{"slug": "monarch", "label": "Monarch", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monarch", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q116", "qid": "Q116", "description": "person at the head of a monarchy", "entries": 12, "years": 12, "span": [-1078, 1861], "span_label": ["1079 BCE", "1861 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Deaths", "count": 4}, {"title": "Conflict & Security", "count": 4}, {"title": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "count": 2}, {"title": "Religion & Belief", "count": 2}], "related": [{"slug": "zhou-dynasty", "label": "Zhou dynasty", "shared": 4}, {"slug": "china", "label": "China", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "henry-iii-of-france", "label": "Henry III of France", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "shang-dynasty", "label": "Shang dynasty", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "kingdom-of-england", "label": "Kingdom of England", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "henry-viii", "label": "Henry VIII", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "athens", "label": "Athens", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "sparta", "label": "Sparta", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "thebes-greece", "label": "Thebes, Greece", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "agesilaus-ii", "label": "Agesilaus II", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "arcadia-ancient-region", "label": "Arcadia (ancient region)", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "epaminondas", "label": "Epaminondas", "shared": 1}], "items": [{"year": -1078, "year_label": "1079 BCE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "1079 BC—Death of Zhou cheng wang, king of the Zhou dynasty of China.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1296833617#Events_and_trends", "title": "1070s BC", "revid": 1296833617, "section": "Events and trends"}}, {"year": -1077, "year_label": "1078 BCE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": null, "text": "1078 BC—Zhou kang wang becomes king of the Zhou dynasty of China.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1296833617#Events_and_trends", "title": "1070s BC", "revid": 1296833617, "section": "Events and trends"}}, {"year": -1067, "year_label": "1068 BCE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "1068 BC: Codrus, legendary King of Athens, dies in battle against Dorian invaders after a reign of 21 years. Athenian tradition considers him the last king to have held absolute power. Modern historians consider him the last king whose life account is part of Greek mythology. He is succeeded by his son Medon.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1353681936#Events", "title": "11th century BC", "revid": 1353681936, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": -1052, "year_label": "1053 BCE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "1053 BC—Death of Kang, king of the Zhou of ancient China. In September, a five-planetary alignment occurs.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1296833728#Events_and_trends", "title": "1050s BC", "revid": 1296833728, "section": "Events and trends"}}, {"year": -1045, "year_label": "1046 BCE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "1046 BC—Following the Battle of Muye, King Wu of Zhou overthrows the Shang dynasty under the Chinese King Di Xin, and establishes the Zhou dynasty (1046 BC–256 BC).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1296833763#Events_and_trends", "title": "1040s BC", "revid": 1296833763, "section": "Events and trends"}}, {"year": -1038, "year_label": "1039 BCE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "1039 BC — Neferkare Amenemnisu, king of Egypt, dies.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1296833826#Events_and_trends", "title": "1030s BC", "revid": 1296833826, "section": "Events and trends"}}, {"year": -369, "year_label": "370 BCE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "The Spartans under King Agesilaus II invade Arcadia. After appealing in vain to the Athenians for help, Arcadia turns to the Thebans. Epaminondas of Thebes arrives with an army, finds that the Spartans have retired and follows them.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1274974189#Greece", "title": "370 BC", "revid": 1274974189, "section": "Events › By place › Greece"}}, {"year": -342, "year_label": "343 BCE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "The King of Persia, Artaxerxes III, personally leads the Persian forces invading Egypt. The Persians are keen to access Egypt's gold and corn supplies. The town of Pelusium in the Nile Delta puts up resistance, but Pharaoh Nectanebo II is forced to retreat to Memphis. As the situation deteriorates, Nectanebo II leaves for exile in Nubia. His departure marks the end of the 30th Dynasty, the last native house to rule Egypt.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1354172730#Persian_Empire", "title": "343 BC", "revid": 1354172730, "section": "Events › By place › Persian Empire"}}, {"year": 1529, "year_label": "1529 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "Aylesbury is granted the county town of Buckinghamshire, England by King Henry VIII.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362793946#Date_unknown", "title": "1529", "revid": 1362793946, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1574, "year_label": "1574 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "May 30", "text": "May 30 – On the death of King Charles IX of France of a tubercular condition at the Château de Vincennes, he is succeeded by his brother King Henry of Poland, who becomes King Henry III of France. His mother, Catherine de' Medici, acts as Regent, until Henry arrives from Poland.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368294863#April–June", "title": "1574", "revid": 1368294863, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1632, "year_label": "1632 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "King Władysław IV Vasa of Poland forbids anti-Semitic books and printings.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1358528035#Date_unknown", "title": "1632", "revid": 1358528035, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1861, "year_label": "1861 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "March 17", "text": "March 17 – Unification of Italy: The Kingdom of Italy is proclaimed by the new Parliament, with Victor Emmanuel II of Piedmont-Sardinia becoming its king.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368946725#March", "title": "1861", "revid": 1368946725, "section": "Events › March"}}]}