of Magna Graecia, including Tarentum. Responding to calls for help from these former Greek colonies, King Archidamus III of Sparta sets sail with a band of mercenaries for Italy.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1354172730#Italy", "title": "343 BC", "revid": 1354172730, "section": "Events › By place › Italy"}}, {"year": -281, "year_label": "282 BCE", "section": "Disasters & Accidents", "date": null, "text": "The Magna Graecia city of Thurii appeals to Rome for help against the native Italian tribes. Though the Roman Senate hesitates, the plebeian Assembly decides to respond. Thurii is saved, but Tarentum, jealous of Rome's interference, attacks and sinks some Roman ships entering its harbour. Roman envoys, sent to protest, are mistreated.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1313148199#Roman_Republic", "title": "282 BC", "revid": 1313148199, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Republic"}}, {"year": -278, "year_label": "279 BCE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Pyrrhus realizes that he cannot capture Rome and suggests peace terms to the Romans. Pyrrhus sends his chief advisor, Cineas, to Rome to negotiate a peace. Cineas demands that the Romans halt their aggression against the Greeks of southern Italy and restore the lands the Romans have taken from the Bruttii, the Apulians, and the Samnites. The Romans reject his demands, largely at the instigation of the former Roman censor, Appius Claudius Caecus.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1226777989#Roman_Republic", "title": "279 BC", "revid": 1226777989, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Republic"}}, {"year": -271, "year_label": "272 BCE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Pyrrhus' departure from southern Italy three years earlier leads to the Samnites finally being conquered by the Romans. With the surrender of Tarentum, the cities of Magna Graecia in southern Italy come under Roman influence and become Roman allies. Rome now effectively dominates all of the Italian peninsula.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1354172942#Roman_Republic", "title": "272 BC", "revid": 1354172942, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Republic"}}]}