{"slug": "marshall-islands", "label": "Marshall Islands", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marshall_Islands", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q709", "qid": "Q709", "description": "country near the equator in the Pacific Ocean", "entries": 8, "years": 8, "span": [1526, 1986], "span_label": ["1526 CE", "1986 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Exploration & Expansion", "count": 3}, {"title": "Technology & Infrastructure", "count": 2}, {"title": "Disasters & Accidents", "count": 1}, {"title": "Conflict & Security", "count": 1}, {"title": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "count": 1}], "related": [{"slug": "mexico", "label": "Mexico", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "philippines", "label": "Philippines", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "qing-dynasty", "label": "Qing dynasty", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "dutch-east-indies", "label": "Dutch East Indies", "shared": 1}], "items": [{"year": 1526, "year_label": "1526 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": "August 21", "text": "August 21 – Spanish explorer Alonso de Salazar becomes the first European to sight the Marshall Islands, in the Pacific Ocean.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369353275#July–September", "title": "1526", "revid": 1369353275, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1788, "year_label": "1788 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": "June 17", "text": "June 17 – English captains Thomas Gilbert and John Marshall, returning from Botany Bay, become the first Europeans to encounter the Gilbert Islands in the Pacific Ocean. They also chart islands in \"Lord Mulgrove's range\", later known as the Marshall Islands.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1357260814#April–June", "title": "1788", "revid": 1357260814, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1845, "year_label": "1845 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": "January 1", "text": "January 1 – The Philippines began reckoning Asian dates by hopping the International Date Line through skipping Tuesday, December 31, 1844. That time zone shift was a reform made by Governor–General Narciso Claveria on August 16, 1844, in order to align the local calendars in the country with the rest of Asia as trade interests with Imperial China, Dutch East Indies and neighboring countries increased, after Mexico became independent in 1821. The reform also applied to Caroline Islands, Guam, Marianas Islands, Marshall Islands, and Palau as part of the Captaincy General of the Philippines.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364939346#January–March", "title": "1845", "revid": 1364939346, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1942, "year_label": "1942 CE", "section": "Disasters & Accidents", "date": "February 1", "text": "February 1 – WWII: Marshalls–Gilberts raids: Admiral William Halsey Jr sends airstrikes from the carrier USS Enterprise against Kwajalein, Taroa, Wotje in the Marshall Islands. At the same time, cruisers and destroyers bombard Taroa and Wotje. The strikes inflict light to moderate damage on the three islands' naval garrisons, sink three warships and damage several others, including the light cruiser Katori and damage 15 Japanese aircraft. Further south, the carrier USS Yorktown attacks Jaluit, Mili and Makin in the Gilbert Islands. They inflict moderate damage to the Japanese naval installations and destroy three aircraft.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372873908#February", "title": "1942", "revid": 1372873908, "section": "Events › February"}}, {"year": 1951, "year_label": "1951 CE", "section": "Technology & Infrastructure", "date": "May 8", "text": "May 8 – Operation Greenhouse: The first thermonuclear weapon is tested in the \"George\" test on Enewetok Atoll in the Marshall Islands by the United States.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368856437#May", "title": "1951", "revid": 1368856437, "section": "Events › May"}}, {"year": 1952, "year_label": "1952 CE", "section": "Technology & Infrastructure", "date": "November 1", "text": "November 1 – Nuclear testing and Operation Ivy: The United States successfully detonates the first hydrogen bomb, codenamed \"Mike\", at Eniwetok Atoll in the Marshall Islands in the central Pacific Ocean, with a yield of 10.4 megatons.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373187098#November–December", "title": "1952", "revid": 1373187098, "section": "Events › November–December"}}, {"year": 1954, "year_label": "1954 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "March 27", "text": "March 27 – The Castle Romeo nuclear test explosion is executed at Bikini Atoll, in the Marshall Islands.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369212684#March", "title": "1954", "revid": 1369212684, "section": "Events › March"}}, {"year": 1986, "year_label": "1986 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "October 21", "text": "October 21 – The Marshall Islands became an associated state under the Compact of Free Association.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373510075#October", "title": "1986", "revid": 1373510075, "section": "Events › October"}}]}