{"slug": "makuria", "label": "Makuria", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makuria", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q829356", "qid": "Q829356", "description": "Nubian kingdom in present-day Northern Sudan and Southern Egypt", "entries": 8, "years": 8, "span": [543, 1287], "span_label": ["543 CE", "1287 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Conflict & Security", "count": 5}, {"title": "Religion & Belief", "count": 1}, {"title": "Births", "count": 1}, {"title": "Deaths", "count": 1}], "also_known_as": ["Kingdom of Makuria"], "related": [{"slug": "egypt", "label": "Egypt", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "nile", "label": "Nile", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "sudan", "label": "Sudan", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "muslims", "label": "Muslims", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "nubia", "label": "Nubia", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "egypt-in-the-middle-ages", "label": "Egypt in the Middle Ages", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "baybars", "label": "Baybars", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "egyptians", "label": "Egyptians", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "qalawun", "label": "Qalawun", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "church-building", "label": "Church (building)", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "red-sea", "label": "Red Sea", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "rashidun-caliphate", "label": "Rashidun Caliphate", "shared": 1}], "items": [{"year": 543, "year_label": "543 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "The fortress city of Old Dongola (modern Sudan) along the River Nile becomes the capital of the Kingdom of Makuria. Several churches are built, including the \"Old Church\" (approximate date).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340799598#Africa", "title": "543", "revid": 1340799598, "section": "Events › By place › Africa"}}, {"year": 642, "year_label": "642 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Battle of Dongola: 'Amr ibn al-'As sends an Arab expedition of 20,000 horsemen, under his cousin Uqba ibn Nafi, to Makuria (Southern Egypt). The Nubians strike hard against the Muslims near Dongola with hit-and-run attacks. The Arab incursions into Nubia are temporarily halted.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367634849#Africa", "title": "642", "revid": 1367634849, "section": "Events › By place › Africa"}}, {"year": 652, "year_label": "652 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Siege of Dongola: A Rashidun army (5,000 men) under Abdullah ibn Sa'ad besieges Dongola in the Kingdom of Makuria (modern Sudan).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367635695#Arab_Empire", "title": "652", "revid": 1367635695, "section": "Events › By place › Arab Empire"}}, {"year": 860, "year_label": "860 CE", "section": "Births", "date": null, "text": "Georgios I, king of Makuria (approximate date)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367666755#Births", "title": "860", "revid": 1367666755, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 920, "year_label": "920 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Georgios I, ruler of Makuria (Egypt)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1349205100#Deaths", "title": "920", "revid": 1349205100, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 1272, "year_label": "1272 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "August 18", "text": "August 18 – Nubian forces sack the Egyptian Red Sea outpost of Aydhab and raid the southern frontier city of Aswan. In return, Baibars invades the kingdom of Makuria.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362176275#Levant", "title": "1272", "revid": 1362176275, "section": "Events › By place › Levant"}}, {"year": 1276, "year_label": "1276 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Battle of Dongola: Mamluk forces led by Sultan Baibars gain a decisive victory against the Kingdom of Makuria. They capture the Makurian capital of Dongola and force King David of Makuria to flee upstream on the Nile. He seeks refuge in the Kingdom of Al-Abwab, but is handed over to Baibars, who has him executed. Later, Baibars conquers Al-Maris (Lower Nubia), previously a part of Makuria, and annexes it into Egypt.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1344445633#Africa", "title": "1276", "revid": 1344445633, "section": "Events › By place › Africa"}}, {"year": 1287, "year_label": "1287 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "June", "text": "June – Egyptian Mamluk forces under Sultan Qalawun (the Victorious) captures Dongola after defeating the Kingdom of Makuria under the leadership of Egyptian general Izz al-Din al-Kawrani.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1361694581#Middle_East", "title": "1287", "revid": 1361694581, "section": "Events › By place › Middle East"}}]}