{"slug": "marsala", "label": "Marsala", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marsala", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q481514", "qid": "Q481514", "description": "Italian comune in Sicily", "entries": 12, "years": 12, "span": [-396, 1266], "span_label": ["397 BCE", "1266 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Conflict & Security", "count": 8}, {"title": "Exploration & Expansion", "count": 3}, {"title": "Deaths", "count": 1}], "also_known_as": ["Lilybaeum"], "related": [{"slug": "sicily", "label": "Sicily", "shared": 7}, {"slug": "roman-republic", "label": "Roman Republic", "shared": 5}, {"slug": "carthage", "label": "Carthage", "shared": 4}, {"slug": "first-punic-war", "label": "First Punic War", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "africa-roman-province", "label": "Africa (Roman province)", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "trapani", "label": "Trapani", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "rome", "label": "Rome", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "lepidus", "label": "Lepidus", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "italy", "label": "Italy", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "palermo", "label": "Palermo", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "hamilcar-barca", "label": "Hamilcar Barca", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "ancient-rome", "label": "Ancient Rome", "shared": 1}], "items": [{"year": -396, "year_label": "397 BCE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": null, "text": "The Carthaginians establish the town of Lilybaeum in Sicily to replace Motya.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1352698502#Carthage", "title": "397 BC", "revid": 1352698502, "section": "Events › By place › Carthage"}}, {"year": -339, "year_label": "340 BCE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Hicetas, the tyrant of Leontini, again persuades Carthage to send a large army to Sicily, which lands at Lilybaeum. Timoleon of Syracuse meets this large Carthaginian army in the Battle of the Crimissus in the west of Sicily and achieves a brilliant victory against superior odds. Despite this victory, the Carthaginians continue to occupy the western half of Sicily, with a treaty being concluded that confines the Carthaginians to the area west of the Halycus (Platani) River.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1239354213#Sicily", "title": "340 BC", "revid": 1239354213, "section": "Events › By place › Sicily"}}, {"year": -277, "year_label": "278 BCE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "On his arrival in Sicily, Pyrrhus' forces win battles against the Carthaginians across Sicily. Pyrrhus conquers almost all of Sicily except for Lilybaeum (Marsala).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1350129454#Sicily", "title": "278 BC", "revid": 1350129454, "section": "Events › By place › Sicily"}}, {"year": -252, "year_label": "253 BCE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": null, "text": "A second Roman war fleet of 150 ships is wrecked on the voyage from Lilybaeum (in Sicily) to Rome.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1354172725#Roman_Republic", "title": "253 BC", "revid": 1354172725, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Republic"}}, {"year": -249, "year_label": "250 BCE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "In the Punic War, the Romans shift their attention to the southwest of Sicily. They send a naval expedition toward the Carthaginian city of Lilybaeum. En route, the Romans seize and burn the Carthaginian held cities of Selinous and Heraclea Minoa. The Romans then begin the siege of Lilybaeum.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1278897656#Roman_Republic", "title": "250 BC", "revid": 1278897656, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Republic"}}, {"year": -248, "year_label": "249 BCE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Following the disastrous defeat of Roman forces at the Battle of Drepana, Publius Claudius Pulcher is fined 120,000 asses and his colleague, Lucius Junius Pullus, commits suicide. Aulus Atilius Calatinus is then elected dictator and leads an army into Sicily, becoming the first dictator to lead a Roman army outside Italy. The Roman forces at Lilybaeum are relieved, and Eryx, near Drapana, is seized. Its idol of Astarte is transported to Rome, where it becomes the Erycine Venus.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1170050277#Roman_Republic", "title": "249 BC", "revid": 1170050277, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Republic"}}, {"year": -246, "year_label": "247 BCE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "By this stage in the Punic War, Carthage has lost to Rome all its Sicilian possessions except Lilybaeum (now Marsala) and Drepanum (now Trapani). In the winter of 248/7, Hamilcar Barca takes over the chief command of the Carthaginian forces in Sicily at a time when the island is almost completely in the hands of the Romans. Landing on the north-west of the island with a small mercenary force, he seizes a strong position on Mount Ercte (Monte Pellegrino, near Palermo), and not only successfully defends himself against all attacks, but also carries his raids as far as the coast of southern Italy.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1297567119#Carthage", "title": "247 BC", "revid": 1297567119, "section": "Events › By place › Carthage"}}, {"year": -241, "year_label": "242 BCE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": null, "text": "The Roman consul and commander, Gaius Lutatius Catulus, blockades the Sicilian cities of Lilybaeum and Drepanum with a fleet of 200 ships.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1210520734#Roman_Republic", "title": "242 BC", "revid": 1210520734, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Republic"}}, {"year": -240, "year_label": "241 BCE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "March 10", "text": "March 10 – Battle of the Aegates: The Carthaginian fleet sent to relieve the Roman blockade of the Sicilian cities of Lilybaeum and Drepanum is totally defeated near the Aegates Islands off western Sicily by the Roman fleet led by Roman consul and commander Gaius Lutatius Catulus. The result is a decisive Roman victory which forces an end to the protracted First Punic War, to Rome's distinct advantage.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1304843215#Roman_Republic", "title": "241 BC", "revid": 1304843215, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Republic"}}, {"year": -35, "year_label": "36 BCE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Marcus Lepidus lands 12 legions from Africa and lays siege to Lilybaeum. He loses his army to Octavian when his men mutiny. Lepidus is kept in luxurious captivity in Rome until his death.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372976843#Roman_Republic", "title": "36 BC", "revid": 1372976843, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Republic"}}, {"year": 476, "year_label": "476 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Winter – Zeno recognizes the full extent of the Vandal Kingdom, including all of western Africa, the Balearic Islands, Corsica, Sardinia and Sicily. King Gaiseric gives Sicily, with the exception of the city of Lilybaeum, to Odoacer in return for tribute.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1355222972#Roman_Empire", "title": "476", "revid": 1355222972, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Empire"}}, {"year": 1266, "year_label": "1266 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "June 23", "text": "June 23 – Battle of Trapani: The Venetian fleet (24 galleys) led by Admiral Jacopo Dondulo moves to Marsala and attacks the larger Genoese fleet anchored at Trapani, capturing all its ships. Some 1,200 Genoese drown and many are killed. Dondulo is acclaimed a hero on his return to Venice in July and elected as Captain General of the Sea, Venice's highest naval command position.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1351320651#Europe", "title": "1266", "revid": 1351320651, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}]}