{"slug": "riksdag-of-the-estates", "label": "Riksdag of the Estates", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Riksdag_of_the_Estates", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2255390", "qid": "Q2255390", "description": "name used for the Estates of Sweden when they were assembled", "entries": 15, "years": 12, "span": [1435, 1866], "span_label": ["1435 CE", "1866 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "count": 10}, {"title": "Culture & Society", "count": 3}, {"title": "Conflict & Security", "count": 2}], "related": [{"slug": "sweden", "label": "Sweden", "shared": 7}, {"slug": "old-style", "label": "Old Style", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "lutheranism", "label": "Lutheranism", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "sigismund-iii-vasa", "label": "Sigismund III Vasa", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "charles-ix-of-sweden", "label": "Charles IX of Sweden", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "russian-empire", "label": "Russian Empire", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "alexander-i-of-russia", "label": "Alexander I of Russia", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "william-iii-of-england", "label": "William III of England", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "mary-ii", "label": "Mary II", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "marshal-of-france", "label": "Marshal of France", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "crown-prince", "label": "Crown prince", "shared": 1}], "items": [{"year": 1435, "year_label": "1435 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "January 11", "text": "January 11 – Sweden's first Riksdag of the Estates is summoned under rebel leader Engelbrekt Engelbrektsson, who is elected rikshövitsman (military commander of the realm), in the absence of a king, on January 13.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370372061#January–March", "title": "1435", "revid": 1370372061, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1436, "year_label": "1436 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "May 4", "text": "May 4 – Swedish leader Engelbrekt Engelbrektsson is assassinated by aristocrat Måns Bengtsson while he is on his way to Stockholm for negotiations. Karl Knutsson Bonde temporarily holds the position of leader of Sweden alone. The first meeting of the Riksdag of the Estates of Sweden takes place afterwards, in Uppsala.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1351320639#April–July", "title": "1436", "revid": 1351320639, "section": "Events › April–July"}}, {"year": 1527, "year_label": "1527 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "June 17", "text": "June 17 – The Protestant Reformation begins in Sweden. The Riksdag of the Estates in Västerås adopts Lutheranism as the state religion, in place of Roman Catholicism. This results in the confiscation of church property and dissolution of Catholic convents in accordance with the Reduction of Gustav I of Sweden.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366980186#April–June", "title": "1527", "revid": 1366980186, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1595, "year_label": "1595 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": null, "text": "The Riksdag of the Estates at Söderköping in Sweden elects the Lutheran Duke Charles as the country's regent, in place of Sigismund III Vasa, King of Poland and Sweden.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1339059002#Date_unknown", "title": "1595", "revid": 1339059002, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1612, "year_label": "1612 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "January 6", "text": "January 6 – Axel Oxenstierna becomes Lord High Chancellor of Sweden. He persuades the Riksdag of the Estates to grant the Swedish nobility the right and privilege to hold all higher offices of government.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366306597#January–March", "title": "1612", "revid": 1366306597, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1680, "year_label": "1680 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "October 29", "text": "October 29 – At the request of King Charles XI of Sweden, the Riksdag in Sweden enacts the Great Reduction, returning fiefs which had been granted to the Swedish nobility to the Crown. The nation becomes an absolute monarchy under the rule of Charles.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365997201#October–December", "title": "1680", "revid": 1365997201, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1719, "year_label": "1719 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "February 3", "text": "February 3 (January 23 Old Style) – The Riksdag of the Estates (the parliament of Sweden) recognizes Ulrika Eleonora's claim to the Swedish throne, after she has agreed to sign a new Swedish constitution. Thus, she is recognized as queen regnant of Sweden.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365415998#January–March", "title": "1719", "revid": 1365415998, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1720, "year_label": "1720 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "March 11", "text": "March 11 (February 29 Old Style) – Queen Ulrika Eleonora of Sweden resigns, to let her husband Frederick I take over as king of Sweden. She had desired a joint rule, in a similar manner to William III and Mary II in Britain, but as the Riksdag of the Estates (Sweden's parliament) refuses this, she abdicates in her husband's favour instead.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1358044251#January–March", "title": "1720", "revid": 1358044251, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1756, "year_label": "1756 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "June 22", "text": "June 22 – The Coup of 1756, an attempted coup d'état planned by Queen Louisa Ulrika of Sweden, to abolish the rule of the Riksdag of the Estates and reinstate absolute monarchy in Sweden with the support of the Hovpartiet, is exposed and subdued.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1349937992#April–June", "title": "1756", "revid": 1349937992, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1809, "year_label": "1809 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "June 6", "text": "June 6 – Sweden promulgates a new Instrument of Government, which restores political power to the Riksdag of the Estates, after authoritarian rule since 1772. On the same day, Duke Charles (uncle of the deposed king Gustav IV Adolf) is elected King, under the name Charles XIII. In November he is affected by a heart attack and will be largely incapacitated for the remainder of his reign (until 1818).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1349276571#April–June", "title": "1809", "revid": 1349276571, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1809, "year_label": "1809 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "March 29", "text": "March 29 – At the Diet of Porvoo, Finland's four Estates pledge allegiance to Alexander I of Russia, commencing the secession of the future Grand Duchy of Finland from Sweden. The Emperor, in return, promises to retain and uphold former laws and privileges, as well as the dominant Lutheran religion. His pledge is later interpreted by the Finns as a confirmation of constitutional laws, which had, effectively, established Finland as a separate state in real union with Russia.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1349276571#January–March", "title": "1809", "revid": 1349276571, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1809, "year_label": "1809 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "May 10", "text": "May 10 – Gustav IV Adolf is officially deposed from the Swedish throne, by the Riksdag of the Estates.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1349276571#April–June", "title": "1809", "revid": 1349276571, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1810, "year_label": "1810 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "August 21", "text": "August 21 – Jean Baptiste Bernadotte, Marshal of France, is elected Crown Prince of Sweden, by the Swedish Riksdag of the Estates.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1357106545#July–September", "title": "1810", "revid": 1357106545, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1810, "year_label": "1810 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "September 26", "text": "September 26 – A new Act of Succession is adopted by the Riksdag of the Estates, and Jean Baptiste Bernadotte becomes heir to the Swedish throne.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1357106545#July–September", "title": "1810", "revid": 1357106545, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1866, "year_label": "1866 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "June 22", "text": "June 22 – In Sweden, the Riksdag of the Estates votes to replace itself by an elected two-chamber Riksdag.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368829327#June", "title": "1866", "revid": 1368829327, "section": "Events › June"}}]}