{"slug": "montreal", "label": "Montreal", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Montreal", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q340", "qid": "Q340", "description": "largest city in Quebec, Canada", "entries": 35, "years": 30, "span": [1535, 2019], "span_label": ["1535 CE", "2019 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Culture & Society", "count": 8}, {"title": "Technology & Infrastructure", "count": 5}, {"title": "Conflict & Security", "count": 5}, {"title": "Disasters & Accidents", "count": 4}, {"title": "Exploration & Expansion", "count": 3}, {"title": "Religion & Belief", "count": 3}, {"title": "Crime & Justice", "count": 2}, {"title": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "count": 1}, {"title": "Health & Medicine", "count": 1}, {"title": "Climate & Environment", "count": 1}, {"title": "Science & Discovery", "count": 1}, {"title": "Economy & Finance", "count": 1}], "related": [{"slug": "quebec", "label": "Quebec", "shared": 9}, {"slug": "quebec-city", "label": "Quebec City", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "new-france", "label": "New France", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "france", "label": "France", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "cuba", "label": "Cuba", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "john-lennon", "label": "John Lennon", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "kingdom-of-great-britain", "label": "Kingdom of Great Britain", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "thirteen-colonies", "label": "Thirteen Colonies", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "hudson-s-bay-company", "label": "Hudson's Bay Company", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "governor-general-of-canada", "label": "Governor General of Canada", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "african-american", "label": "African American", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "charles-de-gaulle", "label": "Charles de Gaulle", "shared": 1}], "items": [{"year": 1535, "year_label": "1535 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": "October 2", "text": "October 2 – Jacques Cartier reaches the island in the Saint Lawrence River, that eventually becomes Montreal.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369561145#October–December", "title": "1535", "revid": 1369561145, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1639, "year_label": "1639 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "French nobleman Jérôme le Royer de la Dauversière obtains the seigneurial title to the island of Montreal in New France (modern-day Quebec) in the name of the Société Notre-Dame de Montréal to establish a Roman Catholic mission to evangelize indigenous peoples.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360051116#Date_unknown", "title": "1639", "revid": 1360051116, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1642, "year_label": "1642 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "May 17", "text": "May 17 – Ville-Marie (later Montreal) is founded as a permanent settlement.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1350256188#April–June", "title": "1642", "revid": 1350256188, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1643, "year_label": "1643 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "Paul de Chomedey, Sieur de Maisonneuve, places the first Mount Royal Cross atop Mount Royal above Montreal.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340617365#Date_unknown", "title": "1643", "revid": 1340617365, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1686, "year_label": "1686 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": "March 3", "text": "March 3 – A group of 107 French Canadian soldiers, under the command of Pierre de Troyes, begins the Hudson Bay expedition, departing from Montreal on an 800 mi journey to take control of the properties of British North American settlers of the Hudson's Bay Company. The group marches for 82 days and arrives at the first Hudson's Bay fort, at Moose Factory on June 19.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368502958#January–March", "title": "1686", "revid": 1368502958, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1702, "year_label": "1702 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": "October 28", "text": "October 28 – Sieur Juchereau, Lieutenant General of Montréal, establishes the first trading post on the Wabash River in order to trade buffalo hides with American Indians. The site of the trading post may be the modern-day location of Vincennes, Indiana.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362986314#October–December", "title": "1702", "revid": 1362986314, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1734, "year_label": "1734 CE", "section": "Disasters & Accidents", "date": "June 21", "text": "June 21 – In Montreal, New France, a black slave known by the French name of Marie-Joseph Angélique is tortured then hanged by the French authorities for allegedly setting a fire that destroyed part of the city.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1363450203#April–June", "title": "1734", "revid": 1363450203, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1735, "year_label": "1735 CE", "section": "Technology & Infrastructure", "date": null, "text": "Quebec: Construction begins on the Chemin du roy between Quebec and Montreal.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365121192#Date_unknown", "title": "1735", "revid": 1365121192, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1760, "year_label": "1760 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "April 20", "text": "April 20 – France's Marshal François Gaston de Lévis departs from Montreal up the St. Lawrence River with 7,000 troops on a plan to retake Quebec City from the British.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1358844484#April–June", "title": "1760", "revid": 1358844484, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1765, "year_label": "1765 CE", "section": "Disasters & Accidents", "date": "May 18", "text": "May 18 – Not long after British rule has started over the formerly French colony of Quebec, an accidental fire destroys one quarter of the town of Montreal.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373039097#April–June", "title": "1765", "revid": 1373039097, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1775, "year_label": "1775 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "September 25", "text": "September 25 – American Revolution: Siege of Fort St. Jean – Battle of Longue-Pointe: Thirteen Colonies revolutionary forces under Maj. Ethan Allen attack Montreal in Quebec, commanded by British General Guy Carleton. Allen's forces are defeated, and Allen himself is captured and held on British ships until he is released.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365589248#July–December", "title": "1775", "revid": 1365589248, "section": "Events › July–December"}}, {"year": 1837, "year_label": "1837 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "November 6", "text": "November 6 Louis-Joseph Papineau begins the Lower Canada Rebellion in the Quebec city of Montreal.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360323585#October–December", "title": "1837", "revid": 1360323585, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1849, "year_label": "1849 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "April 25", "text": "April 25 – James Bruce, 8th Earl of Elgin, the Governor General of Canada, signs the Rebellion Losses Bill, outraging Montreal's English population and triggering the Montreal Riots.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362576929#April–June", "title": "1849", "revid": 1362576929, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1851, "year_label": "1851 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "December 9", "text": "December 9 – The first YMCA in North America is established in Montreal.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1358777790#October–December", "title": "1851", "revid": 1358777790, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1864, "year_label": "1864 CE", "section": "Disasters & Accidents", "date": "June 29", "text": "June 29 – St-Hilaire train disaster, a passenger train operated by Grand Trunk Railway and travelling from Quebec City to Montreal is derailed at a swung open bridge after a signal passed at danger. The train also collapses onto a ship, sinking both ship and train. 99 people are killed and 100 injured making this the deadliest train accident in Canada's history.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369213895#June", "title": "1864", "revid": 1369213895, "section": "Events › June"}}, {"year": 1875, "year_label": "1875 CE", "section": "Technology & Infrastructure", "date": "March 3", "text": "March 3 – The first indoor ice hockey game is played at the Victoria Skating Rink in Montreal, Quebec, Canada.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371928758#March", "title": "1875", "revid": 1371928758, "section": "Events › March"}}, {"year": 1899, "year_label": "1899 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "August 10", "text": "August 10 – Marshall \"Major\" Taylor wins the world 1 mi km professional cycling championship in Montreal, securing his place as the first African American world champion in any sport.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371393177#August", "title": "1899", "revid": 1371393177, "section": "Events › August"}}, {"year": 1917, "year_label": "1917 CE", "section": "Technology & Infrastructure", "date": "November 22", "text": "November 22 – In Montreal, Quebec, Canada, the National Hockey Association suspends operations.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373519608#November", "title": "1917", "revid": 1373519608, "section": "Events › November"}}, {"year": 1952, "year_label": "1952 CE", "section": "Technology & Infrastructure", "date": "September 6", "text": "September 6 – The CBC in Montreal, Quebec, goes on air launching television in Canada.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373187098#September–October", "title": "1952", "revid": 1373187098, "section": "Events › September–October"}}, {"year": 1963, "year_label": "1963 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "June 5", "text": "June 5 – The first annual National Hockey League Entry Draft is held in Montreal, Canada.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370539540#June", "title": "1963", "revid": 1370539540, "section": "Events › June"}}, {"year": 1963, "year_label": "1963 CE", "section": "Disasters & Accidents", "date": "November 29", "text": "November 29 – Trans-Canada Air Lines Flight 831, a Douglas DC-8 crashes into a wooded hillside after taking-off from Dorval International Airport near Montreal, killing all 118 on board, the worst air disaster for many years in Canada's history.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370539540#November", "title": "1963", "revid": 1370539540, "section": "Events › November"}}, {"year": 1966, "year_label": "1966 CE", "section": "Technology & Infrastructure", "date": "October 14", "text": "October 14 – The city of Montreal inaugurates the Montreal Metro system.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370246126#October", "title": "1966", "revid": 1370246126, "section": "Events › October"}}, {"year": 1967, "year_label": "1967 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "April 27", "text": "April 27 – Montreal, Quebec, Expo 67, a World's Fair to coincide with the Canadian Confederation centennial, officially opens with Prime Minister Lester B. Pearson igniting the Expo Flame in the Place des Nations.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370160888#April", "title": "1967", "revid": 1370160888, "section": "Events › April"}}, {"year": 1967, "year_label": "1967 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "July 24", "text": "July 24 – During an official state visit to Canada, French President Charles de Gaulle declares to a crowd of over 100,000 in Montreal: Vive le Québec libre! (Long live free Quebec!). The statement, interpreted as support for Quebec independence, delights many Quebecers but angers the Canadian government and many English Canadians.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370160888#July", "title": "1967", "revid": 1370160888, "section": "Events › July"}}, {"year": 1967, "year_label": "1967 CE", "section": "Health & Medicine", "date": "October 29", "text": "October 29 – Expo 67 closes in Montreal, after having attracted more than 50 million visitors in six months.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370160888#October", "title": "1967", "revid": 1370160888, "section": "Events › October"}}, {"year": 1969, "year_label": "1969 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "May 26", "text": "May 26–June 2 – John Lennon and Yoko Ono conduct their second bed-in. The follow-up to the Amsterdam event is held at the Queen Elizabeth Hotel in Montreal, Quebec. Lennon composes and records the song \"Give Peace a Chance\" during the event.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373164180#May", "title": "1969", "revid": 1373164180, "section": "Events › May"}}, {"year": 1970, "year_label": "1970 CE", "section": "Crime & Justice", "date": "December 3", "text": "December 3 – October Crisis: In Montreal, kidnapped British trade commissioner James Cross is released by the Front de libération du Québec terrorist group after being held hostage for 60 days. Police negotiate his release and in return the Government of Canada grants 5 terrorists from the FLQ's Chenier Cell their request for safe passage to Cuba.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370420699#December", "title": "1970", "revid": 1370420699, "section": "Events › December"}}, {"year": 1970, "year_label": "1970 CE", "section": "Crime & Justice", "date": "October 10", "text": "October 10 – October Crisis: In Montreal, Quebec Minister of Labour Pierre Laporte becomes the second statesman kidnapped by members of the FLQ terrorist group.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370420699#October", "title": "1970", "revid": 1370420699, "section": "Events › October"}}, {"year": 1971, "year_label": "1971 CE", "section": "Climate & Environment", "date": "March 4", "text": "March 4 – The southern part of Quebec, and especially Montreal, receives \" (42 cm) of snow in what becomes known as the Century's Snowstorm (la tempête du siècle).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369905382#March", "title": "1971", "revid": 1369905382, "section": "Events › March"}}, {"year": 1976, "year_label": "1976 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "August 1", "text": "August 1 – The 1976 Summer Olympics ends in Montreal, Quebec, Canada.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372603253#August", "title": "1976", "revid": 1372603253, "section": "Events › August"}}, {"year": 1976, "year_label": "1976 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "July 17", "text": "July 17 – The 1976 Summer Olympics begin in Montreal, Quebec, Canada.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372603253#July", "title": "1976", "revid": 1372603253, "section": "Events › July"}}, {"year": 1981, "year_label": "1981 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "November 22", "text": "November 22 – The Edmonton Eskimos (14–1–1) barely stave off defeat and win a record 4th consecutive Grey Cup in the Canadian Football League, at the 69th Grey Cup at Montreal's Olympic Stadium, defeating the Ottawa Rough Riders (5–11–0) with a score of 26–23 in the final three seconds, after being down 20–1 at halftime.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369107326#November", "title": "1981", "revid": 1369107326, "section": "Events › November"}}, {"year": 1992, "year_label": "1992 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "August 24", "text": "August 24 – Concordia University massacre: Valery Fabrikant murders four colleagues and seriously wounds another in a shooting at Concordia University, in Montreal, Quebec.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368521010#August", "title": "1992", "revid": 1368521010, "section": "Events › August"}}, {"year": 2005, "year_label": "2005 CE", "section": "Economy & Finance", "date": "November 28", "text": "November 28 – The United Nations Climate Change Conference is held in Montreal.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368527363#November", "title": "2005", "revid": 1368527363, "section": "Events › November"}}, {"year": 2019, "year_label": "2019 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "September 27", "text": "September 27 – 500,000 people march in a climate change protest led by activist Greta Thunberg and Prime Minister Justin Trudeau in Montreal, Canada. 4,000,000 go on strike around the world.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373255188#September", "title": "2019", "revid": 1373255188, "section": "Events › September"}}]}