{"slug": "nasa", "label": "NASA", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NASA", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23548", "qid": "Q23548", "description": "American space and aeronautics agency", "entries": 75, "years": 46, "span": [1908, 2022], "span_label": ["1908 CE", "2022 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Science & Discovery", "count": 67}, {"title": "Disasters & Accidents", "count": 3}, {"title": "Climate & Environment", "count": 2}, {"title": "Technology & Infrastructure", "count": 2}, {"title": "Exploration & Expansion", "count": 1}], "related": [{"slug": "mars", "label": "Mars", "shared": 10}, {"slug": "apollo-program", "label": "Apollo program", "shared": 4}, {"slug": "moon", "label": "Moon", "shared": 4}, {"slug": "mercury-planet", "label": "Mercury (planet)", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "space-shuttle", "label": "Space Shuttle", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "international-space-station", "label": "International Space Station", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "saturn", "label": "Saturn", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "jupiter", "label": "Jupiter", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "pluto", "label": "Pluto", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "spacex", "label": "SpaceX", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "dwight-d-eisenhower", "label": "Dwight D. Eisenhower", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "earth", "label": "Earth", "shared": 1}], "items": [{"year": 1908, "year_label": "1908 CE", "section": "Climate & Environment", "date": null, "text": "This is the coldest recorded year since 1880, according to NASA reports.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373410903#Undated", "title": "1908", "revid": 1373410903, "section": "Events › Undated"}}, {"year": 1958, "year_label": "1958 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "October 1", "text": "October 1 – NASA starts operations and replaces the NACA in the United States.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371827125#October", "title": "1958", "revid": 1371827125, "section": "Events › October"}}, {"year": 1958, "year_label": "1958 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "October 11", "text": "October 11 – Pioneer 1, the second and most successful of the 3 project Able space probes, becomes the first spacecraft launched by the newly formed NASA.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371827125#October", "title": "1958", "revid": 1371827125, "section": "Events › October"}}, {"year": 1959, "year_label": "1959 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "April 9", "text": "April 9 – NASA announces its selection of seven military pilots to become the first U.S. astronauts, later known as the 'Mercury Seven'.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370221732#April", "title": "1959", "revid": 1370221732, "section": "Events › April"}}, {"year": 1960, "year_label": "1960 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "September 8", "text": "September 8 – In Huntsville, Alabama, U.S. President Dwight D. Eisenhower formally dedicates the Marshall Space Flight Center (which had been activated by NASA on July 1).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371870774#September", "title": "1960", "revid": 1371870774, "section": "Events › September"}}, {"year": 1962, "year_label": "1962 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "August 27", "text": "August 27 – NASA launches the Mariner 2 space probe.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373095518#August", "title": "1962", "revid": 1373095518, "section": "Events › August"}}, {"year": 1963, "year_label": "1963 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "July 26", "text": "July 26 – NASA launches Syncom 2, the world's first geostationary (synchronous) satellite.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370539540#July", "title": "1963", "revid": 1370539540, "section": "Events › July"}}, {"year": 1963, "year_label": "1963 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "May 15", "text": "May 15 – Project Mercury: NASA launches Gordon Cooper on Mercury-Atlas 9, the last Mercury mission (on June 12 NASA Administrator James E. Webb tells Congress the program is complete).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370539540#May", "title": "1963", "revid": 1370539540, "section": "Events › May"}}, {"year": 1964, "year_label": "1964 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "January 29", "text": "January 29 – Ranger 6 is launched by the US space agency NASA, on a mission to carry television cameras and crash-land on the Moon.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371069587#January", "title": "1964", "revid": 1371069587, "section": "Events › January"}}, {"year": 1965, "year_label": "1965 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "August 21", "text": "August 21 – NASA launches Gemini 5 (Gordon Cooper, Pete Conrad) on the first 1-week space flight, as well as the first test of fuel cells for electrical power on such a mission.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368843670#July–August", "title": "1965", "revid": 1368843670, "section": "Events › July–August"}}, {"year": 1965, "year_label": "1965 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "March 23", "text": "March 23 – Gemini 3: NASA launches the United States' first 2-person crew (Gus Grissom, John Young) into Earth orbit.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368843670#March–April", "title": "1965", "revid": 1368843670, "section": "Events › March–April"}}, {"year": 1966, "year_label": "1966 CE", "section": "Disasters & Accidents", "date": "June 8", "text": "June 8 – A North American XB-70 Valkyrie strategic bomber prototype is destroyed in a mid-air collision with an F-104 Starfighter chase plane during a photo shoot. NASA pilot Joseph A. Walker and USAF test pilot Carl Cross are both killed.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370246126#June", "title": "1966", "revid": 1370246126, "section": "Events › June"}}, {"year": 1966, "year_label": "1966 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "March 16", "text": "March 16 – NASA spacecraft Gemini 8 (David Scott, Neil Armstrong) conducts the first docking in space, with an Agena target vehicle.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370246126#March", "title": "1966", "revid": 1370246126, "section": "Events › March"}}, {"year": 1967, "year_label": "1967 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "February 5", "text": "February 5 – NASA launches Lunar Orbiter 3.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370160888#February", "title": "1967", "revid": 1370160888, "section": "Events › February"}}, {"year": 1967, "year_label": "1967 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "May 18", "text": "May 18 – NASA announces the crew for the Apollo 7 space mission (the first in the Apollo series with a crew): Wally Schirra, Donn F. Eisele, and R. Walter Cunningham.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370160888#May", "title": "1967", "revid": 1370160888, "section": "Events › May"}}, {"year": 1967, "year_label": "1967 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "November 9", "text": "November 9 – Apollo program: NASA launches the first Saturn V rocket, successfully carrying the Apollo 4 test spacecraft from Cape Kennedy into Earth orbit.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370160888#November", "title": "1967", "revid": 1370160888, "section": "Events › November"}}, {"year": 1968, "year_label": "1968 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "October 11", "text": "October 11 – Apollo program: NASA launches Apollo 7, the first crewed Apollo mission (Wally Schirra, Donn Eisele, Walter Cunningham). Mission goals include the first live television broadcast from orbit and simulating lunar module rendezvous and docking, using the S-IVB rocket stage as a test target.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371310387#September–October", "title": "1968", "revid": 1371310387, "section": "Events › September–October"}}, {"year": 1969, "year_label": "1969 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "March 3", "text": "March 3 – Apollo program: NASA launches Apollo 9 (James McDivitt, Rusty Schweickart, David Scott) to test the lunar module.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373164180#March", "title": "1969", "revid": 1373164180, "section": "Events › March"}}, {"year": 1969, "year_label": "1969 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "November 14", "text": "November 14 – Apollo program: NASA launches Apollo 12 (Pete Conrad, Richard Gordon, Alan Bean), the second crewed mission to the Moon.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373164180#November", "title": "1969", "revid": 1373164180, "section": "Events › November"}}, {"year": 1970, "year_label": "1970 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "March 31", "text": "March 31 – NASA's Explorer 1, the first American satellite and Explorer program spacecraft, reenters Earth's atmosphere after 12 years in orbit.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370420699#March", "title": "1970", "revid": 1370420699, "section": "Events › March"}}, {"year": 1973, "year_label": "1973 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "November 16", "text": "November 16 – Skylab program: NASA launches Skylab 4 (Gerald Carr, William Pogue, Edward Gibson) from Cape Canaveral, Florida, on an 84-day mission.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373239256#November", "title": "1973", "revid": 1373239256, "section": "Events › November"}}, {"year": 1973, "year_label": "1973 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "November 3", "text": "November 3 – Mariner program: NASA launches Mariner 10 toward Mercury (on March 29, 1974, it becomes the first space probe to reach that planet).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373239256#November", "title": "1973", "revid": 1373239256, "section": "Events › November"}}, {"year": 1975, "year_label": "1975 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "August 20", "text": "August 20 – Viking program: NASA launches the Viking 1 planetary probe toward Mars.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369955775#August", "title": "1975", "revid": 1369955775, "section": "Events › August"}}, {"year": 1976, "year_label": "1976 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "July 31", "text": "July 31 – NASA releases the famous Face on Mars photo, taken by Viking 1.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372603253#July", "title": "1976", "revid": 1372603253, "section": "Events › July"}}, {"year": 1977, "year_label": "1977 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "August 12", "text": "August 12 – The NASA Space Shuttle, named Enterprise, makes its first test free-flight from the back of a Boeing 747 Shuttle Carrier Aircraft.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371657539#August", "title": "1977", "revid": 1371657539, "section": "Events › August"}}, {"year": 1979, "year_label": "1979 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "July 11", "text": "July 11 – NASA's first orbiting space station, Skylab, begins falling back Earth as its orbit decays after more than six years.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371786119#July", "title": "1979", "revid": 1371786119, "section": "Events › July"}}, {"year": 1980, "year_label": "1980 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "November 10", "text": "November 10–12 – Voyager program: The NASA space probe Voyager I makes its closest approach to Saturn, when it flies within 77,000 mi km of the planet's cloud-tops and sends the first high-resolution images of the world back to scientists on Earth.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1363797378#November", "title": "1980", "revid": 1363797378, "section": "Events › November"}}, {"year": 1981, "year_label": "1981 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "April 12", "text": "April 12 – The Space Shuttle program: Space Shuttle Columbia, with NASA astronauts John Young and Robert Crippen, launches on the STS-1 mission, returning to Earth on April 14. It is the first time a crewed reusable spacecraft has returned from orbit.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369107326#April", "title": "1981", "revid": 1369107326, "section": "Events › April"}}, {"year": 1987, "year_label": "1987 CE", "section": "Technology & Infrastructure", "date": "December 1", "text": "December 1 – NASA announces the names of 4 companies awarded contracts to help build Space Station Freedom: Boeing Aerospace, General Electric's Astro-Space Division, McDonnell Douglas, and the Rocketdyne Division of Rockwell.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372769014#December", "title": "1987", "revid": 1372769014, "section": "Events › December"}}, {"year": 1988, "year_label": "1988 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "September 29", "text": "September 29 – STS-26: NASA resumes Space Shuttle flights, grounded after the Challenger disaster, with Space Shuttle Discovery.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373532411#September", "title": "1988", "revid": 1373532411, "section": "Events › September"}}, {"year": 1989, "year_label": "1989 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "October 18", "text": "October 18 – NASA launches the uncrewed Galileo orbiter on a mission to study the planet Jupiter, via Atlantis mission STS-34.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369557705#October", "title": "1989", "revid": 1369557705, "section": "Events › October"}}, {"year": 1991, "year_label": "1991 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "October 29", "text": "October 29 – NASA's Galileo spacecraft makes its closest approach to 951 Gaspra, becoming the first probe to visit an asteroid.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371487470#October", "title": "1991", "revid": 1371487470, "section": "Events › October"}}, {"year": 1993, "year_label": "1993 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "August 21", "text": "August 21 – NASA loses radio contact with the Mars Observer orbiter 3 days before the spacecraft is scheduled to enter orbit around Mars.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366430372#August", "title": "1993", "revid": 1366430372, "section": "Events › August"}}, {"year": 1993, "year_label": "1993 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "December 2", "text": "December 2 – STS-61: NASA launches the Space Shuttle Endeavour on a mission to repair an optical flaw in the Hubble Space Telescope.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366430372#December", "title": "1993", "revid": 1366430372, "section": "Events › December"}}, {"year": 1994, "year_label": "1994 CE", "section": "Technology & Infrastructure", "date": "June 23", "text": "June 23 – NASA's Space Station Processing Facility, a new state-of-the-art manufacturing building for the International Space Station, officially opens at Kennedy Space Center.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369917016#June", "title": "1994", "revid": 1369917016, "section": "Events › June"}}, {"year": 1995, "year_label": "1995 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "June 6", "text": "June 6 – U.S. astronaut Norman Thagard breaks NASA's space endurance record of 14 days, 1 hour and 16 minutes, aboard the Russian space station Mir.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372467239#June", "title": "1995", "revid": 1372467239, "section": "Events › June"}}, {"year": 1995, "year_label": "1995 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "November 1", "text": "November 1 – The last signal is received from NASA's Pioneer 11 spacecraft.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372467239#November", "title": "1995", "revid": 1372467239, "section": "Events › November"}}, {"year": 1996, "year_label": "1996 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "August 6", "text": "August 6 – NASA announces that the Allan Hills 84001 meteorite, thought to originate from Mars, may contain evidence of primitive lifeforms; further tests are inconclusive.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371596794#August", "title": "1996", "revid": 1371596794, "section": "Events › August"}}, {"year": 1996, "year_label": "1996 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "November 7", "text": "November 7 – NASA launches the Mars Global Surveyor.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371596794#November", "title": "1996", "revid": 1371596794, "section": "Events › November"}}, {"year": 1997, "year_label": "1997 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "July 4", "text": "July 4 – NASA's Pathfinder space probe lands on the surface of Mars.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367978156#July", "title": "1997", "revid": 1367978156, "section": "Events › July"}}, {"year": 1997, "year_label": "1997 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "November 27", "text": "November 27 – NASA's Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission is launched, the start of the satellite component of the Clouds and the Earth's Radiant Energy System.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367978156#November", "title": "1997", "revid": 1367978156, "section": "Events › November"}}, {"year": 1997, "year_label": "1997 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "October 15", "text": "October 15 – NASA launches the Cassini–Huygens probe to Saturn.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367978156#October", "title": "1997", "revid": 1367978156, "section": "Events › October"}}, {"year": 1998, "year_label": "1998 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "March 5", "text": "March 5 – NASA announces that the Clementine probe orbiting the Moon has found enough water in polar craters to support a human colony and rocket fueling station.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373236679#March", "title": "1998", "revid": 1373236679, "section": "Events › March"}}, {"year": 1999, "year_label": "1999 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "December 3", "text": "December 3 – NASA loses radio contact with the Mars Polar Lander, moments before the spacecraft enters the Martian atmosphere.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369767946#December", "title": "1999", "revid": 1369767946, "section": "Events › December"}}, {"year": 1999, "year_label": "1999 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "January 3", "text": "January 3 – The Mars Polar Lander is launched by NASA.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369767946#January", "title": "1999", "revid": 1369767946, "section": "Events › January"}}, {"year": 1999, "year_label": "1999 CE", "section": "Disasters & Accidents", "date": "July 31", "text": "July 31 – NASA intentionally crashes the Lunar Prospector spacecraft into the Moon, thus ending its mission to detect frozen water on the lunar surface.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369767946#July", "title": "1999", "revid": 1369767946, "section": "Events › July"}}, {"year": 1999, "year_label": "1999 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "September 23", "text": "September 23 – NASA permanently loses contact with the Mars Climate Orbiter during orbital insertion around Mars, resulting in the spacecraft's loss and the failure of the mission.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369767946#September", "title": "1999", "revid": 1369767946, "section": "Events › September"}}, {"year": 2001, "year_label": "2001 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "April 7", "text": "April 7 – The NASA orbiter 2001 Mars Odyssey launches on a Delta II rocket.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373523156#April", "title": "2001", "revid": 1373523156, "section": "Events › April"}}, {"year": 2002, "year_label": "2002 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "February 19", "text": "February 19 – NASA's 2001 Mars Odyssey space probe begins to map the surface of Mars using its thermal emission imaging system.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372652846#February", "title": "2002", "revid": 1372652846, "section": "Events › February"}}, {"year": 2003, "year_label": "2003 CE", "section": "Climate & Environment", "date": "January 23", "text": "January 23 – NASA loses contact with the Pioneer 10 probe after nearly 31 years.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371470479#January", "title": "2003", "revid": 1371470479, "section": "Events › January"}}, {"year": 2004, "year_label": "2004 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "August 3", "text": "August 3 – NASA's MESSENGER space probe is launched, with its primary mission being the study of Mercury.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373088592#August", "title": "2004", "revid": 1373088592, "section": "Events › August"}}, {"year": 2004, "year_label": "2004 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "March 9", "text": "March 9 – NASA releases the Hubble Ultra-Deep Field image of early galaxies.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373088592#March", "title": "2004", "revid": 1373088592, "section": "Events › March"}}, {"year": 2006, "year_label": "2006 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "August 24", "text": "August 24 – The International Astronomical Union defines 'planet' at its 26th General Assembly, removing Pluto's status as a planet and reclassifying it as a dwarf planet 76 years after its discovery. Ironically, this was in the same year when NASA sent its first probe to the celestial body.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373069605#August", "title": "2006", "revid": 1373069605, "section": "Events › August"}}, {"year": 2006, "year_label": "2006 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "January 15", "text": "January 15 – NASA's Stardust mission successfully ends, the first to return dust from a comet.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373069605#January", "title": "2006", "revid": 1373069605, "section": "Events › January"}}, {"year": 2006, "year_label": "2006 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "January 19", "text": "January 19 – NASA launches the first interplanetary space probe to Pluto, the New Horizons.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373069605#January", "title": "2006", "revid": 1373069605, "section": "Events › January"}}, {"year": 2006, "year_label": "2006 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "March 9", "text": "March 9 – NASA's Cassini–Huygens spacecraft announces a geyser-like emission of vapor, dust, and small ice crystals on Saturn's moon Enceladus, possibly indicating the presence of water.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373069605#March", "title": "2006", "revid": 1373069605, "section": "Events › March"}}, {"year": 2007, "year_label": "2007 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "June 5", "text": "June 5 – NASA's MESSENGER spacecraft makes its second fly-by of Venus on route to Mercury.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370930640#June", "title": "2007", "revid": 1370930640, "section": "Events › June"}}, {"year": 2008, "year_label": "2008 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "May 25", "text": "May 25 – NASA's uncrewed Phoenix spacecraft becomes the first to land on the northern polar region of Mars.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372634791#May", "title": "2008", "revid": 1372634791, "section": "Events › May"}}, {"year": 2009, "year_label": "2009 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "June 18", "text": "June 18 – NASA launches the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter / LCROSS probes to the Moon, the first American lunar mission since Lunar Prospector in 1998.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367728140#June", "title": "2009", "revid": 1367728140, "section": "Events › June"}}, {"year": 2009, "year_label": "2009 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "March 7", "text": "March 7 – NASA's Kepler Mission, a space photometer that will search for extrasolar planets in the Milky Way galaxy, is launched from Cape Canaveral Air Force Station, Florida, USA.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367728140#March", "title": "2009", "revid": 1367728140, "section": "Events › March"}}, {"year": 2009, "year_label": "2009 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "November 13", "text": "November 13 – Having analyzed the data from the LCROSS lunar impact, NASA announces that it has found a \"significant\" quantity of water in the Moon's Cabeus crater.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367728140#November", "title": "2009", "revid": 1367728140, "section": "Events › November"}}, {"year": 2015, "year_label": "2015 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "March 6", "text": "March 6 – NASA's Dawn probe enters orbit around Ceres, becoming the first spacecraft to visit a dwarf planet.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373300271#March", "title": "2015", "revid": 1373300271, "section": "Events › March"}}, {"year": 2015, "year_label": "2015 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "September 28", "text": "September 28 – NASA announces that liquid water has been found on Mars.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373300271#September", "title": "2015", "revid": 1373300271, "section": "Events › September"}}, {"year": 2016, "year_label": "2016 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "July 5", "text": "July 5 – NASA's Juno spacecraft enters orbit around Jupiter and begins a 20-month survey of the planet.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373421880#July", "title": "2016", "revid": 1373421880, "section": "Events › July"}}, {"year": 2018, "year_label": "2018 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": "August 12", "text": "August 12 – NASA launches the uncrewed Parker Solar Probe to study the Sun at close range and the solar wind.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373090883#August", "title": "2018", "revid": 1373090883, "section": "Events › August"}}, {"year": 2018, "year_label": "2018 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "May 5", "text": "May 5 – NASA's space probe InSight is launched. It landed on Mars on November 26 and uses a drill to conduct geological science.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373090883#May", "title": "2018", "revid": 1373090883, "section": "Events › May"}}, {"year": 2018, "year_label": "2018 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "October 30", "text": "October 30 – NASA's Kepler space telescope mission ends after the spacecraft runs out of fuel.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373090883#October", "title": "2018", "revid": 1373090883, "section": "Events › October"}}, {"year": 2019, "year_label": "2019 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "October 18", "text": "October 18 – NASA astronauts Jessica Meir and Christina Koch conduct the first all-female spacewalk outside of the International Space Station.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373255188#October", "title": "2019", "revid": 1373255188, "section": "Events › October"}}, {"year": 2020, "year_label": "2020 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "April 30", "text": "April 30 – NASA officially selects SpaceX, Blue Origin, and Dynetics to build its next-generation lunar lander to carry American astronauts to the Moon by 2024.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371633312#April", "title": "2020", "revid": 1371633312, "section": "Events › April"}}, {"year": 2020, "year_label": "2020 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "February 13", "text": "February 13 – NASA publishes a detailed study of Arrokoth, the most distant body ever explored by a spacecraft.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371633312#February", "title": "2020", "revid": 1371633312, "section": "Events › February"}}, {"year": 2020, "year_label": "2020 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "July 30", "text": "July 30 – NASA successfully launches its Mars 2020 rover mission to search for signs of ancient life and collect samples for return to Earth. The mission includes technology demonstrations to prepare for future human missions.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371633312#July", "title": "2020", "revid": 1371633312, "section": "Events › July"}}, {"year": 2020, "year_label": "2020 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "November 15", "text": "November 15 – NASA and SpaceX launch the SpaceX Crew-1 mission from Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39A to the ISS, the first operational flight of the Crew Dragon capsule.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371633312#November", "title": "2020", "revid": 1371633312, "section": "Events › November"}}, {"year": 2021, "year_label": "2021 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "December 25", "text": "December 25 – NASA, ESA, the Canadian Space Agency and the Space Telescope Science Institute launch the James Webb Space Telescope, the successor of the Hubble Space Telescope.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372689859#December", "title": "2021", "revid": 1372689859, "section": "Events › December"}}, {"year": 2021, "year_label": "2021 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "February 18", "text": "February 18 – NASA's Mars 2020 mission (containing the Perseverance rover and Ingenuity helicopter drone) lands on Mars at Jezero Crater, after seven months of travel.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372689859#February", "title": "2021", "revid": 1372689859, "section": "Events › February"}}, {"year": 2022, "year_label": "2022 CE", "section": "Disasters & Accidents", "date": "September 26", "text": "September 26 – NASA's DART crashes into the asteroid Dimorphos in a first test of potential planetary defense.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371998228#September", "title": "2022", "revid": 1371998228, "section": "Events › September"}}]}