{"slug": "malatya", "label": "Malatya", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malatya", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q165995", "qid": "Q165995", "description": "metropolitan municipality in Eastern Anatolia, Turkey", "entries": 10, "years": 9, "span": [638, 1516], "span_label": ["638 CE", "1516 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Conflict & Security", "count": 8}, {"title": "Religion & Belief", "count": 1}, {"title": "Deaths", "count": 1}], "related": [{"slug": "turkey", "label": "Turkey", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "mesopotamia", "label": "Mesopotamia", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "edessa", "label": "Edessa", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "constantinople", "label": "Constantinople", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "byzantine-empire", "label": "Byzantine Empire", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "black-sea", "label": "Black Sea", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "ottoman-empire", "label": "Ottoman Empire", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "syria", "label": "Syria", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "mamluk-sultanate-cairo", "label": "Mamluk Sultanate (Cairo)", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "euphrates", "label": "Euphrates", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "sultanate-of-rum", "label": "Sultanate of Rum", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "harran", "label": "Harran", "shared": 1}], "items": [{"year": 638, "year_label": "638 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Arab-Byzantine War: The invading Rashidun army under Khalid ibn al-Walid moves into Anatolia, conquering (without strong Byzantine resistance) the cities of Kahramanmaraş, Caesarea Cappadociae, Sebastia, and Malatya (west of the Taurus Mountains). Arab forces march into Armenia, where they capture the cities Edessa and Amida up to the Ararat plain.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369557443#Arabian_Empire", "title": "638", "revid": 1369557443, "section": "Events › By place › Arabian Empire"}}, {"year": 837, "year_label": "837 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "Byzantine–Arab War: Emperor Theophilos leads a massive Byzantine expeditionary force into Mesopotamia. He sacks the cities Arsamosata and Sozopetra — which some sources claim as the birthplace of Abbasid caliph Al-Mu'tasim — and forces Melitene to pay tribute.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340941882#Byzantine_Empire", "title": "837", "revid": 1340941882, "section": "Events › By place › Byzantine Empire"}}, {"year": 863, "year_label": "863 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Umar al-Aqta, emir of Melitene", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1322668706#Deaths", "title": "863", "revid": 1322668706, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 863, "year_label": "863 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "September 3", "text": "September 3 – Battle of Lalakaon: A Byzantine army confronts an invasion by Muslim forces, led by Umar al-Aqta, Emir of Malatya. The Muslims raid deep into Byzantine territory, reaching the Black Sea coast at the port city of Amisos. Petronas annihilates the Arabs near the River Lalakaon, in Paphlagonia (modern Turkey).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1322668706#Byzantine_Empire", "title": "863", "revid": 1322668706, "section": "Events › By place › Byzantine Empire"}}, {"year": 1068, "year_label": "1068 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Winter – Romanos IV leaves a portion of his army as a rearguard at Melitene. The Byzantine garrison fails to check a Seljuk raid that manages to sack Amorium (penetrating deep in Byzantine territory). Romanos winters near Aleppo before returning to Constantinople.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372127712#Byzantine_Empire", "title": "1068", "revid": 1372127712, "section": "Events › By place › Byzantine Empire"}}, {"year": 1069, "year_label": "1069 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Spring – Emperor Romanos IV begins a campaign against the Seljuk Turks, and marches towards the Euphrates via Melitene. He crosses the river at Romanopolis (modern Turkey), and captures the strategic fortress city of Chliat on the north-western shore of Lake Van. Romanos leaves a Byzantine rear guard on the upper Euphrates under General Philaretos Brachamios with orders to defend the Mesopotamian frontier.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1243049384#Byzantine_Empire", "title": "1069", "revid": 1243049384, "section": "Events › By place › Byzantine Empire"}}, {"year": 1105, "year_label": "1105 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Autumn – Kilij Arslan I, sultan of the Sultanate of Rum, leads a Seljuk expedition to take over Melitene (modern Turkey). He attempts to capture Edessa, but the Crusader fortress is too strongly defended by its garrison. Kilij Arslan then moves on to Harran, which surrenders to him.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365268232#Seljuk_Empire", "title": "1105", "revid": 1365268232, "section": "Events › By place › Seljuk Empire"}}, {"year": 1315, "year_label": "1315 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "April 28", "text": "April 28 – The Mamluk Sultanate army invades the Christian outpost of Malatya in Byzantium, then loots the city.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1332018303#April_–_June", "title": "1315", "revid": 1332018303, "section": "Events › April – June"}}, {"year": 1400, "year_label": "1400 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "October 7", "text": "October 7 – Tamerlane, the Mongol conqueror, stops between Malatya and Aleppo at the Turkish garrison in Behesna. According to author Peter Purton, the garrison \"had the temerity to shoot a catapult ball at Timur which rolled into his tent. Setting up his own battery of 20 machines, it is said that the first shot hit and destroyed the offending weapon. Treating this as a good omen, the attack was launched, the towers mined... and the place surrendered.\"", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369029011#October–December", "title": "1400", "revid": 1369029011, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1516, "year_label": "1516 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "July 28", "text": "July 28 – Selim I of the Ottoman Empire captures the city of Malatya (located in what is now southeastern Turkey) as the first conquest in his war against the Mamluk Sultanate of Egypt and then proceeds to invade Syria.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368315851#July–September", "title": "1516", "revid": 1368315851, "section": "Events › July–September"}}]}