{"slug": "mary-queen-of-scots", "label": "Mary, Queen of Scots", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mary%2C_Queen_of_Scots", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131412", "qid": "Q131412", "description": "Queen of Scotland from 1542 to 1567 (1542–1587)", "entries": 21, "years": 17, "span": [1542, 1587], "span_label": ["1542 CE", "1587 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Conflict & Security", "count": 7}, {"title": "Culture & Society", "count": 5}, {"title": "Deaths", "count": 4}, {"title": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "count": 3}, {"title": "Crime & Justice", "count": 2}], "related": [{"slug": "elizabeth-i", "label": "Elizabeth I", "shared": 4}, {"slug": "kingdom-of-scotland", "label": "Kingdom of Scotland", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "kingdom-of-france", "label": "Kingdom of France", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "edinburgh", "label": "Edinburgh", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "james-v", "label": "James V", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "kingdom-of-england", "label": "Kingdom of England", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "france", "label": "France", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "henry-ii-of-france", "label": "Henry II of France", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "leith", "label": "Leith", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "james-vi-and-i", "label": "James VI and I", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "notre-dame-de-paris", "label": "Notre-Dame de Paris", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "dauphin-of-france", "label": "Dauphin of France", "shared": 1}], "items": [{"year": 1542, "year_label": "1542 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "December 14", "text": "December 14 – Mary, Queen of Scots, aged six days, becomes queen regnant on the death of her father, James V of Scotland.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1359947406#October–December", "title": "1542", "revid": 1359947406, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1546, "year_label": "1546 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "July 8", "text": "July 8 – the Earl of Arran, Regent of Scotland for Mary, Queen of Scots recaptures Dumbarton Castle from England after a 20-day siege.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368296265#July–September", "title": "1546", "revid": 1368296265, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1547, "year_label": "1547 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "July 17", "text": "July 17 – After the Earl of Arran, Regent of Scotland for Mary, Queen of Scots, is unable to get England to voluntarily return control of Langholm to Scotland, he \"reduces it by force.\".", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369359234#July–September", "title": "1547", "revid": 1369359234, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1548, "year_label": "1548 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "January 27", "text": "January 27 – King Henri II of France makes the Châtillon agreement, a contract for betrothal for an arranged marriage between his four year old son, Prince Francois, to the five year old Mary, Queen of Scots, to take place in 1558.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366656469#January–March", "title": "1548", "revid": 1366656469, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1548, "year_label": "1548 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "July 7", "text": "July 7 – A marriage treaty is signed between Scotland and France, whereby five-year-old Mary, Queen of Scots, is betrothed to the future King Francis II of France.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366656469#July–September", "title": "1548", "revid": 1366656469, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1558, "year_label": "1558 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "April 24", "text": "April 24 – Mary, Queen of Scots, marries Francis, Dauphin of France, at Notre-Dame de Paris.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368141988#April–June", "title": "1558", "revid": 1368141988, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1559, "year_label": "1559 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "July 25", "text": "July 25 – The Articles of Leith are signed in Edinburgh between the Protestant Lords of the Congregation and the Roman Catholic representatives of the Scottish regent, Mary of Guise, the widow of King James V, who is ruling on behalf of her daughter, the 17-year-old Mary, Queen of Scots. The Lords, who have occupied Edinburgh since June, withdraw their troops in return for the Scottish crown's agreement to not interfere with the practice of Protestantism in Scotland.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366794840#July–September", "title": "1559", "revid": 1366794840, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1561, "year_label": "1561 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "August 19", "text": "August 19 – Mary, Queen of Scots, is denied passage through England after returning from France. She arrives at Leith, Scotland later the same day.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1358043209#July–September", "title": "1561", "revid": 1358043209, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1562, "year_label": "1562 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "June 14", "text": "June 14 – At dinner at Dunfermline Castle, Mary, Queen of Scots, displays a gold ring set with a heart shaped diamond from her collection and declares that she will send it to Queen Elizabeth of England as a gift and a possible summit conference in the future.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362000458#April–June", "title": "1562", "revid": 1362000458, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1565, "year_label": "1565 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "July 29", "text": "July 29 – The widowed Mary, Queen of Scots, marries her half-cousin Henry Stuart, Lord Darnley, at Holyrood Palace in Edinburgh, in a Catholic ceremony.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1323811827#July–September", "title": "1565", "revid": 1323811827, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1566, "year_label": "1566 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "March 9", "text": "March 9 – David Rizzio, Italian secretary of Mary, Queen of Scots (b. 1533)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365562466#Deaths", "title": "1566", "revid": 1365562466, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 1567, "year_label": "1567 CE", "section": "Crime & Justice", "date": "February 10", "text": "February 10 – Henry Stuart, Lord Darnley, husband of Mary, Queen of Scots, is murdered at the Provost's House in Kirk o' Field, Edinburgh.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362147494#January–March", "title": "1567", "revid": 1362147494, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1567, "year_label": "1567 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "February 10", "text": "February 10 – Henry Stuart, Lord Darnley, consort of Mary, Queen of Scots (b. 1545)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362147494#Deaths", "title": "1567", "revid": 1362147494, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 1568, "year_label": "1568 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "May 13", "text": "May 13 – Marian civil war in Scotland: Battle of Langside – The forces of Mary, Queen of Scots, are defeated by a confederacy of Scottish Protestants under James Stewart, 1st Earl of Moray, regent of Scotland and her half-brother.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362476556#April–June", "title": "1568", "revid": 1362476556, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1568, "year_label": "1568 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "May 16", "text": "May 16 – Mary, Queen of Scots, flees across the Solway Firth from Scotland to England but on May 19 is placed in custody in Carlisle Castle on the orders of Queen Elizabeth I, her cousin.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362476556#April–June", "title": "1568", "revid": 1362476556, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1568, "year_label": "1568 CE", "section": "Crime & Justice", "date": "May 2", "text": "May 2 – The deposed Mary, Queen of Scots, escapes from Lochleven Castle.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362476556#April–June", "title": "1568", "revid": 1362476556, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1569, "year_label": "1569 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "November 9", "text": "November 9 – The Rising of the North begins in England as the Earl of Westmorland and the Earl of Northumberland, both Catholic nobles, set off from Brancepeth Castle in County Durham with 700 men, in hopes of overthrowing Queen Elizabeth I and placing the Catholic Mary, Queen of Scots, on the English throne.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366794933#October–December", "title": "1569", "revid": 1366794933, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1571, "year_label": "1571 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "September 5", "text": "September 5 – John Erskine, Earl of Mar is selected by the Scottish royal family to be the new Regent of Scotland to rule on behalf of the 5-year-old King James VI. The Earl of Mar replaces Matthew Stewart, 4th Earl of Lennox, the King's grandfather, who was assassinated the day before by supporters of his daughter-in-law the imprisoned Mary, Queen of Scots.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369367955#July–September", "title": "1571", "revid": 1369367955, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1578, "year_label": "1578 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "April 14", "text": "April 14 – James Hepburn, 4th Earl of Bothwell, consort of Mary, Queen of Scots (b. 1535)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1356931160#Deaths", "title": "1578", "revid": 1356931160, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 1584, "year_label": "1584 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "November 24", "text": "November 24 – Albert Fontenay sends an enciphered letter to Mary, Queen of Scots that will become the chief evidence against her in her trial for treason during the Babington Plot. After becoming a witness for the English government in return for immunity from prosecution, Jérôme Pasquier will decipher the letter in 1586, leading to Mary's conviction for an attempt to assassinate Queen Elizabeth and to overthrow the English government.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369561067#October–December", "title": "1584", "revid": 1369561067, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1587, "year_label": "1587 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "February 8", "text": "February 8 – Mary, Queen of Scots, the monarch of Scotland from 1542 to 1567, is beheaded in front of 300 witnesses at Fotheringhay Castle, seven days after the signing of a death warrant by her cousin, Queen Elizabeth of England. Mary has been convicted of treason for her role in the Babington Plot, a conspiracy to overthrow the English government and to assassinate Elizabeth.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362478812#January–March", "title": "1587", "revid": 1362478812, "section": "Events › January–March"}}]}