{"slug": "pozzuoli", "label": "Pozzuoli", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pozzuoli", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q72425", "qid": "Q72425", "description": "Italian comune", "entries": 7, "years": 7, "span": [-193, 1227], "span_label": ["194 BCE", "1227 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Conflict & Security", "count": 2}, {"title": "Technology & Infrastructure", "count": 2}, {"title": "Religion & Belief", "count": 2}, {"title": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "count": 1}], "also_known_as": ["Puteoli"], "related": [{"slug": "naples", "label": "Naples", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "sicily", "label": "Sicily", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "roman-navy", "label": "Roman navy", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "teutonic-order", "label": "Teutonic Order", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "aachen", "label": "Aachen", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "pope-gregory-ix", "label": "Pope Gregory IX", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "praetorian-guard", "label": "Praetorian Guard", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "roman-forum", "label": "Roman Forum", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "ostia-antica", "label": "Ostia Antica", "shared": 1}], "items": [{"year": -193, "year_label": "194 BCE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": null, "text": "The Italian towns of Liternum and Puteoli become Roman colonies.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368091897#Roman_Republic", "title": "194 BC", "revid": 1368091897, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Republic"}}, {"year": -39, "year_label": "40 BCE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Sextus' fleet raids the ports of Puteoli and Ostia. The populace hold the Triumvirs responsible for prolonging the war, provoking a riot on the Forum. Octavian, with the Praetorian Guard, goes to intercept the riot, and only escapes with his life because Antony summons troops to rescue his junior colleague.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1267076849#Roman_Republic", "title": "40 BC", "revid": 1267076849, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Republic"}}, {"year": -36, "year_label": "37 BCE", "section": "Technology & Infrastructure", "date": null, "text": "Agrippa creates the harbour \"Portus Julius\" in the today-submersed town of Puteoli (the modern Pozzuoli, close to Naples). The port is used to train the warships for naval battles, and a new fleet is built, with 20,000 oarsmen gathered by freeing slaves. He also incorporates, on quinqueremes, a technical innovation, called the harpax (\"snatcher\"): a combination ballista and grappling hook, based on the corvus.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1325862706#Roman_Republic", "title": "37 BC", "revid": 1325862706, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Republic"}}, {"year": -35, "year_label": "36 BCE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "July", "text": "July – Octavian's fleet (102 warships) embarks from Puteoli and tries to invade Sicily, but it is caught in a storm at Vibo and forced to return.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372976843#Roman_Republic", "title": "36 BC", "revid": 1372976843, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Republic"}}, {"year": 39, "year_label": "39 CE", "section": "Technology & Infrastructure", "date": null, "text": "Caligula orders a floating bridge to be built using ships as pontoons, stretching for two miles from Baiae to the neighboring port of Puteoli.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369986487#Roman_Empire", "title": "30s", "revid": 1369986487, "section": "Events › 39 AD › Roman Empire"}}, {"year": 305, "year_label": "305 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "Patron of Pozzuoli, Saint Proculus, and patron of Naples, Saint Januarius are thrown to wild beasts in Pozzuoli's Flavian Amphitheater, then beheaded at Solfatara.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1330171757#Roman_Empire", "title": "305", "revid": 1330171757, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Empire"}}, {"year": 1227, "year_label": "1227 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "October 10", "text": "October 10 – Frederick II recovering at Pozzuoli, receives a letter from Pope Gregory IX, announcing his ex-communication. Frederick is branded a wanton violator of his sacred oath taken many times, at Aachen, Ferentino, Veroli and San Germano. Meanwhile, the Crusader army fortifies Sidon Sea Castle and rebuilds Montfort Castle, northeast of Acre, as a new headquarter castle for the Teutonic Knights, who called it Starkenburg.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367488499#Europe", "title": "1227", "revid": 1367488499, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}]}