{"slug": "quebec", "label": "Quebec", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quebec", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176", "qid": "Q176", "description": "province of Canada", "entries": 48, "years": 44, "span": [1603, 2018], "span_label": ["1603 CE", "2018 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Conflict & Security", "count": 10}, {"title": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "count": 10}, {"title": "Climate & Environment", "count": 7}, {"title": "Exploration & Expansion", "count": 4}, {"title": "Culture & Society", "count": 3}, {"title": "Births", "count": 3}, {"title": "Disasters & Accidents", "count": 3}, {"title": "Crime & Justice", "count": 3}, {"title": "Technology & Infrastructure", "count": 2}, {"title": "Religion & Belief", "count": 1}, {"title": "Health & Medicine", "count": 1}, {"title": "Deaths", "count": 1}], "related": [{"slug": "montreal", "label": "Montreal", "shared": 9}, {"slug": "new-france", "label": "New France", "shared": 5}, {"slug": "samuel-de-champlain", "label": "Samuel de Champlain", "shared": 4}, {"slug": "nova-scotia", "label": "Nova Scotia", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "canada", "label": "Canada", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "ontario", "label": "Ontario", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "france", "label": "France", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "royal-navy", "label": "Royal Navy", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "british-army", "label": "British Army", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "portsmouth", "label": "Portsmouth", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "cuba", "label": "Cuba", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "massachusetts", "label": "Massachusetts", "shared": 1}], "items": [{"year": 1603, "year_label": "1603 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "May 29", "text": "May 29 – A tabagie feast is held in Tadoussac in the modern-day Canadian province of Quebec, as representatives of France", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366656830#April–June", "title": "1603", "revid": 1366656830, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1613, "year_label": "1613 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": "May 27", "text": "May 27 – After getting an official proclamation that he is the French Governor of New France, explorer Samuel de Champlain begins exploration of the area westward from Quebec, traveling along the Ottawa River.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366649732#April–June", "title": "1613", "revid": 1366649732, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1626, "year_label": "1626 CE", "section": "Climate & Environment", "date": null, "text": "Samuel de Champlain decides to build Cap tourmente (Kap toor-mont) Farm to raise livestock to provide food for settlers in Quebec, rather than depending on supplies sent from France.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367580131#Date_unknown", "title": "1626", "revid": 1367580131, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1629, "year_label": "1629 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "July 19", "text": "July 19 – Anglo-French War (1627–1629): New France's Samuel de Champlain surrenders the city of Quebec to an English force led by David Kirke.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365103352#July–September", "title": "1629", "revid": 1365103352, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1632, "year_label": "1632 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "March 29", "text": "March 29 – The Treaty of Saint-Germain-en-Laye is signed, returning Quebec to French control, after the English had seized it in 1629.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1358528035#January–March", "title": "1632", "revid": 1358528035, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1634, "year_label": "1634 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "July 4", "text": "July 4 – The city of Trois-Rivières is founded in New France, in what is the modern-day Canadian province of Quebec.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1353730997#July–September", "title": "1634", "revid": 1353730997, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1639, "year_label": "1639 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "French nobleman Jérôme le Royer de la Dauversière obtains the seigneurial title to the island of Montreal in New France (modern-day Quebec) in the name of the Société Notre-Dame de Montréal to establish a Roman Catholic mission to evangelize indigenous peoples.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360051116#Date_unknown", "title": "1639", "revid": 1360051116, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1656, "year_label": "1656 CE", "section": "Births", "date": "April 10", "text": "April 10 – René Lepage de Sainte-Claire, lord-founder of Rimouski in eastern Quebec, Canada (d. 1718)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372048661#Births", "title": "1656", "revid": 1372048661, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 1657, "year_label": "1657 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": "August 20", "text": "August 20 – The ship Les Armes d'Amsterdam arrives at Quebec, New France. Among the passengers is Michel Mathieu Brunet dit Lestang (1638–1708), colonist, explorer and co-discoverer of modern-day Green Bay, Wisconsin, and ancestor of the Brunet, Lestang and Carisse families of North America.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366656979#July–September", "title": "1657", "revid": 1366656979, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1663, "year_label": "1663 CE", "section": "Births", "date": "September 20", "text": "September 20 – Louis-François Duplessis de Mornay, Catholic bishop of Quebec (d. 1741)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365988068#Births", "title": "1663", "revid": 1365988068, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 1670, "year_label": "1670 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": "May 2", "text": "May 2 – The Hudson's Bay Company is granted a royal charter in England with the jurisdiction to control administration and commerce in \"Rupert's Land\", governed for the crown by Rupert, Duke of Cumberland, the cousin of King Charles II. The land is a 1.5 million square mile area of what is now Canada around Hudson Bay. The area controlled covers all of the modern province of Manitoba, most of Saskatchewan, and significant portions of Alberta and Nunavut, as well as parts of what are now Ontario and Quebec, and parts of the U.S. states of Minnesota, North Dakota and Montana.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368809725#April–June", "title": "1670", "revid": 1368809725, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1690, "year_label": "1690 CE", "section": "Technology & Infrastructure", "date": null, "text": "The construction of Fort Longueuil, a stone fort in Longueuil, in Quebec, Canada, is completed. It is one of the only buildings in Canada that could ever be considered a castle (fortified residence for a noble), and out of those buildings it most resembles the castles of Europe.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369486553#Date_unknown", "title": "1690", "revid": 1369486553, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1690, "year_label": "1690 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "October 6", "text": "October 6 – Massachusetts Puritans, led by Sir William Phips, besiege the city of Quebec; the siege ends in failure after six days.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369486553#October–December", "title": "1690", "revid": 1369486553, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1703, "year_label": "1703 CE", "section": "Health & Medicine", "date": null, "text": "Between 1702 and 1703 – An epidemic of smallpox breaks out in Quebec, in which 2,000-3,000 people die (300-400 in Quebec City).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369923832#Date_unknown", "title": "1703", "revid": 1369923832, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1718, "year_label": "1718 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "August 4", "text": "August 4 – René Lepage de Sainte-Claire, lord-founder of Rimouski in eastern Quebec, Canada (b. 1656)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1350255401#Deaths", "title": "1718", "revid": 1350255401, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 1732, "year_label": "1732 CE", "section": "Climate & Environment", "date": "September 16", "text": "September 16 – The magnitude 5.8 Montreal earthquake occurs in Quebec (New France).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369314491#July–September", "title": "1732", "revid": 1369314491, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1733, "year_label": "1733 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "May 29", "text": "May 29 – The right of Canadians to keep Indian slaves is upheld at Quebec.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1358761924#April–June", "title": "1733", "revid": 1358761924, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1755, "year_label": "1755 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "May 3", "text": "May 3 – France dispatches 3,600 troops to protect its Canadian colonies in Quebec from a British invasion, dispatching 2,400 to Quebec city and 1,200 to Louisbourg in Nova Scotia, unaware that a squadron of 11 fully armed warships from Britain's Royal Navy had sailed toward Canada on April 27.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360194188#April–June", "title": "1755", "revid": 1360194188, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1759, "year_label": "1759 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": "February 17", "text": "February 17 – \"The greatest fleet that had ever put out for America\" departs from Portsmouth with 250 ships", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1354612770#January–March", "title": "1759", "revid": 1354612770, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1759, "year_label": "1759 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "September 13", "text": "September 13 – Seven Years' War (French and Indian War) – Battle of the Plains of Abraham: Quebec falls to British forces, following General James Wolfe's victory just outside the city. Both the French Commander (the Marquis de Montcalm) and the British General Wolfe are fatally wounded.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1354612770#July–September", "title": "1759", "revid": 1354612770, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1760, "year_label": "1760 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "April 28", "text": "April 28 – British defenders and the French Army clash at the Battle of Sainte-Foy to determine the future control of Quebec. General Murray is forced to retreat after the British suffer 259 deaths and 845 wounded, while the French under Marshal Lévis suffer 193 deaths and 640 wounded.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1358844484#April–June", "title": "1760", "revid": 1358844484, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1765, "year_label": "1765 CE", "section": "Disasters & Accidents", "date": "May 18", "text": "May 18 – Not long after British rule has started over the formerly French colony of Quebec, an accidental fire destroys one quarter of the town of Montreal.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373039097#April–June", "title": "1765", "revid": 1373039097, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1774, "year_label": "1774 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "June 22", "text": "June 22 – The Parliament of Great Britain passes the Quebec Act, setting out rules of governance for the colony of Quebec in British North America, enlarging its territory as far south as the Ohio River and west to the Mississippi River, in the area now occupied by the U.S. states of Michigan, Wisconsin, Illinois, Indiana and Ohio and granting freedom of religion for Roman Catholics.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369560805#April–June", "title": "1774", "revid": 1369560805, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1775, "year_label": "1775 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "December 31", "text": "December 31 – American Revolution: Battle of Quebec – British forces repulse an attack by Continental Army generals Richard Montgomery and Benedict Arnold at Quebec; Montgomery is killed.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365589248#July–December", "title": "1775", "revid": 1365589248, "section": "Events › July–December"}}, {"year": 1775, "year_label": "1775 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "November 13", "text": "November 13 – American Revolution: Battle of Montreal – American forces under Brigadier General Richard Montgomery capture Montreal. British General Guy Carleton escapes to Quebec.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365589248#July–December", "title": "1775", "revid": 1365589248, "section": "Events › July–December"}}, {"year": 1837, "year_label": "1837 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "November 6", "text": "November 6 Louis-Joseph Papineau begins the Lower Canada Rebellion in the Quebec city of Montreal.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360323585#October–December", "title": "1837", "revid": 1360323585, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1847, "year_label": "1847 CE", "section": "Disasters & Accidents", "date": "April 25", "text": "April 25 – The , carrying Irish emigrants from Derry bound for Quebec, is wrecked off Islay, with only three survivors from more than 250 on board.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362575777#April–June", "title": "1847", "revid": 1362575777, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1867, "year_label": "1867 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "March 29", "text": "March 29 – The British North America Act receives royal assent, forming the Dominion of Canada, in an event known as the Confederation. This unites the Province of Canada (Quebec and Ontario), New Brunswick, and Nova Scotia on July 1. Ottawa will become the capital.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365231456#March", "title": "1867", "revid": 1365231456, "section": "Events › March"}}, {"year": 1870, "year_label": "1870 CE", "section": "Climate & Environment", "date": "October 20", "text": "October 20 – A 6.6 earthquake shakes the Canadian province of Quebec, killing 6 people.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362496807#October", "title": "1870", "revid": 1362496807, "section": "Events › October"}}, {"year": 1918, "year_label": "1918 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "May 24", "text": "May 24 – Women in Canada, excluding residents of Quebec, are granted the right to vote in federal elections.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373520023#May", "title": "1918", "revid": 1373520023, "section": "Events › May"}}, {"year": 1929, "year_label": "1929 CE", "section": "Births", "date": "September 3", "text": "September 3 – Armand Vaillancourt, Québécois Canadian sculptor, painter and performance artist", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372436446#September", "title": "1929", "revid": 1372436446, "section": "Births › September"}}, {"year": 1949, "year_label": "1949 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "September 9", "text": "September 9 – Albert Guay affair: A dynamite bomb destroys Canadian Pacific Airlines Douglas DC-3, in Quebec.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370167995#September", "title": "1949", "revid": 1370167995, "section": "Events › September"}}, {"year": 1952, "year_label": "1952 CE", "section": "Technology & Infrastructure", "date": "September 6", "text": "September 6 – The CBC in Montreal, Quebec, goes on air launching television in Canada.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373187098#September–October", "title": "1952", "revid": 1373187098, "section": "Events › September–October"}}, {"year": 1963, "year_label": "1963 CE", "section": "Crime & Justice", "date": "April 20", "text": "April 20 – In Quebec, Canada, members of the terrorist group Front de libération du Québec bomb a Canadian Army recruitment center, killing night watchman Wilfred V. O'Neill.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370539540#April", "title": "1963", "revid": 1370539540, "section": "Events › April"}}, {"year": 1967, "year_label": "1967 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "April 27", "text": "April 27 – Montreal, Quebec, Expo 67, a World's Fair to coincide with the Canadian Confederation centennial, officially opens with Prime Minister Lester B. Pearson igniting the Expo Flame in the Place des Nations.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370160888#April", "title": "1967", "revid": 1370160888, "section": "Events › April"}}, {"year": 1969, "year_label": "1969 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "May 26", "text": "May 26–June 2 – John Lennon and Yoko Ono conduct their second bed-in. The follow-up to the Amsterdam event is held at the Queen Elizabeth Hotel in Montreal, Quebec. Lennon composes and records the song \"Give Peace a Chance\" during the event.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373164180#May", "title": "1969", "revid": 1373164180, "section": "Events › May"}}, {"year": 1970, "year_label": "1970 CE", "section": "Crime & Justice", "date": "October 10", "text": "October 10 – October Crisis: In Montreal, Quebec Minister of Labour Pierre Laporte becomes the second statesman kidnapped by members of the FLQ terrorist group.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370420699#October", "title": "1970", "revid": 1370420699, "section": "Events › October"}}, {"year": 1970, "year_label": "1970 CE", "section": "Crime & Justice", "date": "October 5", "text": "October 5 – The Front de libération du Québec (FLQ) kidnaps British trade commissioner James Cross in Montreal and demands release of all imprisoned FLQ members, beginning Quebec's October Crisis. The next day the Canadian government announces that it will not meet the demand.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370420699#October", "title": "1970", "revid": 1370420699, "section": "Events › October"}}, {"year": 1971, "year_label": "1971 CE", "section": "Climate & Environment", "date": "March 4", "text": "March 4 – The southern part of Quebec, and especially Montreal, receives \" (42 cm) of snow in what becomes known as the Century's Snowstorm (la tempête du siècle).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369905382#March", "title": "1971", "revid": 1369905382, "section": "Events › March"}}, {"year": 1977, "year_label": "1977 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "August 26", "text": "August 26 – The National Assembly of Quebec passes the Charter of the French Language (Law 101, La charte de la langue française) making French the official language of the Canadian province of Quebec.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371657539#August", "title": "1977", "revid": 1371657539, "section": "Events › August"}}, {"year": 1980, "year_label": "1980 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "May 20", "text": "May 20 – 1980 Quebec referendum: Voters in Quebec reject, by a vote of 60%, a proposal to seek independence from Canada.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1363797378#May", "title": "1980", "revid": 1363797378, "section": "Events › May"}}, {"year": 1987, "year_label": "1987 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "April 30", "text": "April 30 – Canadian Prime Minister Brian Mulroney and the Provincial Premiers agree in principle to the Meech Lake Accord which would bring Quebec into the constitution.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372769014#April", "title": "1987", "revid": 1372769014, "section": "Events › April"}}, {"year": 1992, "year_label": "1992 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "August 24", "text": "August 24 – Concordia University massacre: Valery Fabrikant murders four colleagues and seriously wounds another in a shooting at Concordia University, in Montreal, Quebec.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368521010#August", "title": "1992", "revid": 1368521010, "section": "Events › August"}}, {"year": 1993, "year_label": "1993 CE", "section": "Climate & Environment", "date": "March 13", "text": "March 13–15 – The 1993 Storm of the Century strikes the eastern U.S., bringing record snowfall and other severe weather all the way from Cuba to Quebec; it reportedly kills 184 people.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366430372#March", "title": "1993", "revid": 1366430372, "section": "Events › March"}}, {"year": 1995, "year_label": "1995 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "October 30", "text": "October 30 – Quebec independentists narrowly lose a referendum for a mandate to negotiate independence from Canada.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372467239#October", "title": "1995", "revid": 1372467239, "section": "Events › October"}}, {"year": 1996, "year_label": "1996 CE", "section": "Climate & Environment", "date": "July 21", "text": "July 21 – The Saguenay Flood, one of Canada's most costly natural disasters, is caused by flooding on the Saguenay River in Quebec.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371596794#July", "title": "1996", "revid": 1371596794, "section": "Events › July"}}, {"year": 2013, "year_label": "2013 CE", "section": "Disasters & Accidents", "date": "July 6", "text": "July 6 – A runaway train carrying crude oil derails in Lac-Mégantic, Quebec, catching fire and exploding, killing 47 people.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373160550#July", "title": "2013", "revid": 1373160550, "section": "Events › July"}}, {"year": 2018, "year_label": "2018 CE", "section": "Climate & Environment", "date": "July 5", "text": "July 5 – The 2018 North American heat wave takes place, killing 33 people in the Canadian province of Quebec.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373090883#July", "title": "2018", "revid": 1373090883, "section": "Events › July"}}]}