{"slug": "munich", "label": "Munich", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Munich", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1726", "qid": "Q1726", "description": "capital and most populous city of Bavaria, Germany", "entries": 39, "years": 36, "span": [-479, 2012], "span_label": ["480 BCE", "2012 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Culture & Society", "count": 12}, {"title": "Conflict & Security", "count": 9}, {"title": "Crime & Justice", "count": 5}, {"title": "Religion & Belief", "count": 3}, {"title": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "count": 3}, {"title": "Disasters & Accidents", "count": 2}, {"title": "Economy & Finance", "count": 2}, {"title": "Technology & Infrastructure", "count": 1}, {"title": "Exploration & Expansion", "count": 1}, {"title": "Science & Discovery", "count": 1}], "related": [{"slug": "adolf-hitler", "label": "Adolf Hitler", "shared": 5}, {"slug": "germany", "label": "Germany", "shared": 4}, {"slug": "bavaria", "label": "Bavaria", "shared": 4}, {"slug": "nazism", "label": "Nazism", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "holy-roman-empire", "label": "Holy Roman Empire", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "augsburg", "label": "Augsburg", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "regensburg", "label": "Regensburg", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "wurzburg", "label": "Würzburg", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "aegina", "label": "Aegina", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "order-of-saint-benedict", "label": "Order of Saint Benedict", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "austria", "label": "Austria", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "vienna", "label": "Vienna", "shared": 1}], "items": [{"year": -479, "year_label": "480 BCE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "A sculpture of the Dying Warrior is made in the left corner of the east pediment of the Temple of Aphaea in Aegina (approximate date). Today, it is preserved at the Staatliche Antikensammlungen und Glyptothek in Munich, Germany.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1342344662#Arts", "title": "480 BC", "revid": 1342344662, "section": "Events › By topic › Arts"}}, {"year": 762, "year_label": "762 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "Schäftlarn Abbey (Bavaria) is founded by Waltrich, a Benedictine monk of noble family, south of modern-day Munich, Germany.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340847727#Religion", "title": "762", "revid": 1340847727, "section": "Events › By topic › Religion"}}, {"year": 1327, "year_label": "1327 CE", "section": "Disasters & Accidents", "date": "February 13", "text": "February 13 – In Bavaria, a large fire breaks out in Munich and is not brought under control for two days. One-third of the buildings in the city are destroyed.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367267747#January_–_March", "title": "1327", "revid": 1367267747, "section": "Events › January – March"}}, {"year": 1328, "year_label": "1328 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "Undated – The Augustiner-Bräu is first recorded as the brewery of an Augustinian monastery at Munich.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1344099935#Events", "title": "1328", "revid": 1344099935, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1397, "year_label": "1397 CE", "section": "Technology & Infrastructure", "date": null, "text": "Neuhausergasse 4, the brewer of Spaten, is listed on the register of Munich breweries.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1363907908#Date_unknown", "title": "1397", "revid": 1363907908, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1589, "year_label": "1589 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": null, "text": "The Hofbräuhaus is founded, by William V, Duke of Bavaria, in Munich.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1359971295#Date_unknown", "title": "1589", "revid": 1359971295, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1609, "year_label": "1609 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "July 10", "text": "July 10 – The German Catholic League is formed in Munich by Maximilian I, Elector of Bavaria to counteract the Protestant Union. Maximilian assembles representatives from Augsburg, Konstanz, Passau, Regensburg, and Würzburg in an alliance \"for the defense of the Catholic religion and peace\" within the Holy Roman Empire.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365588617#July–September", "title": "1609", "revid": 1365588617, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1632, "year_label": "1632 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "May 17", "text": "May 17 – Thirty Years' War: Munich, capital of Bavaria, is captured by the Swedish army.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1358528035#April–June", "title": "1632", "revid": 1358528035, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1634, "year_label": "1634 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "February 24", "text": "February 24 – By this date, the Paulaner Brewery is established in Munich, by Minim friars.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1353730997#January–March", "title": "1634", "revid": 1353730997, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1705, "year_label": "1705 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "December 25", "text": "December 25 – In Munich, capital of Bavaria, 1,100 militiamen from the Oberland are killed during the Sendlinger Mordweihnacht after a failed attempt to break through several gates and capture a depot to seize better weaponry; many men are slaughtered by German federal infantry and Hungarian Hussars, despite their capitulation to Austrian officers.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1355353320#October–December", "title": "1705", "revid": 1355353320, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1745, "year_label": "1745 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "January 7", "text": "January 7 – War of the Austrian Succession: The Austrian Army, under the command of Field Marshal Károly József Batthyány, makes a surprise attack at Amberg and the winter quarters of the Bavarian Army, and scatters the Bavarian defending troops, then captures the Bavarian capital of Munich.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1353016128#January–March", "title": "1745", "revid": 1353016128, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1810, "year_label": "1810 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "October 12", "text": "October 12 – First Oktoberfest: Bavarian royalty invites the citizens of Munich to join the celebration of the marriage of Crown Prince Ludwig of Bavaria, to Princess Therese of Saxe-Hildburghausen.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1357106545#October–December", "title": "1810", "revid": 1357106545, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1830, "year_label": "1830 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": null, "text": "The Glyptothek museum of classical sculpture, commissioned by King Ludwig I of Bavaria, is opened as Munich's first public museum.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1352223718#Date_unknown", "title": "1830", "revid": 1352223718, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1836, "year_label": "1836 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": null, "text": "In Munich, the art museum Alte Pinakothek opened.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368342504#Date_unknown", "title": "1836", "revid": 1368342504, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1844, "year_label": "1844 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": null, "text": "In Munich, the Feldherrnhalle is completed.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372570203#Date_unknown", "title": "1844", "revid": 1372570203, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1853, "year_label": "1853 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "October 25", "text": "October 25 – In Munich, the art museum Neue Pinakothek opens.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1352708271#October–December", "title": "1853", "revid": 1352708271, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1870, "year_label": "1870 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "June 26", "text": "June 26 – Richard Wagner's opera Die Walküre is first performed at Munich's National Theatre.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362496807#June", "title": "1870", "revid": 1362496807, "section": "Events › June"}}, {"year": 1872, "year_label": "1872 CE", "section": "Economy & Finance", "date": "November 22", "text": "November 22 – \"Spitzeder Swindle\": Adele Spitzeder's pioneering Ponzi scheme in Munich collapses.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371307490#November", "title": "1872", "revid": 1371307490, "section": "Events › November"}}, {"year": 1880, "year_label": "1880 CE", "section": "Economy & Finance", "date": "October 1", "text": "October 1 – German company Munich Re is founded in Munich.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371273111#October", "title": "1880", "revid": 1371273111, "section": "Events › October"}}, {"year": 1895, "year_label": "1895 CE", "section": "Crime & Justice", "date": "March 3", "text": "March 3 – In Munich, Germany, bicyclists have to pass a test and display license plates.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364324653#March", "title": "1895", "revid": 1364324653, "section": "Events › March"}}, {"year": 1900, "year_label": "1900 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "February 27", "text": "February 27 – FC Bayern, Germany's most successful football club, is founded in Munich.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373317536#February", "title": "1900", "revid": 1373317536, "section": "Events › February"}}, {"year": 1911, "year_label": "1911 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": "December 18", "text": "December 18 – The first exhibition by Der Blaue Reiter group of painters opens in Munich.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373497014#December", "title": "1911", "revid": 1373497014, "section": "Events › December"}}, {"year": 1913, "year_label": "1913 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "May 24", "text": "May 24–25 – Adolf Hitler moves from Vienna to Munich.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373505613#May", "title": "1913", "revid": 1373505613, "section": "Events › May"}}, {"year": 1913, "year_label": "1913 CE", "section": "Crime & Justice", "date": "September 7", "text": "September 7–8 – The Fourth Congress of the International Psychoanalytical Association (the last occasion on which Carl Jung and Sigmund Freud will meet) takes place in Munich.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373505613#September", "title": "1913", "revid": 1373505613, "section": "Events › September"}}, {"year": 1920, "year_label": "1920 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "February 24", "text": "February 24 – Adolf Hitler presents his National Socialist Program in Munich to the German Workers' Party (Deutsche Arbeiterpartei), which renames itself as the Nazi Party (Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369258210#February", "title": "1920", "revid": 1369258210, "section": "Events › February"}}, {"year": 1921, "year_label": "1921 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "November 4", "text": "November 4 – After a speech by Adolf Hitler in the Hofbräuhaus in Munich (Germany), members of the Sturmabteilung (\"brownshirts\") physically assault his opposition.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371086035#November", "title": "1921", "revid": 1371086035, "section": "Events › November"}}, {"year": 1922, "year_label": "1922 CE", "section": "Crime & Justice", "date": "March 31", "text": "March 31 – Six die in the Hinterkaifeck murders north of Munich.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369983934#March", "title": "1922", "revid": 1369983934, "section": "Events › March"}}, {"year": 1923, "year_label": "1923 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "May 9", "text": "May 9 – The premiere of Bertolt Brecht's play In the Jungle (Im Dickicht), at the Residenztheater in Munich, is interrupted by Nazi demonstrators.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367772921#May–June", "title": "1923", "revid": 1367772921, "section": "Events › May–June"}}, {"year": 1923, "year_label": "1923 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "November 8", "text": "November 8 – Beer Hall Putsch: In Munich, Adolf Hitler leads the Nazis in an unsuccessful attempt to overthrow the Bavarian government; police and troops crush the attempt the next day in one of several significant events on 9 November in German history. 20 people die as a result of associated violence.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367772921#November–December", "title": "1923", "revid": 1367772921, "section": "Events › November–December"}}, {"year": 1938, "year_label": "1938 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "September 28", "text": "September 28 – As his self-imposed October 1 deadline for occupation of the Sudetenland approaches, Adolf Hitler invites Italian Duce Benito Mussolini, French Premier Édouard Daladier, and British Prime Minister Neville Chamberlain to one last conference in Munich. The Czechs themselves are not invited.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368818751#September", "title": "1938", "revid": 1368818751, "section": "Events › September"}}, {"year": 1939, "year_label": "1939 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "November 8", "text": "November 8 – WWII: In Munich, an attempt to kill Adolf Hitler is made by Georg Elser while Hitler is celebrating the 16th anniversary of the Beer Hall Putsch.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372426050#November", "title": "1939", "revid": 1372426050, "section": "Events › November"}}, {"year": 1945, "year_label": "1945 CE", "section": "Disasters & Accidents", "date": "July 16", "text": "July 16 – A train collision near Munich, Germany kills 102 war prisoners.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371513862#July", "title": "1945", "revid": 1371513862, "section": "Events › July"}}, {"year": 1967, "year_label": "1967 CE", "section": "Crime & Justice", "date": "January 23", "text": "January 23 – In Munich, the trial begins of Wilhelm Harster, accused of the murder of 82,856 Jews (including Anne Frank) when he led German security police during the German occupation of the Netherlands. He is eventually sentenced to 15 years in prison.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370160888#January", "title": "1967", "revid": 1370160888, "section": "Events › January"}}, {"year": 1970, "year_label": "1970 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "November 19", "text": "November 19 – The six European Economic Community nation prime ministers meet in Munich to begin the new programme of European Political Cooperation (EPC), a unified foreign policy for a future European Union.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370420699#November", "title": "1970", "revid": 1370420699, "section": "Events › November"}}, {"year": 1971, "year_label": "1971 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "July 25", "text": "July 25–30 – Arturo Benedetti Michelangeli records two Debussy works in Munich for Deutsche Grammophon, his fifth recording.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369905382#July", "title": "1971", "revid": 1369905382, "section": "Events › July"}}, {"year": 1972, "year_label": "1972 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "August 26", "text": "August 26–September 10 – The 1972 Summer Olympics are held in Munich, West Germany.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371514417#August", "title": "1972", "revid": 1371514417, "section": "Events › August"}}, {"year": 1972, "year_label": "1972 CE", "section": "Crime & Justice", "date": "September 5", "text": "September 5–6 – Munich massacre: Eleven Israeli athletes at the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich are murdered after eight members of the Arab terrorist group Black September invade the Olympic Village; five guerillas and one policeman are also killed in a failed hostage rescue.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371514417#September", "title": "1972", "revid": 1371514417, "section": "Events › September"}}, {"year": 1980, "year_label": "1980 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "September 26", "text": "September 26 – Oktoberfest bombing: 13 people are killed and 211 injured in a right-wing terror attack in Munich (West Germany).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1363797378#September", "title": "1980", "revid": 1363797378, "section": "Events › September"}}, {"year": 2012, "year_label": "2012 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "May 19", "text": "May 19 – Chelsea wins the 2011-12 UEFA Champions League held in Munich, Germany by beating the home side Bayern Munich in the final.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373434549#May", "title": "2012", "revid": 1373434549, "section": "Events › May"}}]}