{"slug": "republic-of-ireland", "label": "Republic of Ireland", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republic_of_Ireland", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q27", "qid": "Q27", "description": "country in Northwestern Europe", "entries": 29, "years": 25, "span": [527, 2025], "span_label": ["527 CE", "2025 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "count": 11}, {"title": "Conflict & Security", "count": 4}, {"title": "Culture & Society", "count": 4}, {"title": "Exploration & Expansion", "count": 2}, {"title": "Economy & Finance", "count": 2}, {"title": "Technology & Infrastructure", "count": 2}, {"title": "Deaths", "count": 1}, {"title": "Religion & Belief", "count": 1}, {"title": "Health & Medicine", "count": 1}, {"title": "Science & Discovery", "count": 1}], "related": [{"slug": "taoiseach", "label": "Taoiseach", "shared": 9}, {"slug": "united-kingdom", "label": "United Kingdom", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "northern-ireland", "label": "Northern Ireland", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "european-union", "label": "European Union", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "dublin", "label": "Dublin", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "leinster", "label": "Leinster", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "president-of-ireland", "label": "President of Ireland", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "spain", "label": "Spain", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "italy", "label": "Italy", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "europe", "label": "Europe", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "socialist-federal-republic-of-yugoslavia", "label": "Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "richard-nixon", "label": "Richard Nixon", "shared": 1}], "items": [{"year": 527, "year_label": "527 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Illan mac Dúnlainge, king of Leinster (Ireland)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340793725#Deaths", "title": "527", "revid": 1340793725, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 588, "year_label": "588 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "The Skellig Michael monastery is founded on a steep rocky island off the coast of Ireland (approximate date).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364753170#Religion", "title": "588", "revid": 1364753170, "section": "Events › By topic › Religion"}}, {"year": 722, "year_label": "722 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "The Battle of Allen is fought close by the Hill of Allen (Ireland) between the Laigin, led by King Murchad mac Brain Mut, and the forces of Fergal mac Máele Dúin (High King of Ireland).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340808641#Britain", "title": "722", "revid": 1340808641, "section": "Events › By place › Britain"}}, {"year": 914, "year_label": "914 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": null, "text": "Viking raiders establish a settlement near Waterford (Ireland) led by Ottir (the Black). The Dublin Vikings are forced to pay tribute to the Irish kings of Meath and Leinster as the price to keeping their independence.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1355643516#Europe", "title": "914", "revid": 1355643516, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 1820, "year_label": "1820 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "July 20", "text": "July 20 – Saint Cronan's Boys' National School opens in Bray, County Wicklow, Ireland under the title Bray Male School. Its notable pupils will include President of Ireland Cearbhall Ó Dálaigh.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368795492#July–September", "title": "1820", "revid": 1368795492, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1937, "year_label": "1937 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "December 29", "text": "December 29 – The new Constitution of Ireland (Bunreacht na hÉireann) comes into force. The Irish Free State becomes \"Ireland\", and Éamon de Valera becomes the first Taoiseach (prime minister) of the new state. A Presidential Commission (made up the Chief Justice, the Speaker of Dáil Éireann, and the President of the High Court) assumes the powers of the new presidency, pending the popular election of the first President of Ireland in June 1938. The new constitution prohibits divorce.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371759714#December", "title": "1937", "revid": 1371759714, "section": "Events › December"}}, {"year": 1943, "year_label": "1943 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "March 17", "text": "March 17 (Saint Patrick's Day) – Éamon de Valera, Taoiseach of the Republic of Ireland, makes the speech \"The Ireland That We Dreamed Of\", commonly called the \"comely maidens\" speech, in Dublin Castle.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373526844#March", "title": "1943", "revid": 1373526844, "section": "Events › March"}}, {"year": 1959, "year_label": "1959 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "June 23", "text": "June 23 – Seán Lemass becomes the third Taoiseach of Ireland.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370221732#June", "title": "1959", "revid": 1370221732, "section": "Events › June"}}, {"year": 1965, "year_label": "1965 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "January 14", "text": "January 14 – The First Minister of Northern Ireland and the Taoiseach of the Republic of Ireland meet for the first time in 43 years.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368843670#January–February", "title": "1965", "revid": 1368843670, "section": "Events › January–February"}}, {"year": 1966, "year_label": "1966 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "November 10", "text": "November 10 – Seán Lemass retires as Taoiseach of the Republic of Ireland, to be replaced in the role by fellow Fianna Fáil member Jack Lynch.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370246126#November", "title": "1966", "revid": 1370246126, "section": "Events › November"}}, {"year": 1970, "year_label": "1970 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "May 6", "text": "May 6 – Arms Crisis in the Republic of Ireland: Charles Haughey and Neil Blaney are dismissed as members of the Irish Government for accusations of their involvement in a plot to import arms for use by the Provisional Irish Republican Army in Northern Ireland.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370420699#May", "title": "1970", "revid": 1370420699, "section": "Events › May"}}, {"year": 1970, "year_label": "1970 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": "September 27", "text": "September 27 – Richard Nixon begins a tour of Europe, visiting Italy, Yugoslavia, Spain, the United Kingdom and Republic of Ireland.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370420699#September", "title": "1970", "revid": 1370420699, "section": "Events › September"}}, {"year": 1973, "year_label": "1973 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "February 28", "text": "February 28 – The Republic of Ireland general election is held. Liam Cosgrave becomes the new Taoiseach.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373239256#February", "title": "1973", "revid": 1373239256, "section": "Events › February"}}, {"year": 1973, "year_label": "1973 CE", "section": "Economy & Finance", "date": "January 1", "text": "January 1 – The United Kingdom, the Republic of Ireland, and Denmark enter the European Economic Community, which later becomes the European Union.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373239256#January", "title": "1973", "revid": 1373239256, "section": "Events › January"}}, {"year": 1974, "year_label": "1974 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "May 17", "text": "May 17 – The Troubles: The Dublin and Monaghan bombings are carried out by the Ulster Volunteer Force, when they explode four car bombs in counties Dublin and Monaghan in the Republic of Ireland. The attacks kill 33 civilians and wound almost 300, the highest number of casualties in any single event during the conflict.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372602919#May–June", "title": "1974", "revid": 1372602919, "section": "Events › May–June"}}, {"year": 1976, "year_label": "1976 CE", "section": "Health & Medicine", "date": "September 1", "text": "September 1 – The state of emergency in the Republic of Ireland legally still in force since 1939 is lifted.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372603253#September", "title": "1976", "revid": 1372603253, "section": "Events › September"}}, {"year": 1978, "year_label": "1978 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "January 24", "text": "January 24 – Rose Dugdale and Eddie Gallagher become the first convicted prisoners to marry in prison since the establishment of the Republic of Ireland.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370022681#January", "title": "1978", "revid": 1370022681, "section": "Events › January"}}, {"year": 1978, "year_label": "1978 CE", "section": "Technology & Infrastructure", "date": "November 2", "text": "November 2: 8:00 pm – The Republic of Ireland's second television channel RTÉ 2 goes on air (renamed Network 2, 1988; RTÉ Network Two, 1995; N2, 1997; and RTÉ Two in 2004).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370022681#November", "title": "1978", "revid": 1370022681, "section": "Events › November"}}, {"year": 1982, "year_label": "1982 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "January 27", "text": "January 27 – The government of Garret FitzGerald in Ireland is defeated 82–81 on its budget; the 22nd Dáil is dissolved.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373279023#January", "title": "1982", "revid": 1373279023, "section": "Events › January"}}, {"year": 1992, "year_label": "1992 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "June 18", "text": "June 18 – Ireland votes for the Eleventh Amendment of the Constitution of Ireland to accept the Maastricht Treaty with a popular vote of over 69%.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368521010#June", "title": "1992", "revid": 1368521010, "section": "Events › June"}}, {"year": 1997, "year_label": "1997 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "June 26", "text": "June 26 – Bertie Ahern is appointed as the 10th Taoiseach of the Republic of Ireland and Mary Harney is appointed as the 16th, and first female, Tánaiste, after their parties, Fianna Fáil and the Progressive Democrats respectively, win the 1997 General Election.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367978156#June", "title": "1997", "revid": 1367978156, "section": "Events › June"}}, {"year": 1998, "year_label": "1998 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "December 1", "text": "December 1 – Ireland formally relinquishes its territorial claim over Northern Ireland and recognizes the United Kingdom's sovereignty there.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373236679#December", "title": "1998", "revid": 1373236679, "section": "Events › December"}}, {"year": 2007, "year_label": "2007 CE", "section": "Technology & Infrastructure", "date": "June 29", "text": "June 29 – The iPhone, the first modern smartphone, is released in the United States. It is later released in the United Kingdom, Ireland, France, Germany, and Austria, in November 2007.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370930640#June", "title": "2007", "revid": 1370930640, "section": "Events › June"}}, {"year": 2009, "year_label": "2009 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "October 2", "text": "October 2 – Ireland holds a second referendum on the EU's Lisbon Treaty. The amendment is approved by the Irish electorate, having been rejected in the Lisbon I referendum held last year.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367728140#October", "title": "2009", "revid": 1367728140, "section": "Events › October"}}, {"year": 2010, "year_label": "2010 CE", "section": "Economy & Finance", "date": "November 21", "text": "November 21 – Eurozone countries agree to a rescue package for the Republic of Ireland from the European Financial Stability Facility in response to the country's financial crisis.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372829682#November", "title": "2010", "revid": 1372829682, "section": "Events › November"}}, {"year": 2019, "year_label": "2019 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "October 8", "text": "October 8 – About 200 Extinction Rebellion activists block the gates of Leinster House (parliament) in the Republic of Ireland.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373255188#October", "title": "2019", "revid": 1373255188, "section": "Events › October"}}, {"year": 2019, "year_label": "2019 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "September 30", "text": "September 30 – The Republic of Ireland promises to plant 440 million trees in twenty years to combat climate change.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373255188#September", "title": "2019", "revid": 1373255188, "section": "Events › September"}}, {"year": 2022, "year_label": "2022 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "December 17", "text": "December 17 – Leo Varadkar succeeds Micheál Martin as Taoiseach (Prime Minister) of Ireland, as part of a rotation agreement made in 2020.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371998228#December", "title": "2022", "revid": 1371998228, "section": "Events › December"}}, {"year": 2025, "year_label": "2025 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "January 23", "text": "January 23 – Micheál Martin is re-elected prime minister (Taoiseach) of Ireland by Dáil Éireann for a second non-consecutive term.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372865033#January", "title": "2025", "revid": 1372865033, "section": "Events › January"}}]}