{"slug": "midlands", "label": "Midlands", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Midlands", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q850235", "qid": "Q850235", "description": "area comprising central England", "entries": 11, "years": 10, "span": [606, 1811], "span_label": ["606 CE", "1811 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Conflict & Security", "count": 5}, {"title": "Deaths", "count": 3}, {"title": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "count": 1}, {"title": "Culture & Society", "count": 1}, {"title": "Crime & Justice", "count": 1}], "also_known_as": ["English Midlands", "The Midlands", "The Midlands, England"], "related": [{"slug": "mercia", "label": "Mercia", "shared": 6}, {"slug": "london", "label": "London", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "kingdom-of-scotland", "label": "Kingdom of Scotland", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "kingdom-of-england", "label": "Kingdom of England", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "henry-ii-of-england", "label": "Henry II of England", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "stephen-king-of-england", "label": "Stephen, King of England", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "empress-matilda", "label": "Empress Matilda", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "kingdom-of-essex", "label": "Kingdom of Essex", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "thelbald-of-mercia", "label": "Æthelbald of Mercia", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "humber", "label": "Humber", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "northumberland", "label": "Northumberland", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "cumberland", "label": "Cumberland", "shared": 1}], "items": [{"year": 606, "year_label": "606 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Cearl succeeds Pybba as king of Mercia (English Midlands).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340802689#Britain", "title": "606", "revid": 1340802689, "section": "Events › By place › Britain"}}, {"year": 642, "year_label": "642 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Eowa, king of Mercia (English Midlands)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367634849#Deaths", "title": "642", "revid": 1367634849, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 642, "year_label": "642 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "August 5", "text": "August 5 – Battle of Maserfield: King Penda of Mercia defeats and kills King Oswald of Northumbria, age 38, at Oswestry (West Midlands). He commands a united British and Mercian force, which includes the Welsh army of Kings Cadafael Cadomedd of Gwynedd and Cynddylan of Pengwern. The Mercians become dominant in the English Midlands.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367634849#Britain", "title": "642", "revid": 1367634849, "section": "Events › By place › Britain"}}, {"year": 656, "year_label": "656 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Peada, king of Mercia (Midlands)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367635539#Deaths", "title": "656", "revid": 1367635539, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 697, "year_label": "697 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Osthryth, queen of Mercia (English Midlands)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1361010652#Deaths", "title": "697", "revid": 1361010652, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 716, "year_label": "716 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": null, "text": "Prince Æthelbald returns from Crowland Fens to Mercia, and seizes the throne after the death of his cousin King Ceolred, who had driven him into exile (see 709). He gains hegemony over London, Essex, and all of the English Midlands. By 731, Æthelbald will have subjugated all provinces south of the Humber River under his overlordship.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340808331#Britain", "title": "716", "revid": 1340808331, "section": "Events › Byzantine Empire › Britain"}}, {"year": 1153, "year_label": "1153 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Spring – The 19-year-old Henry II of England lands with a Norman fleet (some 40 ships) on the south coast of England. He defeats King Stephen (a cousin of his mother, Queen Matilda) with a small army at Malmesbury. Henry travels north through the Midlands, while a temporary truce is accepted. Robert de Beaumont, 2nd Earl of Leicester, announces his support for the cause. Hoping to dethrone Stephen and replace him with Matilda.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369184506#Britain", "title": "1153", "revid": 1369184506, "section": "Events › By place › Britain"}}, {"year": 1200, "year_label": "1200 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "November 22", "text": "November 22 – During a tour of the Midlands, John receives homage from William the Lion, king of Scotland, at Lincoln. William is looking to move into the areas of Northumberland, Cumberland, and Westmoreland. John on the other hand ensures that these areas are controlled by English nobles he can trust.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1354902191#Britain", "title": "1200", "revid": 1354902191, "section": "Events › By place › Britain"}}, {"year": 1215, "year_label": "1215 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "December", "text": "December – First Barons' War: King John of England campaigns successfully in the Midlands and captures Nottingham Castle, on December 24. King Alexander II of Scotland joins the Barons and invades Northern England.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1359458031#Europe", "title": "1215", "revid": 1359458031, "section": "Events › By continent › Europe"}}, {"year": 1690, "year_label": "1690 CE", "section": "Crime & Justice", "date": "November 9", "text": "November 9 – Near South Mimms, England, several highwaymen stop a convoy carrying taxes from the Midlands to London and take £15,000.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369486553#October–December", "title": "1690", "revid": 1369486553, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1811, "year_label": "1811 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "November 4", "text": "November 4 – Luddite uprisings, in which workers destroy industrial machines, begin in northern England and the Midlands. According to one historian, \"The first attack on textile machines by men who used the name 'General Ludd' and called themselves his followers, was on the night of 4th November 1811 in the village of Bulwell, four miles north of Nottingham, when a small band of men gathered in the darkness and marched to the home of a master weaver called Hollingsworth,\" then destroyed six of his weaving machines.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1361375672#October–December", "title": "1811", "revid": 1361375672, "section": "Events › October–December"}}]}