{"slug": "mount-vesuvius", "label": "Mount Vesuvius", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount_Vesuvius", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q524", "qid": "Q524", "description": "active stratovolcano in the Gulf of Naples, Italy", "entries": 13, "years": 13, "span": [-339, 1944], "span_label": ["340 BCE", "1944 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Climate & Environment", "count": 9}, {"title": "Conflict & Security", "count": 2}, {"title": "Deaths", "count": 1}, {"title": "Science & Discovery", "count": 1}], "related": [{"slug": "pompeii", "label": "Pompeii", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "italy", "label": "Italy", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "theodoric-the-great", "label": "Theodoric the Great", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "europe", "label": "Europe", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "naples", "label": "Naples", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "campania", "label": "Campania", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "looting", "label": "Looting", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "capua", "label": "Capua", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "calabria", "label": "Calabria", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "roman-navy", "label": "Roman navy", "shared": 1}], "items": [{"year": -339, "year_label": "340 BCE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "The Roman-Samnite army under consuls Publius Decius Mus and Titus Manlius Torquatus attack and defeat the Latins and Campanians near Mount Vesuvius in the Battle of Vesuvius.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1239354213#Roman_Republic", "title": "340 BC", "revid": 1239354213, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Republic"}}, {"year": -72, "year_label": "73 BCE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Third Servile War: Spartacus, a Thracian gladiator, escapes with around 70 slave-gladiators from a gladiator school at Capua. They defeat a small Roman force and equip themselves with captured military equipment as well with gladiatorial weapons. Spartacus and his band of gladiators plunder the region surrounding Capua and retire to a defensible position on Mount Vesuvius.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1232397998#Roman_Republic", "title": "73 BC", "revid": 1232397998, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Republic"}}, {"year": 63, "year_label": "63 CE", "section": "Climate & Environment", "date": null, "text": "Pompeii, the city at the foot of Mount Vesuvius, builds a new monumental forum, after the town is heavily damaged by a strong earthquake.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1330182489#Roman_Empire", "title": "AD 63", "revid": 1330182489, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Empire"}}, {"year": 79, "year_label": "79 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "August 24", "text": "August 24 or c. October 24 – Eruption of Mount Vesuvius: Mount Vesuvius erupts, destroying Pompeii, Herculaneum, Stabiae and Oplontis. The Roman navy (based at Misenum), commanded by Pliny the Elder, evacuates refugees. Pliny dies after inhaling volcanic fumes.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371506261#Roman_Empire", "title": "AD 79", "revid": 1371506261, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Empire"}}, {"year": 472, "year_label": "472 CE", "section": "Climate & Environment", "date": null, "text": "Mount Vesuvius erupts. During the volcanic eruption the whole of southern Europe is blanketed by ash.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1350806015#Roman_Empire", "title": "472", "revid": 1350806015, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Empire"}}, {"year": 512, "year_label": "512 CE", "section": "Climate & Environment", "date": null, "text": "King Theodoric the Great grants citizens on Mount Vesuvius exemption from taxes, after a severe eruption in southeastern Italy.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369170659#Europe", "title": "512", "revid": 1369170659, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 1631, "year_label": "1631 CE", "section": "Climate & Environment", "date": "December 16", "text": "December 16 – A volcanic eruption of Mount Vesuvius at Pompeii occurs, for the first time in several centuries.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1356869091#October–December", "title": "1631", "revid": 1356869091, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1694, "year_label": "1694 CE", "section": "Climate & Environment", "date": "April 13", "text": "April 13 – The largest volcanic eruption of Mount Vesuvius since 1631 takes place, with lava flows towards both San Giorgio a Cremano and Torre del Greco, after explosions in the crater that began April 5. Around April 20, ash falls are experienced as far away as Calabria.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1353084901#April–June", "title": "1694", "revid": 1353084901, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1704, "year_label": "1704 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "May 19", "text": "May 19–23 – Vigorous Strombolian activity from Mount Vesuvius, Italy is recorded.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1358992532#April–June", "title": "1704", "revid": 1358992532, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1709, "year_label": "1709 CE", "section": "Climate & Environment", "date": null, "text": "Herculaneum, an ancient town in Ercolano, Campania, Italy and buried under volcanic ash and pumice in the eruption of Mount Vesuvius in 79 AD, is discovered by accident when attempts to drill a well for a monastery encountered marble and other materials.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1361817608#Date_unknown", "title": "1709", "revid": 1361817608, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1794, "year_label": "1794 CE", "section": "Climate & Environment", "date": "June", "text": "June–July – Mount Vesuvius erupts in Italy; the town of Torre del Greco is destroyed.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362801189#April–June", "title": "1794", "revid": 1362801189, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1822, "year_label": "1822 CE", "section": "Climate & Environment", "date": "October 21", "text": "October 21 – The volcano Mount Vesuvius near Naples erupts.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367154222#October–December", "title": "1822", "revid": 1367154222, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1944, "year_label": "1944 CE", "section": "Climate & Environment", "date": "March 18", "text": "March 18 – The last eruption of Mount Vesuvius in Italy kills 26, and causes thousands to flee their homes.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370022611#March", "title": "1944", "revid": 1370022611, "section": "Events › March"}}]}