{"slug": "ming-treasure-voyages", "label": "Ming treasure voyages", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ming_treasure_voyages", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q699127", "qid": "Q699127", "description": "seven Ming-era maritime voyages of the treasure fleet between 1405 and 1433", "entries": 9, "years": 7, "span": [1409, 1433], "span_label": ["1409 CE", "1433 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Exploration & Expansion", "count": 8}, {"title": "Religion & Belief", "count": 1}], "related": [{"slug": "zheng-he", "label": "Zheng He", "shared": 7}, {"slug": "ming-dynasty", "label": "Ming dynasty", "shared": 4}, {"slug": "yongle-emperor", "label": "Yongle Emperor", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "nanjing", "label": "Nanjing", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "china", "label": "China", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "xuande-emperor", "label": "Xuande Emperor", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "beijing", "label": "Beijing", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "indian-ocean", "label": "Indian Ocean", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "indonesia", "label": "Indonesia", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "java", "label": "Java", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "surabaya", "label": "Surabaya", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "sri-lanka", "label": "Sri Lanka", "shared": 1}], "items": [{"year": 1409, "year_label": "1409 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "February 15", "text": "February 15 – The Galle Trilingual Inscription, with inscriptions in three languages (Chinese, Tamil and Persian) is installed by the Chinese admiral Zheng He at Galle in Sri Lanka, where he has stopped while on his way home during the second of his treasure voyages.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1361998092#January–March", "title": "1409", "revid": 1361998092, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1412, "year_label": "1412 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": "December 18", "text": "December 18 – China's Emperor Cheng Zu orders the fourth of the Ming treasure voyages, to be led by Admiral Zheng He.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1357537157#October–December", "title": "1412", "revid": 1357537157, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1416, "year_label": "1416 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": "November 14", "text": "November 14 – China's Emperor Cheng Zu and his fleet return to Nanjing from his fourth expedition for treasure after having been away since 1413.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368829186#October–December", "title": "1416", "revid": 1368829186, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1418, "year_label": "1418 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": "December 30", "text": "December 30 – The Ming Chinese explorers, commanded by Admiral Zheng He, arrive in Yemen to open trade with the Arab kingdom, and the admiral is brought to the court of the Emir Al Malik al Nasir. The Chinese stay until January 27.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1357024356#October–December", "title": "1418", "revid": 1357024356, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1421, "year_label": "1421 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": "March 3", "text": "March 3 – Zheng He receives an imperial order from China's Emperor Zhu Di to begin the Ming treasure voyages, carrying imperial letters, silk products and other gifts to various rulers of countries around the Indian Ocean.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365656442#January–March", "title": "1421", "revid": 1365656442, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1432, "year_label": "1432 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": "March 7", "text": "March 7 – The seventh Ming Chinese overseas expedition fleet, led by Admiral Zheng He, arrives at the port of Surabaya on the island of Java (now in Indonesia). The Chinese do trading until leaving on July 13", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1361998124#January–March", "title": "1432", "revid": 1361998124, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1433, "year_label": "1433 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": "January 17", "text": "January 17 – The seventh Ming Chinese overseas expedition fleet, led by Admiral Zheng He, arrives at the island of Hormuz in the Persian Gulf, its furthest westward travel and stays for almost two months before setting off for its return to China.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1351320602#January–March", "title": "1433", "revid": 1351320602, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1433, "year_label": "1433 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": "July 22", "text": "July 22 – Admiral Zheng He and the crew of the seventh Ming Chinese overseas expedition return to China, arriving at Beijing two and one half years after their departure on January 19, 1411 from Nanjing. With the completion of the maritime expedition, the fleet is dispersed, altering the balance of power in the Indian Ocean, and making it easier for Portugal and other Western naval powers to gain dominance over the seas.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1351320602#July–September", "title": "1433", "revid": 1351320602, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1433, "year_label": "1433 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": "September 14", "text": "September 14 – Emperor Xuanzong of Ming dynasty China welcomes the envoys of 11 foreign nations that had sent representatives to travel back to China with Admiral Zheng He's fleet. Present at the Imperial Court as guests are envoys of the kings of Samudera, Kingdom of Kotte, Kingdom of Cochin, Calicut, Dhofar, Aden, Coimbatore, Hormuz, Jayile and Mecca.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1351320602#July–September", "title": "1433", "revid": 1351320602, "section": "Events › July–September"}}]}