{"slug": "pope-julius-ii", "label": "Pope Julius II", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope_Julius_II", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80516", "qid": "Q80516", "description": "pope of the Catholic Church from 1503 to 1513 (1443–1513)", "entries": 29, "years": 14, "span": [1443, 1513], "span_label": ["1443 CE", "1513 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Religion & Belief", "count": 23}, {"title": "Births", "count": 2}, {"title": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "count": 1}, {"title": "Science & Discovery", "count": 1}, {"title": "Conflict & Security", "count": 1}, {"title": "Deaths", "count": 1}], "related": [{"slug": "republic-of-venice", "label": "Republic of Venice", "shared": 4}, {"slug": "papal-states", "label": "Papal States", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "pope-leo-x", "label": "Pope Leo X", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "michelangelo", "label": "Michelangelo", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "maximilian-i-holy-roman-emperor", "label": "Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "st-peter-s-basilica", "label": "St. Peter's Basilica", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "old-st-peter-s-basilica", "label": "Old St. Peter's Basilica", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "rome", "label": "Rome", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "ferdinand-ii-of-aragon", "label": "Ferdinand II of Aragon", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "louis-xii", "label": "Louis XII", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "kingdom-of-aragon", "label": "Kingdom of Aragon", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "december", "label": "December", "shared": 1}], "items": [{"year": 1443, "year_label": "1443 CE", "section": "Births", "date": "December 5", "text": "December 5 – Pope Julius II (d. 1513)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1349474708#Births", "title": "1443", "revid": 1349474708, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 1483, "year_label": "1483 CE", "section": "Births", "date": null, "text": "Felice della Rovere, also known as Madonna Felice, the illegitimate daughter of Pope Julius II (d. 1536)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369188840#Births", "title": "1483", "revid": 1369188840, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 1486, "year_label": "1486 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "March 23", "text": "March 23 – After getting into a war with the Kingdom of Naples by siding with rebels in the Barons' Conspiracy, Pope Innocent VIII sends the Papal Legate, Cardinal Giuliano della Rovere (who will become later become Pope Julius II), as an envoy to the Kingdom of France to seek assistance from King Charles VIII. King Charles sends a delegation to Rome two months later, with no resolution made.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369024065#January–March", "title": "1486", "revid": 1369024065, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1503, "year_label": "1503 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "November 1", "text": "November 1 – Cardinal Giuliano della Rovere, Bishop of Ostia, is elected the 216th Roman Catholic Pontiff at the end of the year's second papal conclave and takes the papal name Pope Julius II. Della Rovere had received 15 of 32 votes in the September voting for a plurality, but still short of a majority. Julius II reigns for a little more than nine years until his death in 1513.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366510845#October–December", "title": "1503", "revid": 1366510845, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1504, "year_label": "1504 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "July 20", "text": "July 20 – Pope Julius II issues an order reforming the official coinage of the Papal States, raising the silver content of the carlino coin to four grams. In that the Pope was formerly Giuliano della Rovere, the new coin is called the giulio in his honor and features the coat of arms of the della Rovere family.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365936803#July–September", "title": "1504", "revid": 1365936803, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1505, "year_label": "1505 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "Old St. Peter's Basilica is demolished under the orders of Pope Julius II. Construction of the new basilica begins the following year.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360582113#Date_unknown", "title": "1505", "revid": 1360582113, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1505, "year_label": "1505 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "January 14", "text": "January 14 – Pope Julius II issues the papal bull Cum tam divino, decreeing a reform in the Roman Catholic Church to prohibit simony, the buying and selling of church offices ranging from bishops to the pope himself.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360582113#January–March", "title": "1505", "revid": 1360582113, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1505, "year_label": "1505 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "January 24", "text": "January 24 – Under the terms of the Treaty of Tordesillas, Pope Julius II sets the line of demarcation in the New World between Spain's and Portugal's territory as a line of longitude 370 leagues west of the Cape Verde islands. The ambiguous definition of the measure of a league places the line between 42°30' W to 49°45' W.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360582113#January–March", "title": "1505", "revid": 1360582113, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1506, "year_label": "1506 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "April 18", "text": "April 18 – Pope Julius II lays the foundation stone of the new (current) St. Peter's Basilica in Rome, replacing the Old St. Peter's Basilica.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368141766#April–June", "title": "1506", "revid": 1368141766, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1506, "year_label": "1506 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "January 14", "text": "January 14 – The classical statue of Laocoön and His Sons is unearthed in Rome. On the recommendation of Giuliano da Sangallo and Michelangelo, Pope Julius II purchases it, and places it on public display in the Vatican a month later.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368141766#January–March", "title": "1506", "revid": 1368141766, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1506, "year_label": "1506 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "January 22", "text": "January 22 – The Swiss Guard arrives at the Vatican, to serve as permanent ceremonial and palace guards under Pope Julius II.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368141766#January–March", "title": "1506", "revid": 1368141766, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1506, "year_label": "1506 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "November 6", "text": "November 6 – Pope Julius II personally leads his troops into Bologna, retaking the city from the excommunicated tyrant Giovanni II Bentivoglio.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368141766#October–December", "title": "1506", "revid": 1368141766, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1507, "year_label": "1507 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "November 26", "text": "November 26 – Pope Julius II issues a damnatio memoriae forcing the members of the House of Borgia out of control of the Papal States.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367240730#October—December", "title": "1507", "revid": 1367240730, "section": "Events › October—December"}}, {"year": 1508, "year_label": "1508 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "December", "text": "December – Michelangelo begins painting the Sistine Chapel ceiling in the Holy See of Rome, on a commission by Pope Julius II (signed May 10).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1351320572#October–December", "title": "1508", "revid": 1351320572, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1508, "year_label": "1508 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "December 10", "text": "December 10 – The League of Cambrai is formed as an alliance against the Republic of Venice, between Pope Julius II, Louis XII of France, Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor and Ferdinand II of Aragon.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1351320572#October–December", "title": "1508", "revid": 1351320572, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1508, "year_label": "1508 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "February 4", "text": "February 4 – Maximilian, King of the Romans, proclaims himself Holy Roman Emperor at the Italian city of Trento, after having been blocked by Venice from traveling to Rome to be crowned by Pope Julius II.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1351320572#January–March", "title": "1508", "revid": 1351320572, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1508, "year_label": "1508 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "November 29", "text": "November 29 – Astronomer Mikołaj Kopernik of Poland is granted benefits by Pope Julius II in order to perform his work.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1351320572#October–December", "title": "1508", "revid": 1351320572, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1509, "year_label": "1509 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "April 27", "text": "April 27 – Pope Julius II places Venice under interdict and excommunication for refusing to cede part of Romagna to papal control.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369335853#April–June", "title": "1509", "revid": 1369335853, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1509, "year_label": "1509 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "March 23", "text": "March 23 – Pope Julius II issues the papal bull Petierunt a nobis, declaring his allegiance to the League of Cambrai.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369335853#January–March", "title": "1509", "revid": 1369335853, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1510, "year_label": "1510 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "February 15", "text": "February 15 – Peace treaty concluded between Pope Julius II and the Republic of Venice.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366972051#January–March", "title": "1510", "revid": 1366972051, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1510, "year_label": "1510 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "February 24", "text": "February 24 – In Rome, Pope Julius II revokes the interdict, imposed on the Republic of Venice in 1509.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366972051#January–March", "title": "1510", "revid": 1366972051, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1511, "year_label": "1511 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "July 11", "text": "July 11 – Pope Julius II summons Catholic clerics to meet at the Fifth Council of the Lateran, directing them to meet on April 19.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367291242#July–September", "title": "1511", "revid": 1367291242, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1511, "year_label": "1511 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "May 16", "text": "May 16 – Five Roman Catholic cardinals, including Federico di Sanseverino, sign a document calling upon Pope Julius II to convene a council in Pisa to discuss reform of the Roman Catholic Church, to take place on September 1. After the Pope threatens him with excommunication, Sanseverino elects not to attend.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367291242#April–June", "title": "1511", "revid": 1367291242, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1511, "year_label": "1511 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "October 4", "text": "October 4 – The Holy League is formed, against French dominance in Italy. It is an alliance between the Papal States, the Republic of Venice, and the Kingdom of Aragon, with several other powers joining later (the Swiss Confederation, the Holy Roman Empire, the Kingdom of England). On the next day in Rome, the creation of the Holy League is publicly proclaimed by the Pope Julius II.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367291242#October–December", "title": "1511", "revid": 1367291242, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1512, "year_label": "1512 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "March 12", "text": "March 12 – Pope Julius II issues the papal bull Dilecte fili, declaring King Louis XII deposed and directing that the French throne be given to King Henry VIII of England.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1323795843#January–March", "title": "1512", "revid": 1323795843, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1512, "year_label": "1512 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "September 1", "text": "September 1 – After being dispatched by Pope Julius II with command of a Spanish Army, General Giovanni di Lorenzo de' Medici recaptures the city of Florence (Firenze), capital of the Florentine Republic in Italy and ousts Piero Soderini as the ruling Gonfaloniere. The success at Florence spares the city of Rome from a French invasion. Within a year, Medici becomes leader of the Roman Catholic Church and the Papal States as Pope Leo X.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1323795843#July–September", "title": "1512", "revid": 1323795843, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1513, "year_label": "1513 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "February 18", "text": "February 18 – Pope Julius II issues the papal bull Exigit contumaciam, declaring queen Catherine of Navarre and king John III of Navarre to be heretics for their refusal to participate with other Roman Catholic nations in the anti-French Holy League of 1511.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1363949569#January–March", "title": "1513", "revid": 1363949569, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1513, "year_label": "1513 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "February 21", "text": "February 21 – Pope Julius II dies in Rome.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1363949569#January–March", "title": "1513", "revid": 1363949569, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1513, "year_label": "1513 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "March 9", "text": "March 9 – Cardinal Giovanni di Lorenzo de' Medici, the Apostolic Administrator of Amalfi but not ordained as a priest, is selected to succeed the late Pope Julius II as the 217th Pope of the Roman Catholic Church. After two days, the selection is announced to the public and Medici takes the name of Pope Leo X, despite a strong challenge by Italian cardinal Raffaele Riario and his group of seniors, or cardinals that were elected by Sixtus IV and Innocent VIII, who are opposed to the relatively newer juniors that includes Medici.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1363949569#January–March", "title": "1513", "revid": 1363949569, "section": "Events › January–March"}}]}