{"slug": "pope-innocent-iv", "label": "Pope Innocent IV", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope_Innocent_IV", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160609", "qid": "Q160609", "description": "pope of the Catholic Church from 1243 to 1254", "entries": 9, "years": 8, "span": [1243, 1254], "span_label": ["1243 CE", "1254 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Religion & Belief", "count": 6}, {"title": "Deaths", "count": 2}, {"title": "Conflict & Security", "count": 1}], "related": [{"slug": "frederick-ii-holy-roman-emperor", "label": "Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "rome", "label": "Rome", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "genoa", "label": "Genoa", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "holy-roman-empire", "label": "Holy Roman Empire", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "italy", "label": "Italy", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "kingdom-of-italy-holy-roman-empire", "label": "Kingdom of Italy (Holy Roman Empire)", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "kingdom-of-sicily", "label": "Kingdom of Sicily", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "kingdom-of-germany", "label": "Kingdom of Germany", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "europe", "label": "Europe", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "catholicism", "label": "Catholicism", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "finland", "label": "Finland", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "dalmatia", "label": "Dalmatia", "shared": 1}], "items": [{"year": 1243, "year_label": "1243 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "June 25", "text": "June 25 – Pope Innocent IV succeeds Celestine IV as the 180th pope of the Catholic Church, after a sede vacante of 7 months.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367489265#Religion", "title": "1243", "revid": 1367489265, "section": "Events › By topic › Religion"}}, {"year": 1244, "year_label": "1244 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "June 7", "text": "June 7 – Pope Innocent IV is driven from Rome by imperial forces of Emperor Frederick II, and travels secretly in disguise to Sutri. Genoese galleys prepared by his relatives are waiting for him at the port of Civitavecchia to take him to Genoa.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360513044#Religion", "title": "1244", "revid": 1360513044, "section": "Events › By topic › Religion"}}, {"year": 1245, "year_label": "1245 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "February 21", "text": "February 21 – Thomas, bishop of Turku (modern Finland), is granted resignation by Pope Innocent IV. He admits to committing several felonies, such as torturing and forging a papal letter.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1355852673#Religion", "title": "1245", "revid": 1355852673, "section": "Events › By topic › Religion"}}, {"year": 1248, "year_label": "1248 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "Pope Innocent IV grants the Croatians of southern Dalmatia permission to use their own language and script in the Roman Rite liturgy (see Glagolitic alphabet).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1305121866#Religion", "title": "1248", "revid": 1305121866, "section": "Events › By topic › Religion"}}, {"year": 1251, "year_label": "1251 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "King Conrad IV of Germany invades Italy, but fails to subdue the supporters of Pope Innocent IV.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362481176#Europe", "title": "1251", "revid": 1362481176, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 1252, "year_label": "1252 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "May 15", "text": "May 15 – Pope Innocent IV issues the papal bull Ad exstirpanda, which authorizes the torture of heretics in the Medieval Inquisition. Torture quickly gains widespread usage across Catholic Europe.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365269919#Europe", "title": "1252", "revid": 1365269919, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 1253, "year_label": "1253 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "October", "text": "October – Pope Innocent IV returns to Rome, after being deposed for 9 years by former Emperor Frederick II, whose clash forms an important chapter in the conflict between the Papal States and the Holy Roman Empire.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362664638#Religion", "title": "1253", "revid": 1362664638, "section": "Events › By topic › Religion"}}, {"year": 1254, "year_label": "1254 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "December 7", "text": "December 7 – Innocent IV, pope of the Catholic Church", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1296887805#Deaths", "title": "1254", "revid": 1296887805, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 1254, "year_label": "1254 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "May 21", "text": "May 21 – King Conrad IV, son of the late Emperor Frederick II, dies of malaria at Lavello (southern Italy). With Conrad's death a interregnum begins, during which no ruler manages to gain undisputed control of Germany. The 22-year-old Manfred, half-brother of Conrad, refuses to surrender Sicily to Pope Innocent IV and accepts the regency on behalf of Conrad's 2-year-old son Conradin (\"the Younger\").", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1296887805#Europe", "title": "1254", "revid": 1296887805, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}]}