{"slug": "north-vietnam", "label": "North Vietnam", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North_Vietnam", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172640", "qid": "Q172640", "description": "former country in Southeast Asia that existed from 1945 to 1976", "entries": 19, "years": 10, "span": [1945, 1976], "span_label": ["1945 CE", "1976 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Conflict & Security", "count": 15}, {"title": "Exploration & Expansion", "count": 1}, {"title": "Science & Discovery", "count": 1}, {"title": "Economy & Finance", "count": 1}, {"title": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "count": 1}], "related": [{"slug": "south-vietnam", "label": "South Vietnam", "shared": 11}, {"slug": "vietnam-war", "label": "Vietnam War", "shared": 10}, {"slug": "vietnam", "label": "Vietnam", "shared": 4}, {"slug": "cambodia", "label": "Cambodia", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "laos", "label": "Laos", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "communism", "label": "Communism", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "hanoi", "label": "Hanoi", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "soviet-union", "label": "Soviet Union", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "united-states-navy", "label": "United States Navy", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "united-states-air-force", "label": "United States Air Force", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "viet-cong", "label": "Viet Cong", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "richard-nixon", "label": "Richard Nixon", "shared": 1}], "items": [{"year": 1945, "year_label": "1945 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "August", "text": "Vietnam's capital Hanoi is taken by the Viet Minh, which ends the French occupation in what becomes North Vietnam, and thus the southern provinces become South Vietnam. This ends the August Revolution.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371513862#August", "title": "1945", "revid": 1371513862, "section": "Events › August"}}, {"year": 1954, "year_label": "1954 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "August 1", "text": "August 1 – The First Indochina War ends with the Vietnam People's Army in North Vietnam, the Vietnamese National Army in South Vietnam, the Kingdom of Cambodia in Cambodia, and the Kingdom of Laos in Laos, emerging victorious against the French Army.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369212684#August", "title": "1954", "revid": 1369212684, "section": "Events › August"}}, {"year": 1954, "year_label": "1954 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "July 21", "text": "July 21 – First Indochina War: The Geneva Conference sends French forces to the south, and Vietnamese forces to the north, of a demarcation line. The agreement leads to the establishment of the North Vietnam regime and the state of South Vietnam.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369212684#July", "title": "1954", "revid": 1369212684, "section": "Events › July"}}, {"year": 1955, "year_label": "1955 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": "May 18", "text": "May 18 – Free movement of residents between North and South Vietnam ends.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371173508#May", "title": "1955", "revid": 1371173508, "section": "Events › May"}}, {"year": 1955, "year_label": "1955 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "November 1", "text": "November 1 – Official start date of the Vietnam War between the Democratic Republic of Vietnam and Republic of Vietnam; the north is allied with the Viet Cong.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371173508#November", "title": "1955", "revid": 1371173508, "section": "Events › November"}}, {"year": 1964, "year_label": "1964 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "August 5", "text": "August 5 – Vietnam War: Operation Pierce Arrow – Aircraft from carriers USS Ticonderoga and USS Constellation bomb North Vietnam in retaliation for strikes against U.S. destroyers in the Gulf of Tonkin.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371069587#August", "title": "1964", "revid": 1371069587, "section": "Events › August"}}, {"year": 1964, "year_label": "1964 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "July 19", "text": "July 19 – Vietnam War: At a rally in Saigon, South Vietnamese Prime Minister and military leader Nguyễn Khánh calls for expanding the war into North Vietnam.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371069587#July", "title": "1964", "revid": 1371069587, "section": "Events › July"}}, {"year": 1965, "year_label": "1965 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "December 21", "text": "December 21 – The Soviet Union announces that it has shipped rockets to North Vietnam.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368843670#November–December", "title": "1965", "revid": 1368843670, "section": "Events › November–December"}}, {"year": 1965, "year_label": "1965 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "March 2", "text": "March 2 – Vietnam War: Operation Rolling Thunder – The United States Air Force 2nd Air Division, United States Navy and South Vietnamese air force begin a 3-year aerial bombardment campaign against North Vietnam.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368843670#March–April", "title": "1965", "revid": 1368843670, "section": "Events › March–April"}}, {"year": 1965, "year_label": "1965 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "November 14", "text": "November 14 – Vietnam War – Battle of Ia Drang: In the Ia Drang Valley of the Central Highlands in Vietnam, the first major engagement of the war between regular United States and North Vietnamese forces begins.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368843670#November–December", "title": "1965", "revid": 1368843670, "section": "Events › November–December"}}, {"year": 1967, "year_label": "1967 CE", "section": "Economy & Finance", "date": "November 29", "text": "November 29 – Vietnam War: U.S. Secretary of Defense Robert McNamara announces his resignation to become president of the World Bank. McNamara's resignation follows U.S. President Lyndon B. Johnson's outright rejection of McNamara's early November recommendations to freeze troop levels, stop the bombing of North Vietnam, and hand over ground fighting to South Vietnam.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370160888#November", "title": "1967", "revid": 1370160888, "section": "Events › November"}}, {"year": 1967, "year_label": "1967 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "October 12", "text": "October 12 – Vietnam War: U.S. Secretary of State Dean Rusk states during a news conference that, because of North Vietnam's opposition, proposals by the U.S. Congress for peace initiatives are futile.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370160888#October", "title": "1967", "revid": 1370160888, "section": "Events › October"}}, {"year": 1967, "year_label": "1967 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "September 4", "text": "September 4 – Vietnam War – Operation Swift: The United States Marines launch a search and destroy mission in Quảng Nam and Quảng Tín provinces. The ensuing 4-day battle in Que Son Valley kills 114 Americans and 376 North Vietnamese.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370160888#September", "title": "1967", "revid": 1370160888, "section": "Events › September"}}, {"year": 1972, "year_label": "1972 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "March 30", "text": "March 30 – Vietnam War: The Easter Offensive begins after North Vietnamese forces cross into the Demilitarized Zone (DMZ) of South Vietnam", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371514417#March", "title": "1972", "revid": 1371514417, "section": "Events › March"}}, {"year": 1973, "year_label": "1973 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "August 15", "text": "August 15 – The U.S. bombing of Cambodia ends, officially halting 12 years of combat activity in Southeast Asia according to the Case–Church Amendment-an act that prohibits military operations in Laos, Cambodia, and North and South Vietnam as a follow-up of the Paris Peace Accords.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373239256#August", "title": "1973", "revid": 1373239256, "section": "Events › August"}}, {"year": 1973, "year_label": "1973 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "January 15", "text": "January 15 – Vietnam War: Citing progress in peace negotiations, U.S. President Richard Nixon announces the suspension of offensive action in North Vietnam.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373239256#January", "title": "1973", "revid": 1373239256, "section": "Events › January"}}, {"year": 1975, "year_label": "1975 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "April 30", "text": "April 30 – Vietnam War – Fall of Saigon: The Vietnam War concludes as Communist forces from North Vietnam take over Saigon, resulting in mass evacuation of the remaining American troops and South Vietnam civilians. As the capital is taken, South Vietnam surrenders unconditionally and is replaced with a temporary Provisional Government.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369955775#April", "title": "1975", "revid": 1369955775, "section": "Events › April"}}, {"year": 1975, "year_label": "1975 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "March 10", "text": "March 10 – Vietnam War: North Vietnamese troops attack Ban Mê Thuột in South Vietnam on their way to capturing Saigon.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369955775#March", "title": "1975", "revid": 1369955775, "section": "Events › March"}}, {"year": 1976, "year_label": "1976 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "July 2", "text": "July 2 – North Vietnam dissolves the Provisional Government of South Vietnam and unites the two countries to form the Socialist Republic of Vietnam.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372603253#July", "title": "1976", "revid": 1372603253, "section": "Events › July"}}]}