{"slug": "phocas", "label": "Phocas", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phocas", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31556", "qid": "Q31556", "description": "emperor of Byzantine Empire (547-610)", "entries": 8, "years": 7, "span": [602, 610], "span_label": ["602 CE", "610 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Conflict & Security", "count": 5}, {"title": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "count": 1}, {"title": "Religion & Belief", "count": 1}, {"title": "Deaths", "count": 1}], "related": [{"slug": "constantinople", "label": "Constantinople", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "danube", "label": "Danube", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "lombards", "label": "Lombards", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "slavs", "label": "Slavs", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "pannonian-avars", "label": "Pannonian Avars", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "heraclius", "label": "Heraclius", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "byzantine-empire", "label": "Byzantine Empire", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "balkans", "label": "Balkans", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "maurice-emperor", "label": "Maurice (emperor)", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "exarchate-of-africa", "label": "Exarchate of Africa", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "latin", "label": "Latin", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "africa-roman-province", "label": "Africa (Roman province)", "shared": 1}], "items": [{"year": 602, "year_label": "602 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Emperor Maurice succeeds in winning over the Avars to Byzantine rule, but his campaigns against the Avars, Lombards, Persians and Slavs drain the imperial treasury, requiring an increase in taxes. He orders the troops to stay for winter beyond the Danube, but a mutiny breaks out under Phocas. He brings the Byzantine forces back over the Danube and marches on to Constantinople.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364904263#Byzantine_Empire", "title": "602", "revid": 1364904263, "section": "Events › By place › Byzantine Empire"}}, {"year": 603, "year_label": "603 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": null, "text": "The last mention of the Roman Senate on the Italian mainland is made (according to the Gregorian register). It mentions that the Senate has acclaimed new statues of Emperor Phocas and Empress Leontia.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364752956#Europe", "title": "603", "revid": 1364752956, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 604, "year_label": "604 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "The Avars regroup after they are almost destroyed; together with the Slavs they start pillaging through the Byzantine provinces, west and south of the Danube. Due to the new Persian war, Emperor Phocas has few imperial troops available to defend the Balkan Peninsula.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364754628#Byzantine_Empire", "title": "604", "revid": 1364754628, "section": "Events › By place › Byzantine Empire"}}, {"year": 605, "year_label": "605 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Emperor Phocas recognizes Agilulf as king of the Lombards, and signs a peace treaty. He pays a tribute and cedes Orvieto (Central Italy), among other towns. The Byzantine army is withdrawn from the Balkan Peninsula.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364904400#Byzantine_Empire", "title": "605", "revid": 1364904400, "section": "Events › By place › Byzantine Empire"}}, {"year": 607, "year_label": "607 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "Emperor Phocas bestows the title \"Universal Bishop\" upon Boniface III, in an effort to improve relations with Rome.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340802681#Religion", "title": "607", "revid": 1340802681, "section": "Events › By topic › Religion"}}, {"year": 608, "year_label": "608 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Heraclian revolt: Heraclius the Elder, exarch of Africa, and his son (also named Heraclius) revolt against Emperor Phocas, whose regime in Constantinople has become unpopular and violent.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1289400818#Byzantine_Empire", "title": "608", "revid": 1289400818, "section": "Events › By place › Byzantine Empire"}}, {"year": 610, "year_label": "610 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "October 3", "text": "October 3 – Heraclian revolt: Heraclius arrives with a fleet from Africa at Constantinople. Assisted by an uprising in the capital, he overthrows and personally beheads Emperor Phocas. Heraclius gains the throne with help from his father Heraclius the Elder. His first major act is to change the official language of the Byzantine Empire from Latin to Greek (already the language of the vast majority of the population).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368795500#Byzantine_Empire", "title": "610", "revid": 1368795500, "section": "Events › By place › Byzantine Empire"}}, {"year": 610, "year_label": "610 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "October 5", "text": "October 5 – Phocas, Byzantine emperor", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368795500#Deaths", "title": "610", "revid": 1368795500, "section": "Deaths"}}]}