{"slug": "mexican-revolution", "label": "Mexican Revolution", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mexican_Revolution", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214426", "qid": "Q214426", "description": "nationwide armed struggle in Mexico (1910–1920)", "entries": 24, "years": 9, "span": [1910, 1920], "span_label": ["1910 CE", "1920 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Conflict & Security", "count": 15}, {"title": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "count": 6}, {"title": "Climate & Environment", "count": 1}, {"title": "Crime & Justice", "count": 1}, {"title": "Science & Discovery", "count": 1}], "related": [{"slug": "arizona", "label": "Arizona", "shared": 1}], "items": [{"year": 1910, "year_label": "1910 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "November 20", "text": "November 20 – The Mexican Revolution begins, when Francisco I. Madero proclaims the elections of 1910 null and void, and calls for an armed revolution against the illegitimate presidency/dictatorship of Porfirio Díaz.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373495790#November", "title": "1910", "revid": 1373495790, "section": "Events › November"}}, {"year": 1911, "year_label": "1911 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "April 13", "text": "April 13 – Mexican Revolution: Rebels take Agua Prieta on the Sonora–Arizona border; government troops take the town back April 17, when the rebel leader \"Red\" López gets drunk.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373497014#April", "title": "1911", "revid": 1373497014, "section": "Events › April"}}, {"year": 1911, "year_label": "1911 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "April 19", "text": "April 19 – Mexican Revolution: Francisco I. Madero's troops besiege Ciudad Juárez, but General Juan J. Navarro refuses his surrender demand.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373497014#April", "title": "1911", "revid": 1373497014, "section": "Events › April"}}, {"year": 1911, "year_label": "1911 CE", "section": "Climate & Environment", "date": "June 7", "text": "June 7 – Mexican Revolution: Francisco Madero arrives in Mexico City, just after the 1911 Michoacán earthquake.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373497014#June", "title": "1911", "revid": 1373497014, "section": "Events › June"}}, {"year": 1911, "year_label": "1911 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "May 13", "text": "May 13–15 – Mexican Revolution: Torreón massacre – Over 300 Chinese residents are massacred by the revolutionary forces of Francisco I. Madero, in the Mexican city of Torreón.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373497014#May", "title": "1911", "revid": 1373497014, "section": "Events › May"}}, {"year": 1911, "year_label": "1911 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "May 21", "text": "May 21 – Mexican Revolution: In Ciudad Juárez, a peace treaty is signed between Madero's rebels and government troops.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373497014#May", "title": "1911", "revid": 1373497014, "section": "Events › May"}}, {"year": 1911, "year_label": "1911 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "May 24", "text": "May 24 – Mexican Revolution: Government troops fire at anti-Diaz demonstrators in Mexico City, killing about 200 (officials claim only 40).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373497014#May", "title": "1911", "revid": 1373497014, "section": "Events › May"}}, {"year": 1911, "year_label": "1911 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "May 25", "text": "May 25 – Mexican Revolution: Porfirio Díaz signs his resignation and leaves for Veracruz; on May 31 he leaves for exile in France.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373497014#May", "title": "1911", "revid": 1373497014, "section": "Events › May"}}, {"year": 1911, "year_label": "1911 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "May 8", "text": "May 8 – Mexican Revolution: Pancho Villa launches an attack against government troops in Ciudad Juárez without Madero's permission; the government troops surrender on May 10.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373497014#May", "title": "1911", "revid": 1373497014, "section": "Events › May"}}, {"year": 1911, "year_label": "1911 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "October 16", "text": "October 16 – Mexican Revolution: Felix Diaz, nephew of Porfirio Díaz, occupies the port of Veracruz, as a sign of rebellion against Madero.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373497014#October", "title": "1911", "revid": 1373497014, "section": "Events › October"}}, {"year": 1913, "year_label": "1913 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "February 9", "text": "February 9 – Mexican Revolution: \"La Decena Trágica\", the rebellion of some military chiefs against the President Francisco I. Madero, begins.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373505613#February", "title": "1913", "revid": 1373505613, "section": "Events › February"}}, {"year": 1913, "year_label": "1913 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "March 13", "text": "March 13 – Mexican Revolution: Pancho Villa returns to Mexico from his self-imposed exile in the United States.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373505613#March", "title": "1913", "revid": 1373505613, "section": "Events › March"}}, {"year": 1913, "year_label": "1913 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "March 26", "text": "March 26 – Mexican Revolution: Venustiano Carranza announces his Plan of Guadalupe, and begins his rebellion against Victoriano Huerta's government, as head of the Constitutionals.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373505613#March", "title": "1913", "revid": 1373505613, "section": "Events › March"}}, {"year": 1913, "year_label": "1913 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "October 1", "text": "October 1 – Mexican Revolution: Pancho Villa's troops take Torreón after a 3-day battle, when government troops retreat.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373505613#October", "title": "1913", "revid": 1373505613, "section": "Events › October"}}, {"year": 1914, "year_label": "1914 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "July 15", "text": "July 15 – Mexican Revolution: Victoriano Huerta resigns from the presidency of Mexico.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373518346#July", "title": "1914", "revid": 1373518346, "section": "Events › July"}}, {"year": 1914, "year_label": "1914 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "November 23", "text": "November 23 – Mexican Revolution: The last U.S. forces withdraw from Veracruz, occupied seven months earlier in response to the Tampico Affair; Venustiano Carranza's troops take over, and Carranza makes the town his headquarters.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373518346#November", "title": "1914", "revid": 1373518346, "section": "Events › November"}}, {"year": 1915, "year_label": "1915 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "June 3", "text": "June 3 – Mexican Revolution: Troops of Álvaro Obregón and Pancho Villa clash at León; Obregón loses his right arm in a grenade attack, but Villa is decisively defeated.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373518749#June", "title": "1915", "revid": 1373518749, "section": "Events › June"}}, {"year": 1915, "year_label": "1915 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "October 19", "text": "October 19 – Mexican Revolution: The U.S. recognizes the Mexican government of Venustiano Carranza de facto (not de jure until 1917).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373518749#October", "title": "1915", "revid": 1373518749, "section": "Events › October"}}, {"year": 1916, "year_label": "1916 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "March 16", "text": "March 16 – Mexican Revolution: The U.S. 7th and 10th Cavalry regiments under John J. Pershing cross the border, to join the hunt for Villa.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373519106#March", "title": "1916", "revid": 1373519106, "section": "Events › March"}}, {"year": 1916, "year_label": "1916 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "March 8", "text": "March 8–9 – Mexican Revolution: Pancho Villa leads about 500 Mexican raiders in an attack against Columbus, New Mexico, killing 12 U.S. soldiers. A garrison of the U.S. 13th Cavalry Regiment fights back and drives them away.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373519106#March", "title": "1916", "revid": 1373519106, "section": "Events › March"}}, {"year": 1917, "year_label": "1917 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "March 11", "text": "March 11 – Mexican Revolution: Venustiano Carranza is elected president of Mexico; the United States gives de jure recognition of his government.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373519608#March", "title": "1917", "revid": 1373519608, "section": "Events › March"}}, {"year": 1919, "year_label": "1919 CE", "section": "Crime & Justice", "date": "April 10", "text": "April 10 – Mexican Revolution leader Emiliano Zapata is ambushed and shot dead in Morelos.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373508849#April", "title": "1919", "revid": 1373508849, "section": "Events › April"}}, {"year": 1920, "year_label": "1920 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "April 11", "text": "April 11 – Mexican Revolution: Álvaro Obregón flees from Mexico City (during a trial intended to ruin his reputation) to Guerrero, where he joins Fortunato Maycotte.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369258210#April", "title": "1920", "revid": 1369258210, "section": "Events › April"}}, {"year": 1920, "year_label": "1920 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "May 7", "text": "May 7 – Mexican Revolution: Venustiano Carranza leaves Mexico City in a large train.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369258210#May", "title": "1920", "revid": 1369258210, "section": "Events › May"}}]}