{"slug": "prague", "label": "Prague", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prague", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1085", "qid": "Q1085", "description": "capital city of the Czech Republic", "entries": 54, "years": 49, "span": [721, 2005], "span_label": ["721 CE", "2005 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Conflict & Security", "count": 21}, {"title": "Culture & Society", "count": 12}, {"title": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "count": 6}, {"title": "Religion & Belief", "count": 5}, {"title": "Deaths", "count": 2}, {"title": "Science & Discovery", "count": 2}, {"title": "Health & Medicine", "count": 1}, {"title": "Economy & Finance", "count": 1}, {"title": "Technology & Infrastructure", "count": 1}, {"title": "Crime & Justice", "count": 1}, {"title": "Exploration & Expansion", "count": 1}, {"title": "Disasters & Accidents", "count": 1}], "related": [{"slug": "kingdom-of-bohemia", "label": "Kingdom of Bohemia", "shared": 5}, {"slug": "rudolf-ii-holy-roman-emperor", "label": "Rudolf II, Holy Roman Emperor", "shared": 5}, {"slug": "duchy-of-bohemia", "label": "Duchy of Bohemia", "shared": 4}, {"slug": "bohemia", "label": "Bohemia", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "george-of-podebrady", "label": "George of Poděbrady", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "thirty-years-war", "label": "Thirty Years' War", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "wolfgang-amadeus-mozart", "label": "Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "czechoslovakia", "label": "Czechoslovakia", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "holy-roman-empire", "label": "Holy Roman Empire", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "saxony", "label": "Saxony", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "czech-republic", "label": "Czech Republic", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "cold-war", "label": "Cold War", "shared": 2}], "items": [{"year": 721, "year_label": "721 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": null, "text": "Prague is founded (according to legend) by Princess Libuše and her husband Přemysl, founder of the Přemyslid dynasty (approximate date).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340808636#Europe", "title": "721", "revid": 1340808636, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 929, "year_label": "929 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Early 929 – Henry the Fowler invades Bohemia from the north and marches on Prague. Duke Arnulf I of Bavaria invades Bohemia from the south. The Bohemians capitulate.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367671440#Europe", "title": "929", "revid": 1367671440, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 965, "year_label": "965 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Boleslaus I (the Cruel), duke of Bohemia, expands his territory into the Polish territories of Upper Silesia and Lesser Poland. By occupying the city of Kraków, he controls important trade routes from Prague to Kiev and Lviv. Prince Mieszko I of Poland makes an alliance with Boleslaus and marries his daughter Dobrawa.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371364470#Europe", "title": "965", "revid": 1371364470, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 1004, "year_label": "1004 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "German–Polish War: Duke Bolesław I of Poland loses Bohemia. With German support, Jaromír occupies Prague and proclaims himself the new duke. At Merseburg, he promises to hold Bohemia as a vassal of Henry II.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369529611#Europe", "title": "1004", "revid": 1369529611, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 1096, "year_label": "1096 CE", "section": "Health & Medicine", "date": "May 30", "text": "May 30 – Members of the People's Crusade led by the priest Folkmar from Saxony persecute Jews in Prague, despite the opposition of the local Catholic hierarchy. Local citizens try to hide them in their own houses. Later the Jews manage to escape to safety in neighboring villages, but are slaughtered by the hundreds.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365266324#First_Crusade", "title": "1096", "revid": 1365266324, "section": "Events › By place › First Crusade"}}, {"year": 1107, "year_label": "1107 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Spring – Duke Bolesław III along with his ally King Coloman of Hungary, invades Bohemia in order to aid Duke Svatopluk in gaining the Bohemian throne. The Polish expedition is a complete success: on May 14 Svatopluk is installed as Duke of Bohemia in Prague. King Henry V demands tribute from Svatopluk as his overlord and vassal of the Holy Roman Empire.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365266728#Europe", "title": "1107", "revid": 1365266728, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 1118, "year_label": "1118 CE", "section": "Economy & Finance", "date": null, "text": "Zbraslav, now part of Prague, is founded.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365269195#Eastern_Europe", "title": "1118", "revid": 1365269195, "section": "Events › By place › Eastern Europe"}}, {"year": 1270, "year_label": "1270 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": null, "text": "Construction of the Old New Synagogue in Prague is completed.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362480805#Europe", "title": "1270", "revid": 1362480805, "section": "Events › Europe"}}, {"year": 1306, "year_label": "1306 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "October 16", "text": "October 16 – In a ceremony at Prague, King Rudolf I of Bohemia marries Elizabeth Richeza, the widow of Rudolf's predecessor, King Wenceslaus II of Bohemia.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1354973149#October_–_December", "title": "1306", "revid": 1354973149, "section": "Events › October – December"}}, {"year": 1310, "year_label": "1310 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "December 3", "text": "December 3 – Prague, capital of the Kingdom of Bohemia, is captured and King Henry of Bohemia is deposed by his brother, John of Luxemburg, who will later be known as \"John the Blind\".", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1332018292#October_–_December", "title": "1310", "revid": 1332018292, "section": "Events › October – December"}}, {"year": 1347, "year_label": "1347 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "January 26", "text": "January 26 – Charles University in Prague is founded by a bull issued by Pope Clement VI, at the request of Charles I, King of Bohemia.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1289406739#January–December", "title": "1347", "revid": 1289406739, "section": "Events › January–December"}}, {"year": 1348, "year_label": "1348 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "April 7", "text": "April 7 – Charles University in Prague, founded the previous year by papal bull, is granted privileges by Charles I, King of Bohemia, in a golden bull.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1320392432#January–December", "title": "1348", "revid": 1320392432, "section": "Events › January–December"}}, {"year": 1357, "year_label": "1357 CE", "section": "Technology & Infrastructure", "date": "July 9", "text": "July 9 – Construction formally begins on Charles Bridge in Prague.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1274989420#January–December", "title": "1357", "revid": 1274989420, "section": "Events › January–December"}}, {"year": 1378, "year_label": "1378 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "November 29", "text": "November 29 – Charles IV, Holy Roman Emperor, dies in Prague. He is succeeded by his son, Wenceslaus, as King of Bohemia, but the office of Holy Roman Emperor falls into abeyance, until Charles's son Sigismund is crowned in 1433.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366019926#October–December", "title": "1378", "revid": 1366019926, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1410, "year_label": "1410 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": null, "text": "The Prague Astronomical Clock (also known as Prague Orloj) is built by Mikuláš of Kadaň and Jan Šindel in Prague, the capital of the Czech Republic.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1337551949#Date_unknown", "title": "1410", "revid": 1337551949, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1419, "year_label": "1419 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "July 30", "text": "July 30 – The first defenestration of Prague occurs in the Kingdom of Bohemia when a mob led by Jan Želivský storms the Town Hall and kills several members of the town council by throwing them out of a window.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1358545199#July–September", "title": "1419", "revid": 1358545199, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1422, "year_label": "1422 CE", "section": "Crime & Justice", "date": "March 9", "text": "March 9 – In Prague, the Hussite priest Jan Želivský is arrested when he appears at the city hall. Already known for overseeing the killing of Catholic civilians and the pillaging of Catholic towns outside of Prague, is blamed for the Czech Bohemian loss at the August 5 Battle of Brüx. He is sentenced to death and beheaded on the same day.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1325155630#January–March", "title": "1422", "revid": 1325155630, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1423, "year_label": "1423 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "December 24", "text": "December 24 – Hussite Wars: In what is now the Czech Republic, General Sigismund Korybut, commander of the Hussite Army, withdraws his troops from Prague on the orders of Vytautas, Grand Duke of Lithuania and Władysław II Jagiełło, King of Poland.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365656788#October–December", "title": "1423", "revid": 1365656788, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1438, "year_label": "1438 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "June 29", "text": "June 29 – The coronation of Albert II of Habsburg as King of Bohemia takes place in Prague.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365935905#April–June", "title": "1438", "revid": 1365935905, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1448, "year_label": "1448 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "September 3", "text": "September 3 – Prince George of Poděbrady, leader of the Hussites in Bohemia (now the Czech Republic) captures Prague after leading 9,000 of his troops from Kutná Hora.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367832753#July–September", "title": "1448", "revid": 1367832753, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1457, "year_label": "1457 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "November 23", "text": "November 23 – King Ladislaus V, King of Hungary, King of Croatia, and Duke of Austria since 1440, as well as King of Bohemia since 1453, dies suddenly at the age of 17 while in Prague. Although suspected by his allies to have been the victim of poisoning, examination of his remains indicates later that he died from bubonic plague. Frederick III, Holy Roman Emperor is declared Duke of Austria, while Matthias Corvinus attempts to become the new King of Hungary and Croatia, while George of Poděbrady vies to become the new King of Bohemia.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1359845780#October–December", "title": "1457", "revid": 1359845780, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1458, "year_label": "1458 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "April 2", "text": "April 2 – George of Poděbrady (King Jiří z Poděbrad) receives the Crown of Saint Wenceslas at his coronation at the St. Vitus Cathedral in Prague as King of Bohemia.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371245383#April–June", "title": "1458", "revid": 1371245383, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1465, "year_label": "1465 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "November 26", "text": "November 26 – In Bohemia, Count Jaroslav Lev of Rožmitál departs from Prague along with 40 other Bohemian lords as part of King George's project of Establishment of Peace throughout Christendom.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370409749#October–December", "title": "1465", "revid": 1370409749, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1575, "year_label": "1575 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "September 25", "text": "September 25 – At St. Vitus Cathedral in Prague, Rudolf of Habsburg, son of the Holy Roman Emperor Maximilian II, is crowned King of Bohemia by the Archbishop Antonín Brus of Mohelnice.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362481402#July–September", "title": "1575", "revid": 1362481402, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1595, "year_label": "1595 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "January 28", "text": "January 28 – The Principality of Transylvania (now encompassing most of Romania) joins the Holy League alliance with the Holy Roman Empire in a war against the Ottoman Empire, as Stephen Bocskai signs a treaty at Prague on behalf of Prince Sigismund Báthory.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1339059002#January–March", "title": "1595", "revid": 1339059002, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1598, "year_label": "1598 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "June 9", "text": "June 9 – The Principality of Wallachia becomes a vassal state of the Austrian Habsburgs and the Holy Roman Empire, after Michael the Brave (Mihai Pătrașcu, with a regnal name of Michael II) signs an agreement at Prague with Rudolf II, Holy Roman Emperor to receive protection from the Ottoman Empire.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372769896#April–June", "title": "1598", "revid": 1372769896, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1600, "year_label": "1600 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "November 7", "text": "November 7 – Emperor Rudolf II grants an audience in Prague to Persian diplomats Husayn 'Ali Beg and Anthony Shirley, and present the offer of Persia's King Abbas the Great to supply weapons to the Empire in their fight against the Ottomans.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360196741#October–December", "title": "1600", "revid": 1360196741, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1600, "year_label": "1600 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "October 20", "text": "October 20 – Persian diplomats, led by Husayn 'Ali Beg of Persia, and Englishman Anthony Shirley (who serves as translator) arrive in Prague to meet with Rudolf II, Holy Roman Emperor.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360196741#October–December", "title": "1600", "revid": 1360196741, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1601, "year_label": "1601 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "February 23", "text": "February 23 – Michael the Brave, Prince of Wallachia, arrives in Prague to enlist the assistance of Rudolf II, Holy Roman Emperor in driving Ottoman troops out of Transylvania. Michael leaves on March 5, having received a pledge of Austrian troops to the fight.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369165918#January–March", "title": "1601", "revid": 1369165918, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1604, "year_label": "1604 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "October 9", "text": "October 9 – Kepler's Supernova (SN 1604) is first observed from the northern parts of the Italian Peninsula. Beginning on October 17, Johannes Kepler begins a year's observation of it from Prague. There won't be another supernova visible to the \"naked-eye\" until 1987. , this is the last supernova to be observed in the Milky Way.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1348862771#October–December", "title": "1604", "revid": 1348862771, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1616, "year_label": "1616 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": null, "text": "The Collegium Musicum is founded in Prague.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366307823#Date_unknown", "title": "1616", "revid": 1366307823, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1620, "year_label": "1620 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "April 1", "text": "April 1 – Ferdinand II, Holy Roman Emperor and former King of Bohemia, sends a two-month ultimatum directing King Frederick of Bohemia (who has usurped the throne in the modern-day Czech Republic) to leave Bohemia by June 1. Frederick refuses to depart his capital at Prague.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1363705489#April–June", "title": "1620", "revid": 1363705489, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1620, "year_label": "1620 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "November 8", "text": "November 8 – Thirty Years' War: Battle of White Mountain – Catholic Habsburg forces are victorious over Bohemian rebels two hours from Prague.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1363705489#October–December", "title": "1620", "revid": 1363705489, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1621, "year_label": "1621 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "June 21", "text": "June 21 – Thirty Years' War: Twenty-seven Czech lords are executed on the Old Town Square in Prague, as a consequence of the Battle of White Mountain.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1358440931#April–June", "title": "1621", "revid": 1358440931, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1631, "year_label": "1631 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "October 10", "text": "October 10 – Thirty Years' War: A Saxon army takes over Prague.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1356869091#October–December", "title": "1631", "revid": 1356869091, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1649, "year_label": "1649 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "September 30", "text": "September 30 – The last of Sweden's troops vacate Prague.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367892628#July–September", "title": "1649", "revid": 1367892628, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1741, "year_label": "1741 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "November 25", "text": "November 25–26 – War of the Austrian Succession: Franco-Bavarian troops commanded by Maurice of Saxony storm in Battle of Prague city Prague.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360183595#October–December", "title": "1741", "revid": 1360183595, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1744, "year_label": "1744 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "November 1", "text": "November 1 – Second Silesian War: The Prussian Army, under the command of Field Marshal Kurt Christoph Graf von Schwerin, begins the bombardment of Prague. The Bohemian capital surrenders after two weeks.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370823870#October–December", "title": "1744", "revid": 1370823870, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1757, "year_label": "1757 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "April 21", "text": "April 21 – Battle of Reichenberg: Marshal Augustus William von Bevern enters Bohemia with a Prussian army (some 15,000 men). In Reichenberg he encounters the Austrians under the command of General Christian Moritz von Königsegg. Von Bevern defeats the Austrian troops and captures large quantities of supplies. He continues his advance on Prague.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370632620#April–June", "title": "1757", "revid": 1370632620, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1785, "year_label": "1785 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "December 11", "text": "December 11 – An edict is issued limiting Masonic lodges throughout the Holy Roman Empire by Emperor Joseph II. With the exception of Vienna, Budapest and Prague, no Empire province may have more than one lodge.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370566385#October–December", "title": "1785", "revid": 1370566385, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1787, "year_label": "1787 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "January 19", "text": "January 19 – Mozart's Symphony No. 38 is premièred in Prague.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370561702#January–March", "title": "1787", "revid": 1370561702, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1787, "year_label": "1787 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "October 29", "text": "October 29 – Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart's opera Don Giovanni (libretto by Lorenzo Da Ponte) premieres in the Estates Theatre in Prague.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370561702#October–December", "title": "1787", "revid": 1370561702, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1791, "year_label": "1791 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "September 6", "text": "September 6 – Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart's opera seria, La clemenza di Tito, premières at the Estates Theatre in Prague with Mozart conducting to mark the coronation of Leopold II as King of Bohemia.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365416177#July–September", "title": "1791", "revid": 1365416177, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1848, "year_label": "1848 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "June 17", "text": "June 17 – The Austrian army bombards Prague, and crushes a working-class revolt.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370038858#April–June", "title": "1848", "revid": 1370038858, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1866, "year_label": "1866 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "May 30", "text": "May 30 – Bedrich Smetana's comic opera The Bartered Bride premiered in Prague.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368829327#May", "title": "1866", "revid": 1368829327, "section": "Events › May"}}, {"year": 1879, "year_label": "1879 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "March 25", "text": "March 25 – Dvořák's Symphony No. 5 in F major, Op. 76, B. 54, is premiered (four years after being written) in Prague with Adolf Čech conducting.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365404244#March", "title": "1879", "revid": 1365404244, "section": "Events › March"}}, {"year": 1897, "year_label": "1897 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "January 31", "text": "January 31 – The Czechoslovak Trade Union Association is founded in Prague.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362850810#January", "title": "1897", "revid": 1362850810, "section": "Events › January"}}, {"year": 1938, "year_label": "1938 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "September 16", "text": "September 16 – Lord Runciman is recalled to London from Prague, in order to brief the British government on the situation in the Sudetenland.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368818751#September", "title": "1938", "revid": 1368818751, "section": "Events › September"}}, {"year": 1945, "year_label": "1945 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "May", "text": "The Soviet Union marks VE Day as the Red Army enters Prague, celebrated in the USSR as Victory Day.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371513862#May", "title": "1945", "revid": 1371513862, "section": "Events › May"}}, {"year": 1989, "year_label": "1989 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "November 17", "text": "November 17 – Cold War: Velvet Revolution – A peaceful student demonstration in Prague, Czechoslovakia, is severely beaten back by riot police. This sparks a revolution aimed at overthrowing the Communist government (it succeeds on December 29).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369557705#November", "title": "1989", "revid": 1369557705, "section": "Events › November"}}, {"year": 1989, "year_label": "1989 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "November 20", "text": "November 20 – Cold War: Velvet Revolution – The number of peaceful protesters assembled in Prague, Czechoslovakia, swells from 200,000 the day before to an estimated half-million.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369557705#November", "title": "1989", "revid": 1369557705, "section": "Events › November"}}, {"year": 1989, "year_label": "1989 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": "September 30", "text": "September 30 – Nearly 7,000 East Germans who had come to Prague are allowed to leave for the West on special refugee trains.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369557705#September", "title": "1989", "revid": 1369557705, "section": "Events › September"}}, {"year": 1992, "year_label": "1992 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "May 10", "text": "May 10 – Sweden wins the Ice Hockey World Championships in Czechoslovakia defeating Finland, 5–2, in the final game in Prague.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368521010#May", "title": "1992", "revid": 1368521010, "section": "Events › May"}}, {"year": 2005, "year_label": "2005 CE", "section": "Disasters & Accidents", "date": "August 14", "text": "August 14 – Helios Airways Flight 522, en route from Larnaca, Cyprus to Prague, Czech Republic via Athens, crashes in the hills near Grammatiko, Greece, killing 121 passengers and crew.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368527363#August", "title": "2005", "revid": 1368527363, "section": "Events › August"}}]}