{"slug": "port-jackson", "label": "Port Jackson", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Port_Jackson", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q54504", "qid": "Q54504", "description": "natural harbour of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia", "entries": 34, "years": 21, "span": [1788, 1988], "span_label": ["1788 CE", "1988 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Exploration & Expansion", "count": 13}, {"title": "Disasters & Accidents", "count": 5}, {"title": "Crime & Justice", "count": 4}, {"title": "Health & Medicine", "count": 4}, {"title": "Conflict & Security", "count": 3}, {"title": "Science & Discovery", "count": 2}, {"title": "Technology & Infrastructure", "count": 2}, {"title": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "count": 1}], "also_known_as": ["Sydney Harbour"], "related": [{"slug": "bay-of-islands", "label": "Bay of Islands", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "governor-of-new-south-wales", "label": "Governor of New South Wales", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "peru", "label": "Peru", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "sydney", "label": "Sydney", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "george-iii", "label": "George III", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "united-states-navy", "label": "United States Navy", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "fiji", "label": "Fiji", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "tonga", "label": "Tonga", "shared": 1}], "items": [{"year": 1788, "year_label": "1788 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": "January 24", "text": "January 24 – The La Perouse expedition in the Astrolabe and Boussole arrives off Botany Bay, just as Captain Arthur Phillip is attempting to move his colony from there to Sydney Cove in Port Jackson.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1357260814#January–March", "title": "1788", "revid": 1357260814, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1788, "year_label": "1788 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "January 26", "text": "26 January – After Botany Bay was decided unsuitable for settlement, the First Fleet sails to Port Jackson and lands at Sydney Cove to establish a settlement (which becomes Sydney).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1363047742#Events", "title": "1788 in Australia", "revid": 1363047742, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1788, "year_label": "1788 CE", "section": "Crime & Justice", "date": "February 6", "text": "6 February – The first female convicts disembark at Port Jackson.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1363047742#Events", "title": "1788 in Australia", "revid": 1363047742, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1789, "year_label": "1789 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "September 22", "text": "22 September – (Today's New South Wales) Commonly cited as the first white child or the first white female born in Australia, Rebecca Small (22 September 1789 – 30 January 1883), was born in Port Jackson, the eldest daughter of John Small a boatswain in the First Fleet which arrived at Botany Bay in January 1788.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1374058648#Events", "title": "1789 in Australia", "revid": 1374058648, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1800, "year_label": "1800 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": "May 11", "text": "11 May: The Betsey, Captain John Myers, leaves Port Jackson for Peru. En route she visits Hauraki for three days to collect timber. On board are two pākehā women, the first to visit the North Island.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368310888#Events", "title": "1800 in New Zealand", "revid": 1368310888, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1801, "year_label": "1801 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": "January", "text": "January – Brig Harbinger, under John Black, is the second vessel to sail through Bass Strait en route to Port Jackson.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1374053587#Exploration_and_settlement", "title": "1801 in Australia", "revid": 1374053587, "section": "Exploration and settlement"}}, {"year": 1803, "year_label": "1803 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": "June 1", "text": "1 June – Alexander, Captain Robert Rhodes, arrives in Port Jackson with Teina aboard. Teina is the first Māori recorded to have left New Zealand since Tuki and Huru in 1793. Teina may have been related to Huru while the Sydney Gazette reports that Tuki spoke with the Alexander, possibly when it visited Doubtless Bay.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1323272629#Events", "title": "1803 in New Zealand", "revid": 1323272629, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1806, "year_label": "1806 CE", "section": "Health & Medicine", "date": "February 25", "text": "25 February – The Lady Nelson leaves Port Jackson to return Te Pahi and his sons to the Bay of Islands. Te Pahi has been given bricks and a frame for a European house, and other goods. During the journey Te Pahi becomes ill and is nursed by ex-convict George Bruce.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368078769#Events", "title": "1806 in New Zealand", "revid": 1368078769, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1806, "year_label": "1806 CE", "section": "Crime & Justice", "date": "July", "text": "July/August – The Venus arrives at the Bay of Islands. Two men, convicts Richard Evans and John Lancashire, the two women Badger and Hagerty, and two children, Badger's young daughter and possibly the aboriginal cabin boy William Evans, are left at Rangihoua Bay. Hegarty and Badger are the first pākehā women to stay voluntarily in New Zealand. The two men are returned to Port Jackson by visiting ships, possibly before the end of the year. The Venus with its six remaining crew then travels down the east coast of the North Island, kidnapping several Māori women along the way and selling them to rival tribes who eventually kill them. These women included the sister and niece of Te Morenga and a relative of Hongi Hika’s. Their deaths are the cause of the retaliatory raids by these two chiefs in 1818.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368078769#Events", "title": "1806 in New Zealand", "revid": 1368078769, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1807, "year_label": "1807 CE", "section": "Health & Medicine", "date": "April", "text": "April – Governor Bligh issues a proclamation that South Sea Islanders (including Māori) are not to be taken to England and £20 bond is to be deposited for any that are brought into Port Jackson. This is ignored by most ship's captains.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360285759#Events", "title": "1807 in New Zealand", "revid": 1360285759, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1807, "year_label": "1807 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": "October", "text": "October – The General Wellesley, Captain David Dalrymple, arrives in the Bay of Islands. George Bruce and his wife Te Atahoe (daughter of Te Pahi) go on board but are not returned to shore. The General Wellesley then heads for Penang via Fiji. After numerous deprivations George Bruce and Te Atahoe (aka Mary Bruce) are finally returned to Port Jackson in January 1810 where Mary dies shortly after.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360285759#Events", "title": "1807 in New Zealand", "revid": 1360285759, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1808, "year_label": "1808 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": null, "text": "Either 1807 or this year Charlotte Badger, from the Venus, is presumed to have left New Zealand, after at least twice refusing passage to Port Jackson. A woman fitting her description is sighted in Tonga nearly 10 years later.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360288055#Events", "title": "1808 in New Zealand", "revid": 1360288055, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1808, "year_label": "1808 CE", "section": "Crime & Justice", "date": null, "text": "Late May/June – Te Pahi, with three of his sons, travels to Port Jackson on the Commerce to complain to Governor of New South Wales Bligh about the kidnapping of his daughter and her husband by Captain Dalrymple.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360288055#Events", "title": "1808 in New Zealand", "revid": 1360288055, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1808, "year_label": "1808 CE", "section": "Health & Medicine", "date": "July 10", "text": "10 July – The Commerce arrives in Port Jackson. Te Pahi arrives ill and is unable to meet Governor Bligh formally in any case as the latter is under house arrest.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360288055#Events", "title": "1808 in New Zealand", "revid": 1360288055, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1809, "year_label": "1809 CE", "section": "Health & Medicine", "date": "March 1", "text": "1 March – The City of Edinburgh arrives in the Bay of Islands, returning chief (Maa-)Tara from Port Jackson. Tara dies of bronchitis some months later (possibly July–September).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360290209#Events", "title": "1809 in New Zealand", "revid": 1360290209, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1809, "year_label": "1809 CE", "section": "Crime & Justice", "date": "July", "text": "July – Ruatara arrives in London on the Santa Anna. He is not allowed to see King George as he had hoped. 15 days later the captain of the Santa Anna puts him on board the convict ship Ann which is heading to Port Jackson.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360290209#Events", "title": "1809 in New Zealand", "revid": 1360290209, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1809, "year_label": "1809 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "November 8", "text": "8 November – Boyd massacre: The Boyd, Captain John Thompson, leaves Port Jackson for New Zealand with two Māori as crew including Te Aara ('George'). During the trip George is flogged for not working as instructed.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360290209#Events", "title": "1809 in New Zealand", "revid": 1360290209, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1810, "year_label": "1810 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "February 28", "text": "28 February – The convict ship Ann (second ship of the name), Captain Charles Clarke, arrives in Port Jackson with Samuel Marsden, William Hall, John King, and Ruatara. Ruatara stays with Marsden twice over the next 18 months, his attempt to reach New Zealand having failed. The news of the Boyd massacre delays Marsden's plans for a mission in New Zealand until 1814.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360295240#Events", "title": "1810 in New Zealand", "revid": 1360295240, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1811, "year_label": "1811 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": "October 7", "text": "7 October – The Frederick, Captain Bodie, leaves Port Jackson to go whaling and then return to London. Captain Bodie has agreed with Samuel Marsden to return Ruatara, Te Pahi's son and 2 other Māori to New Zealandied Marsden gives Ruatara 2 saws, some other tools and some seed wheat to take with him. After provisioning at North Cape the Frederick goes whaling for 6 months. (see 1812)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1332930367#Events", "title": "1811 in New Zealand", "revid": 1332930367, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1812, "year_label": "1812 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "March", "text": "March – The whaling ship King George, Captain Lasco Jones, calls at the Bay of Islands. John Besent, an American in the crew, deserts the ship worried that locals will hear about ill-treatment of a Māori crew member by the Captain and massacre the crew as happened with the Boyd. He stays with the Ngā Puhi for 12 months and during that time hears a detailed account of what happened with the Boyd from chief Te Aara (who speaks fluent English). He later reports the ill-treatment by Captain Lasco and relates the Boyd account to the authorities in Port Jackson.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1332930396#Events", "title": "1812 in New Zealand", "revid": 1332930396, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1812, "year_label": "1812 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": "August 1", "text": "1 August – The Ann arrives at Port Jackson with Ruatara. During his subsequent stay with Reverend Marsden at Parramatta Ruatara asks that someone be sent to the Bay of Islands to teach reading and writing.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1332930396#Events", "title": "1812 in New Zealand", "revid": 1332930396, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1814, "year_label": "1814 CE", "section": "Disasters & Accidents", "date": "May 20", "text": "20 May – The convict transport ship Three Bees catches fire and blows up in Sydney Harbour.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1374054029#Events", "title": "1814 in Australia", "revid": 1374054029, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1814, "year_label": "1814 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "November 28", "text": "28 November – The Active finally departs Port Jackson on its way to establish the mission at Rangihoua.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360306748#Events", "title": "1814 in New Zealand", "revid": 1360306748, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1815, "year_label": "1815 CE", "section": "Technology & Infrastructure", "date": "February 15", "text": "15 February – The Active completes loading of flax and timber to take back to Port Jackson", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368078664#Events", "title": "1815 in New Zealand", "revid": 1368078664, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1815, "year_label": "1815 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": "February 24", "text": "24 February – Having completed the purchase of 200 acres for the mission site at Rangihoua, Marsden leaves for Port Jackson accompanied by chiefs Te Morenga and Te Pehi(Tupe).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368078664#Events", "title": "1815 in New Zealand", "revid": 1368078664, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1816, "year_label": "1816 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": "February", "text": "February – Thomas and Elizabeth Hansen arrive at Oihi, Rangihoua from Port Jackson on the Active. They are the first non-missionary European family to settle in New Zealand. They eventually raised 11 children who all lived to at least their late 60s.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1332930962#Events", "title": "1816 in New Zealand", "revid": 1332930962, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1816, "year_label": "1816 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": "March", "text": "March – Tui and Tītore, who arrived the previous year, leave Port Jackson (Sydney) for England in HMS Kangaroo. While there they may have helped Professor Samuel Lee start his Maori dictionary.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1332930962#Events", "title": "1816 in New Zealand", "revid": 1332930962, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1857, "year_label": "1857 CE", "section": "Disasters & Accidents", "date": "August 20", "text": "August 20 – The Dunbar wrecks near the entrance to Sydney Harbour, Australia, with the loss of 121 lives.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366379985#July–September", "title": "1857", "revid": 1366379985, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1857, "year_label": "1857 CE", "section": "Disasters & Accidents", "date": "August 20", "text": "20 August – The Dunbar is wrecked at the entrance to Sydney Harbour, killing 121 passengers.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1241088929#Events", "title": "1857 in Australia", "revid": 1241088929, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1865, "year_label": "1865 CE", "section": "Disasters & Accidents", "date": "July 17", "text": "17 July – The wooden barquentine Ada collides with the RMS Jeddo and sinks in Sydney Harbour.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1241088864#Events", "title": "1865 in Australia", "revid": 1241088864, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1938, "year_label": "1938 CE", "section": "Disasters & Accidents", "date": "February 13", "text": "13 February – Nineteen people die when Sydney ferry the Rodney, carrying 150 passengers, capsizes in Sydney Harbour while farewelling US Navy cruiser USS Louisville.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1352789423#Events", "title": "1938 in Australia", "revid": 1352789423, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1978, "year_label": "1978 CE", "section": "Technology & Infrastructure", "date": "April 1", "text": "April 1 – Dick Smith of Dick Smith Foods tows a fake iceberg to Sydney Harbour.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370022681#April", "title": "1978", "revid": 1370022681, "section": "Events › April"}}, {"year": 1983, "year_label": "1983 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": "September 4", "text": "4 September – Six men walk underwater in Sydney Harbour as part of an attempt to break a world record. They achieved 82.9 km in 48 hours.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1337597161#September", "title": "1983 in Australia", "revid": 1337597161, "section": "Events › September"}}, {"year": 1988, "year_label": "1988 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": "January 26", "text": "January 26 – A re-enactment of the First Fleet arrives in Sydney Harbour to mark the bicentenary of the First Fleet arriving in Australia in 1788.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373532411#January", "title": "1988", "revid": 1373532411, "section": "Events › January"}}]}