{"slug": "manchester", "label": "Manchester", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manchester", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18125", "qid": "Q18125", "description": "city in Greater Manchester, England", "entries": 22, "years": 22, "span": [79, 2002], "span_label": ["79 CE", "2002 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Culture & Society", "count": 5}, {"title": "Technology & Infrastructure", "count": 3}, {"title": "Economy & Finance", "count": 3}, {"title": "Disasters & Accidents", "count": 3}, {"title": "Conflict & Security", "count": 2}, {"title": "Health & Medicine", "count": 2}, {"title": "Crime & Justice", "count": 2}, {"title": "Exploration & Expansion", "count": 1}, {"title": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "count": 1}], "related": [{"slug": "holy-roman-empire", "label": "Holy Roman Empire", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "frankfurt", "label": "Frankfurt", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "queen-victoria", "label": "Queen Victoria", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "north-sea", "label": "North Sea", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "liberal-party-uk", "label": "Liberal Party (UK)", "shared": 1}], "items": [{"year": 79, "year_label": "79 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": null, "text": "Mamucium (the first Manchester) is founded as a frontier fort and settlement in the North West of England, a distance to the north of Chester.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371506261#Roman_Empire", "title": "AD 79", "revid": 1371506261, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Empire"}}, {"year": 1761, "year_label": "1761 CE", "section": "Technology & Infrastructure", "date": "July 17", "text": "July 17 – The first section of the Bridgewater Canal is opened, for the transportation of coal from local mines to Manchester.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369831762#July–September", "title": "1761", "revid": 1369831762, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1798, "year_label": "1798 CE", "section": "Economy & Finance", "date": null, "text": "Nathan Mayer Rothschild moves from Frankfurt in the Holy Roman Empire to England, settling up in business as a textile trader and financier in Manchester.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366050846#Date_unknown", "title": "1798", "revid": 1366050846, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1818, "year_label": "1818 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": null, "text": "Besses o' th' Barn Brass Band is formed in Whitefield, near Manchester by this date.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373165947#Date_unknown", "title": "1818", "revid": 1373165947, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1819, "year_label": "1819 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "August 16", "text": "August 16 – Peterloo Massacre: A yeomanry unit charges into a crowd of radical protesters in Manchester, England, resulting in 15 deaths and over 600 injuries.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1355822452#July–September", "title": "1819", "revid": 1355822452, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1824, "year_label": "1824 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "April 7", "text": "April 7 – The Mechanics' Institution is established in Manchester, England at the Bridgewater Arms hotel, as part of a national movement for the education of working men. The institute is the precursor to two Universities in the city: the University of Manchester and the Metropolitan University of Manchester (MMU).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1359333471#April–June", "title": "1824", "revid": 1359333471, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1839, "year_label": "1839 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "March 9", "text": "March 9 – The Anti-Corn Law League is founded in Manchester, England.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360384794#January–March", "title": "1839", "revid": 1360384794, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1841, "year_label": "1841 CE", "section": "Health & Medicine", "date": "November 13", "text": "November 13 – Scottish surgeon James Braid first sees a demonstration of animal magnetism by Charles Lafontaine in Manchester, which leads to his study of the phenomenon that he (Braid) eventually calls hypnotism.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360265400#October–December", "title": "1841", "revid": 1360265400, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1850, "year_label": "1850 CE", "section": "Health & Medicine", "date": null, "text": "The city of Manchester, England, reaches 400,000 inhabitants.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365770371#Date_unknown", "title": "1850", "revid": 1365770371, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1853, "year_label": "1853 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "March 29", "text": "March 29 – Manchester is granted city status in the United Kingdom.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1352708271#January–March", "title": "1853", "revid": 1352708271, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1857, "year_label": "1857 CE", "section": "Crime & Justice", "date": "May 5", "text": "May 5 – October 17 – The Art Treasures of Great Britain exhibition is held in Manchester, one of the largest such displays of all time.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366379985#April–June", "title": "1857", "revid": 1366379985, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1868, "year_label": "1868 CE", "section": "Economy & Finance", "date": "June 2", "text": "June 2 – The first Trades Union Congress is held in Manchester, England.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1363668193#June", "title": "1868", "revid": 1363668193, "section": "Events › June"}}, {"year": 1869, "year_label": "1869 CE", "section": "Economy & Finance", "date": null, "text": "The Co-operative Central Board (later Co-operatives UK) is founded in Manchester, England.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360511845#Date_unknown", "title": "1869", "revid": 1360511845, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1889, "year_label": "1889 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "February 17", "text": "February 17 – The Royal Society for the Protection of Birds is founded in Manchester (England), originally known as \"The Plumage League\" to campaign against the use of plumage in women's clothing.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367594292#February", "title": "1889", "revid": 1367594292, "section": "Events › February"}}, {"year": 1894, "year_label": "1894 CE", "section": "Technology & Infrastructure", "date": "May 21", "text": "May 21 – The Manchester Ship Canal and Docks are officially opened by Queen Victoria, linking the previously landlocked industrial city of Manchester, in north-west England, to the Irish Sea.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369810485#May", "title": "1894", "revid": 1369810485, "section": "Events › May"}}, {"year": 1904, "year_label": "1904 CE", "section": "Technology & Infrastructure", "date": "May 4", "text": "May 4 – Charles Rolls and Henry Royce meet for the first time, in Manchester England to agree production of Rolls-Royce motor cars; the first produced under their joint names are launched in December.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373337754#May", "title": "1904", "revid": 1373337754, "section": "Events › May"}}, {"year": 1905, "year_label": "1905 CE", "section": "Crime & Justice", "date": "October 13", "text": "October 13 – Annie Kenney and Christabel Pankhurst interrupt a Liberal Party (UK) rally at the Free Trade Hall in Manchester, England, and choose imprisonment when convicted, the first militant action of the suffragette campaign.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373341358#October", "title": "1905", "revid": 1373341358, "section": "Events › October"}}, {"year": 1944, "year_label": "1944 CE", "section": "Disasters & Accidents", "date": "December 24", "text": "December 24 – WWII: Fifty German V-1 flying bombs, air-launched from Heinkel He 111 bombers flying over the North Sea, target Manchester in England, killing 42 and injuring more than 100 in the Oldham area.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370022611#December", "title": "1944", "revid": 1370022611, "section": "Events › December"}}, {"year": 1979, "year_label": "1979 CE", "section": "Disasters & Accidents", "date": "May 8", "text": "May 8 – Ten shoppers die in a fire at the Woolworths department store in Manchester city centre in the UK.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371786119#May", "title": "1979", "revid": 1371786119, "section": "Events › May"}}, {"year": 1990, "year_label": "1990 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "April 1", "text": "April 1 – Strangeways Prison riot: The longest prison riot in Britain's history begins at Strangeways Prison in Manchester, and continues for 3 weeks and 3 days, until April 25.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366571855#April", "title": "1990", "revid": 1366571855, "section": "Events › April"}}, {"year": 1996, "year_label": "1996 CE", "section": "Disasters & Accidents", "date": "June 15", "text": "June 15 – In Manchester, UK, an IRA bomb injures over 200 people and devastates a large part of the city centre.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371596794#June", "title": "1996", "revid": 1371596794, "section": "Events › June"}}, {"year": 2002, "year_label": "2002 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "July 25", "text": "July 25–August 4 – The 2002 Commonwealth Games are held in Manchester, England.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372652846#July", "title": "2002", "revid": 1372652846, "section": "Events › July"}}]}