{"slug": "new-spain", "label": "New Spain", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Spain", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170603", "qid": "Q170603", "description": "viceroyalty of the Spanish Empire (1535-1821)", "entries": 19, "years": 18, "span": [1522, 1872], "span_label": ["1522 CE", "1872 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Exploration & Expansion", "count": 8}, {"title": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "count": 3}, {"title": "Conflict & Security", "count": 3}, {"title": "Health & Medicine", "count": 2}, {"title": "Births", "count": 1}, {"title": "Deaths", "count": 1}, {"title": "Religion & Belief", "count": 1}], "related": [{"slug": "mexico", "label": "Mexico", "shared": 4}, {"slug": "acapulco", "label": "Acapulco", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "spain", "label": "Spain", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "charles-v-holy-roman-emperor", "label": "Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "tenochtitlan", "label": "Tenochtitlan", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "hernan-cortes", "label": "Hernán Cortés", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "maya-civilization", "label": "Maya civilization", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "philippines", "label": "Philippines", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "spanish-empire", "label": "Spanish Empire", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "east-india-company", "label": "East India Company", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "holy-see", "label": "Holy See", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "tokugawa-ieyasu", "label": "Tokugawa Ieyasu", "shared": 1}], "items": [{"year": 1522, "year_label": "1522 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "May 15", "text": "May 15 – At Coyoacán in Mexico (at the time, the colony of New Spain) Spanish conquistador Hernán Cortés sends his third report to the Emperor Carlos V, describing the events of the last two years, including the conquest of Tenochtitlan, capital of the Aztec Empire.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372799978#April–June", "title": "1522", "revid": 1372799978, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1528, "year_label": "1528 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "December 9", "text": "December 9 – A new, three-member executive junta is appointed by the King of Spain to govern New Spain and the West Indies, with Nuño Beltrán de Guzmán, Juan Ortiz de Matienzo, and Diego Delgadillo forming the first Audiencia Real. Beltran de Guzmán, Ortiz and Delgadillo succeed the two viceroys, Alonso de Estrada and Luis de la Torre. Beltran de Guzmán is designated as the President of the Audiencia.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369577446#October–December", "title": "1528", "revid": 1369577446, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1545, "year_label": "1545 CE", "section": "Health & Medicine", "date": null, "text": "In the territory of New Spain in modern-day Mexico, the Cocoliztli Epidemic of 1545–1548 begins.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366653612#Undated", "title": "1545", "revid": 1366653612, "section": "Events › Undated"}}, {"year": 1546, "year_label": "1546 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "November 8", "text": "November 8 – (5 Cimi 19 Xul, Mayan calendar) An uprising by the Maya civilization against the Spanish colonial administrators of New Spain begins in the Yucatan area of Mexico, with simultaneous attacks at Mérida, Valladolid, and Bacalar. The attack comes from seven Mayan provinces on the Gulf of Mexico, Cupul, Cochuah, Sotuta, Tases, Uaymil, Chetumal, and Chikinchel. The rebellion is suppressed by March and the instigators are arrested and executed.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368296265#October—December", "title": "1546", "revid": 1368296265, "section": "Events › October—December"}}, {"year": 1575, "year_label": "1575 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "October 22", "text": "October 22 – The city of Villa de la Asunción (today Aguascalientes) is founded in New Spain, by permission from Philip II of Spain.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362481402#October–December", "title": "1575", "revid": 1362481402, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1576, "year_label": "1576 CE", "section": "Health & Medicine", "date": null, "text": "The 1576 Cocoliztli epidemic causes millions of deaths in the territory of New Spain, in modern-day Mexico.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362635528#Date_unknown", "title": "1576", "revid": 1362635528, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1576, "year_label": "1576 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": "January 20", "text": "January 20 – Martín Enríquez de Almanza, Viceroy of New Spain, founds the settlement of León, in what is later the state of Guanajuato in Mexico.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362635528#January–March", "title": "1576", "revid": 1362635528, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1591, "year_label": "1591 CE", "section": "Births", "date": "April 25", "text": "April 25 – Marcos de Torres y Rueda, interim viceroy of New Spain (d. 1649)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1358075583#January–June", "title": "1591", "revid": 1358075583, "section": "Births › January–June"}}, {"year": 1613, "year_label": "1613 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": "October 28", "text": "October 28 – Keichō embassy: Hasekura Tsunenaga departs Japan in the Date Maru with a Japanese diplomatic mission to the Holy See, scheduled to first travel to Acapulco in New Spain, with a goal of concluding an agreement between Tokugawa Ieyasu and the East India Company, permitting English merchants to live and trade in Japan.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366649732#October–December", "title": "1613", "revid": 1366649732, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1614, "year_label": "1614 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": "January 22", "text": "January 22 – Led by Hasekura Tsunenaga, Japan's trade expedition to New Spain (modern-day Mexico) arrives on the Mexican coast with 22 samurai, 120 Japanese merchants, sailors and servants, and 40 Spaniards and Portuguese who serve as interpreters. Having reached the Americas after a voyage that began on October 28, the expedition travels to Acapulco and arrives on January 25.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372816433#January–March", "title": "1614", "revid": 1372816433, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1649, "year_label": "1649 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "April 22", "text": "April 22 – Marcos de Torres y Rueda, interim viceroy of New Spain (b. 1591)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367892628#April–June", "title": "1649", "revid": 1367892628, "section": "Deaths › April–June"}}, {"year": 1660, "year_label": "1660 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "September 16", "text": "September 16 – Juan Francisco Leiva y de la Cerda arrives in Mexico City as the new Viceroy of New Spain.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365986539#July–September", "title": "1660", "revid": 1365986539, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1700, "year_label": "1700 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": null, "text": "Mission San Xavier del Bac is founded in New Spain near Tucson, as a Spanish Roman Catholic mission. Its location had first been scouted by the Spanish in 1692.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366570351#Date_unknown", "title": "1700", "revid": 1366570351, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1706, "year_label": "1706 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": "February 6", "text": "February 6 – The city of Albuquerque, New Mexico, is incorporated by governor Don Francisco Cuervo y Valdes as La Villa de Alburquerque in the Spanish colonial province of Santa Fe de Nuevo México in New Spain. Governor Cuervo sends a report on April 23 to the Spanish Crown and to New Spain's Governor, Francisco Fernández de la Cueva, 10th Duke of Alburquerque announcing that the new villa, consisting of 35 families and having a population of 252 adults, has been named in honor of the Duke.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1351890964#January–March", "title": "1706", "revid": 1351890964, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1755, "year_label": "1755 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": "May 17", "text": "May 17 – Spanish missionary Tomas Sanchez and three families establish a settlement on the north side of the Rio Grande in New Spain. Sanchez names it Villa de Laredo. The new settlement is the northernmost part of the colony of Nuevo Santander, founded by José de Escandón, 1st Count of Sierra Gorda, which now comprises parts of the Mexican state of Tamaulipas and the U.S. state of Texas. The portion of Villa de Laredo north of the river later becomes Laredo, Texas; the remaining portion south of the river is later renamed Nuevo Laredo, Tamaulipas.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360194188#April–June", "title": "1755", "revid": 1360194188, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1765, "year_label": "1765 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": "February 14", "text": "February 14 – Spain's five-member \"special junta\", appointed by Prime Minister Jerónimo Grimaldi, delivers its report regarding \"ways to address the backwardness of Spain's commerce with its colonies and with foreign nations\". The report provides detailed orders to be delivered to José de Gálvez, the visitador general in charge of New Spain.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373039097#January–March", "title": "1765", "revid": 1373039097, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1780, "year_label": "1780 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": "March 17", "text": "March 17 – American Revolutionary War: The British San Juan Expedition sails from Jamaica under the command of Captains John Polson and Horatio Nelson to attack the Captaincy General of Guatemala (modern-day Nicaragua) in New Spain.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370564554#January–March", "title": "1780", "revid": 1370564554, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1811, "year_label": "1811 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "July 30", "text": "July 30 – Mexican War of Independence: Priest and military leader Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla is executed as a rebel, by the Spanish government of New Spain.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1361375672#July–September", "title": "1811", "revid": 1361375672, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1872, "year_label": "1872 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "February 17", "text": "February 17 – Filipino priests José Burgos, Mariano Gomez and Jacinto Zamora, collectively known as Gomburza, are executed in Bagumbayan Fields, Manila, Philippines by the authorities of New Spain, on charges of subversion arising from the 1872 Cavite mutiny.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371307490#February", "title": "1872", "revid": 1371307490, "section": "Events › February"}}]}