{"slug": "nepal", "label": "Nepal", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nepal", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837", "qid": "Q837", "description": "country in South Asia", "entries": 26, "years": 23, "span": [399, 2025], "span_label": ["399 CE", "2025 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "count": 5}, {"title": "Climate & Environment", "count": 5}, {"title": "Exploration & Expansion", "count": 4}, {"title": "Conflict & Security", "count": 3}, {"title": "Religion & Belief", "count": 2}, {"title": "Disasters & Accidents", "count": 2}, {"title": "Economy & Finance", "count": 1}, {"title": "Births", "count": 1}, {"title": "Culture & Society", "count": 1}, {"title": "Science & Discovery", "count": 1}, {"title": "Deaths", "count": 1}], "related": [{"slug": "india", "label": "India", "shared": 6}, {"slug": "tibet", "label": "Tibet", "shared": 4}, {"slug": "china", "label": "China", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "bangladesh", "label": "Bangladesh", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "buddhism", "label": "Buddhism", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "sri-lanka", "label": "Sri Lanka", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "faxian", "label": "Faxian", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "pakistan", "label": "Pakistan", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "karnataka", "label": "Karnataka", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "kerala", "label": "Kerala", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "maharashtra", "label": "Maharashtra", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "mercalli-intensity-scale", "label": "Mercalli intensity scale", "shared": 1}], "items": [{"year": 399, "year_label": "399 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": null, "text": "Fa-Hien, Chinese Buddhist monk, travels to India, Sri Lanka and Kapilavastu (modern Nepal).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364933714#Asia", "title": "399", "revid": 1364933714, "section": "Events › By place › Asia"}}, {"year": 605, "year_label": "605 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": null, "text": "Amshuvarma becomes king of the Licchavi in Nepal. He is credited for opening trade routes to Tibet. His ruling period is known as the \"Golden Period\".", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364904400#Asia", "title": "605", "revid": 1364904400, "section": "Events › By place › Asia"}}, {"year": 649, "year_label": "649 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "June 16", "text": "June 16 – Battle of Chabuheluo: General Wang Xuance commands a combined Chinese, Nepalese, and Tibetan expedition into India. He ends up winning the battle and acquiring a Buddhist relic.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365938693#China", "title": "649", "revid": 1365938693, "section": "Events › By place › China"}}, {"year": 723, "year_label": "723 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": null, "text": "Gunakamadeva, Lichhavi ruler (rajah), founds the city of Kathmandu (modern Nepal). During his reign, he transforms the agrarian society to an industrial city trading between India and Tibet.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364904987#Asia", "title": "723", "revid": 1364904987, "section": "Events › By place › Asia"}}, {"year": 1427, "year_label": "1427 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": null, "text": "Bhaktapur Royal Palace in Nepal is built by King Yaksa Malla.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365937201#Date_unknown", "title": "1427", "revid": 1365937201, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1505, "year_label": "1505 CE", "section": "Climate & Environment", "date": "June 6", "text": "June 6 – The M8.2–8.8 Lo Mustang earthquake strikes Nepal, causing severe damage in Kathmandu, western Nepal, and some parts of the Indo-Gangetic plain.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360582113#April–June", "title": "1505", "revid": 1360582113, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1559, "year_label": "1559 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "September 4", "text": "September 4 – Gorkha state is established by Dravya Shah, beating local Khadka kings, which is the origin of the current country of Nepal.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366794840#July–September", "title": "1559", "revid": 1366794840, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1768, "year_label": "1768 CE", "section": "Economy & Finance", "date": "December 21", "text": "December 21 – King Prithvi Narayan Shah unifies several small kingdoms to establish modern-day Nepal; this dynasty will end in 2008.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369390957#October–December", "title": "1768", "revid": 1369390957, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1816, "year_label": "1816 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "March 1", "text": "March 1 – The Gorkha War between the United Kingdom and Nepal is ended after more than a year by the ratification of the Treaty of Sugauli, with Nepal ceding about one-third of its territory to British Indian control.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1363267979#January–March", "title": "1816", "revid": 1363267979, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1855, "year_label": "1855 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "April 3", "text": "April 3 – The Nepalese invasion of Tibet (west of China) to the north across the Himalaya Mountains (tallest and most rugged in the world) starts the Nepalese–Tibetan War (1855–1856).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1358982600#April–June", "title": "1855", "revid": 1358982600, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1920, "year_label": "1920 CE", "section": "Births", "date": "June 11", "text": "June 11 – King Mahendra of Nepal (d. 1972)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369258210#June", "title": "1920", "revid": 1369258210, "section": "Births › June"}}, {"year": 1923, "year_label": "1923 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "December 21", "text": "December 21 – The Nepal–Britain Treaty is the first to define the international status of Nepal as an independent sovereign country.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367772921#November–December", "title": "1923", "revid": 1367772921, "section": "Events › November–December"}}, {"year": 1934, "year_label": "1934 CE", "section": "Climate & Environment", "date": "January 15", "text": "January 15 – The 8.0 Nepal–Bihar earthquake strikes Nepal and Bihar with a maximum Mercalli intensity of XI (Extreme), killing an estimated 6,000–10,700 people.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372993239#January–February", "title": "1934", "revid": 1372993239, "section": "Events › January–February"}}, {"year": 1953, "year_label": "1953 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": "May 29", "text": "May 29 – 1953 British Mount Everest expedition: Sir Edmund Hillary from New Zealand and Tenzing Norgay from Nepal become the first men to reach the summit of Mount Everest.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371310369#May", "title": "1953", "revid": 1371310369, "section": "Events › May"}}, {"year": 1972, "year_label": "1972 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "January 31", "text": "January 31 – King Birendra succeeds his father as King of Nepal.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371514417#January", "title": "1972", "revid": 1371514417, "section": "Events › January"}}, {"year": 1976, "year_label": "1976 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "July 19", "text": "July 19 – Sagarmatha National Park in Nepal is created.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372603253#July", "title": "1976", "revid": 1372603253, "section": "Events › July"}}, {"year": 1983, "year_label": "1983 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "December 5", "text": "December 5 – ICIMOD is established and inaugurated with its headquarters in Kathmandu, Nepal, and legitimised through an Act of Parliament in Nepal this same year.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366392977#December", "title": "1983", "revid": 1366392977, "section": "Events › December"}}, {"year": 1985, "year_label": "1985 CE", "section": "Climate & Environment", "date": "June 20", "text": "June 20 – 1985 Nepal bombings: A series of bomb blasts occurs in Kathmandu and other cities of Nepal.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369963057#June", "title": "1985", "revid": 1369963057, "section": "Events › June"}}, {"year": 1992, "year_label": "1992 CE", "section": "Disasters & Accidents", "date": "July 31", "text": "July 31 – Thai Airways International Flight 311, an Airbus A310-300, crashes into a mountain north of Kathmandu, Nepal killing all 113 people on board.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368521010#July", "title": "1992", "revid": 1368521010, "section": "Events › July"}}, {"year": 2015, "year_label": "2015 CE", "section": "Climate & Environment", "date": "April 25", "text": "April 25 – A magnitude 7.8 earthquake strikes Nepal and causes 8,857 deaths in Nepal (including 19 at Everest base cammp), 130 in India, 27 in China and 4 in Bangladesh with a total of 9,018 deaths.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373300271#April", "title": "2015", "revid": 1373300271, "section": "Events › April"}}, {"year": 2015, "year_label": "2015 CE", "section": "Climate & Environment", "date": "May 12", "text": "May 12 – A second major earthquake in Nepal, measuring 7.3 on the moment magnitude scale, results in 153 deaths in Nepal, 62 in India, 1 in China and 2 in Bangladesh, with a total of 218 deaths.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373300271#May", "title": "2015", "revid": 1373300271, "section": "Events › May"}}, {"year": 2019, "year_label": "2019 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "April 18", "text": "April 18 – NepaliSat-1 is launched. It is Nepal's first ever research satellite to be sent into space.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373255188#April", "title": "2019", "revid": 1373255188, "section": "Events › April"}}, {"year": 2019, "year_label": "2019 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "August 11", "text": "August 11 – 2019 Indian floods: At least 114 people, including 57 in Kerala, 30 in Karnataka and 27 in Maharashtra, are reported to have died in monsoon-related floods in India. At least 227 died across India, Nepal, Bangladesh and Pakistan.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373255188#August", "title": "2019", "revid": 1373255188, "section": "Events › August"}}, {"year": 2023, "year_label": "2023 CE", "section": "Disasters & Accidents", "date": "January 15", "text": "January 15 – Yeti Airlines Flight 691 crashes during final approach into Pokhara, Nepal, killing all 72 people on board.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372811827#January", "title": "2023", "revid": 1372811827, "section": "Events › January"}}, {"year": 2025, "year_label": "2025 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "September 12", "text": "September 12 – Former chief justice Sushila Karki assumes office as interim prime minister of an interim government formed after K. P. Sharma Oli's resignation in Nepal, the decision notably being decided via a poll on a social media platform, Discord.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372865033#September", "title": "2025", "revid": 1372865033, "section": "Events › September"}}, {"year": 2025, "year_label": "2025 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "September 8", "text": "September 8 – Mass anti-government protests erupt in Nepal, resulting in at least 22 deaths and hundreds injured. Prime Minister K. P. Sharma Oli resigns the following day amidst the demonstrations.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372865033#September", "title": "2025", "revid": 1372865033, "section": "Events › September"}}]}