{"slug": "pope-urban-ii", "label": "Pope Urban II", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope_Urban_II", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30578", "qid": "Q30578", "description": "11th century pope and initiator of the Crusades", "entries": 10, "years": 9, "span": [1035, 1100], "span_label": ["1035 CE", "1100 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Religion & Belief", "count": 6}, {"title": "Deaths", "count": 3}, {"title": "Births", "count": 1}], "related": [{"slug": "rome", "label": "Rome", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "henry-iv-holy-roman-emperor", "label": "Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "pope-gregory-vii", "label": "Pope Gregory VII", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "seljuk-empire", "label": "Seljuk Empire", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "alexios-i-komnenos", "label": "Alexios I Komnenos", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "western-europe", "label": "Western Europe", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "lower-lorraine", "label": "Lower Lorraine", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "baldwin-i-of-jerusalem", "label": "Baldwin I of Jerusalem", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "diocese", "label": "Diocese", "shared": 1}], "items": [{"year": 1035, "year_label": "1035 CE", "section": "Births", "date": null, "text": "Urban II, pope of the Catholic Church (approximate date)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362167727#Births", "title": "1035", "revid": 1362167727, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 1088, "year_label": "1088 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "March 12", "text": "March 12 – Pope Urban II (Urbanus) succeeds Victor III as the 159th pope of the Catholic Church in Rome.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365263990#Religion", "title": "1088", "revid": 1365263990, "section": "Events › By topic › Religion"}}, {"year": 1089, "year_label": "1089 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "The Synod of Melfi, led by Pope Urban II (his first papal council), issues decrees against simony and clerical marriage.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365270667#Religion", "title": "1089", "revid": 1365270667, "section": "Events › By topic › Religion"}}, {"year": 1092, "year_label": "1092 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "April 21", "text": "April 21 – The Diocese of Pisa is elevated to the dignity of a metropolitan archdiocese by Pope Urban II.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1273814679#Religion", "title": "1092", "revid": 1273814679, "section": "Events › By topic › Religion"}}, {"year": 1095, "year_label": "1095 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "March", "text": "March – Emperor Alexios I Komnenos send envoys to Pope Urban II at the Council of Piacenza and appeals to the Christian states of Western Europe for military aid against the Seljuk Turks. Urban responds favourably, hoping to heal the Great Schism of 40 years earlier, and to reunite the Catholic Church under papal primacy by helping the Eastern churches.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365264485#Byzantine_Empire", "title": "1095", "revid": 1365264485, "section": "Events › By place › Byzantine Empire"}}, {"year": 1096, "year_label": "1096 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "August", "text": "August – Godfrey of Bouillon, duke of Lower Lorraine, accompanied by his younger brother Baldwin, sets off to join the First Crusade (called by Pope Urban II) at the head of an army of some 40,000 men. He pledges his allegiance to Emperor Henry IV who issues an order not to harm Jewish communities.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365266324#First_Crusade", "title": "1096", "revid": 1365266324, "section": "Events › By place › First Crusade"}}, {"year": 1098, "year_label": "1098 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "October", "text": "October – The Council of Bari presided by Pope Urban II discusses relations between the Western and the Eastern Church.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362163181#Religion", "title": "1098", "revid": 1362163181, "section": "Events › By topic › Religion"}}, {"year": 1099, "year_label": "1099 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "July 29", "text": "July 29 – Pope Urban II (Urbanus) dies after a 9-year pontificate at Rome. He is succeeded by Paschal II as the 160th pope of the Catholic Church.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365265715#Religion", "title": "1099", "revid": 1365265715, "section": "Events › By topic › Religion"}}, {"year": 1099, "year_label": "1099 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "July 29", "text": "July 29 – Urban II, pope of the Catholic Church (b. 1035)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365265715#Deaths", "title": "1099", "revid": 1365265715, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 1100, "year_label": "1100 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "September 8", "text": "September 8 – Antipope Clement III dies at Civita Castellana after a 20-year reign in opposition to the legitimate popes Gregory VII, Victor III and Urban II. Supporters of Emperor Henry IV in Rome choose Theodoric as his successor.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365265768#Religion", "title": "1100", "revid": 1365265768, "section": "Events › By topic › Religion"}}]}