{"slug": "punjab-region", "label": "Punjab region", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Punjab_region", "wikidata": null, "qid": null, "description": null, "entries": 12, "years": 12, "span": [-99, 1947], "span_label": ["100 BCE", "1947 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Conflict & Security", "count": 8}, {"title": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "count": 3}, {"title": "Religion & Belief", "count": 1}], "related": [{"slug": "afghanistan", "label": "Afghanistan", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "pakistan", "label": "Pakistan", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "india", "label": "India", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "scythians", "label": "Scythians", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "gujarat", "label": "Gujarat", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "december", "label": "December", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "british-army", "label": "British Army", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "buddhism", "label": "Buddhism", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "sassanid-empire", "label": "Sassanid Empire", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "kabul", "label": "Kabul", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "early-muslim-conquests", "label": "Early Muslim conquests", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "indus-river", "label": "Indus River", "shared": 1}], "items": [{"year": -99, "year_label": "100 BCE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": null, "text": "Gandhara and Punjab are ruled by the Indo-Greek king Demetrius III Aniketos.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1355643460#India", "title": "100 BC", "revid": 1355643460, "section": "Events › By place › India"}}, {"year": 120, "year_label": "120 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "The Scythians dominate western India: Punjab, Sind, the north of Gujarat and a portion of central India.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371191850#Asia", "title": "AD 120", "revid": 1371191850, "section": "Events › By place › Asia"}}, {"year": 528, "year_label": "528 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "The Hephthalites (White Huns) move from the Hindu Kush into the Punjab region, and eastward across the Ganges Delta, ravaging cities and Buddhist monasteries.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340793729#Asia", "title": "528", "revid": 1340793729, "section": "Events › By place › Asia"}}, {"year": 606, "year_label": "606 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": null, "text": "King Harsha of Thanesar establishes a northern Indian Empire, and unites the small monarchical states, from Punjab to the Indus Valley (modern Pakistan).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340802689#Asia", "title": "606", "revid": 1340802689, "section": "Events › By place › Asia"}}, {"year": 664, "year_label": "664 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Muslim Conquest: Arab forces under Al-Muhallab ibn Abi Sufra begin launching raids from Persia, striking at Multan in the southern Punjab (modern Pakistan). Muslims conquer the city of Kabul, invading from eastern Afghanistan.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367636792#Arabian_Empire", "title": "664", "revid": 1367636792, "section": "Events › By place › Arabian Empire"}}, {"year": 1762, "year_label": "1762 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "February 5", "text": "February 5 – The Great Holocaust of the Sikhs is carried out by the forces of Ahmed Shah Abdali in Punjab. In all, around 30,000 men, women and children perish in this campaign of slaughter.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340806393#January–March", "title": "1762", "revid": 1340806393, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1799, "year_label": "1799 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "July 12", "text": "July 12 – Ranjit Singh captures Lahore from the Bhangi Misl, a key step in establishing the Sikh Empire, and becoming Maharaja of the Punjab.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370057226#July–September", "title": "1799", "revid": 1370057226, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1838, "year_label": "1838 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "December", "text": "December – First Anglo-Afghan War: British and Presidency armies set out from Punjab in support of Shah Shujah Durrani's claim to the throne of Afghanistan.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360381946#October–December", "title": "1838", "revid": 1360381946, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1845, "year_label": "1845 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "December 11", "text": "December 11 – First Anglo-Sikh War: Sikh army crosses the Sutlej in the Punjab.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364939346#October–December", "title": "1845", "revid": 1364939346, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1848, "year_label": "1848 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "April 18", "text": "April 18 – The Second Anglo-Sikh War breaks out in the Punjab.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370038858#April–June", "title": "1848", "revid": 1370038858, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1901, "year_label": "1901 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "February 12", "text": "February 12 – Viceroy of India Lord Curzon creates the new North-West Frontier Province in the north of the Punjab region, bordering Afghanistan.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373318021#February", "title": "1901", "revid": 1373318021, "section": "Events › February"}}, {"year": 1947, "year_label": "1947 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "March 15", "text": "March 15 – Hindus and Muslims clash in Punjab.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371901060#March", "title": "1947", "revid": 1371901060, "section": "Events › March"}}]}