{"slug": "roman-dictator", "label": "Roman dictator", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_dictator", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q236885", "qid": "Q236885", "description": "emergency magistrate of the Roman Republic, whose action are not subject to a veto", "entries": 18, "years": 18, "span": [-500, -43], "span_label": ["501 BCE", "44 BCE"], "topics": [{"title": "Conflict & Security", "count": 8}, {"title": "Religion & Belief", "count": 5}, {"title": "Deaths", "count": 2}, {"title": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "count": 2}, {"title": "Climate & Environment", "count": 1}], "related": [{"slug": "roman-republic", "label": "Roman Republic", "shared": 6}, {"slug": "roman-senate", "label": "Roman Senate", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "samnites", "label": "Samnites", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "rome", "label": "Rome", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "veii", "label": "Veii", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "roman-consul", "label": "Roman consul", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "patrician-ancient-rome", "label": "Patrician (ancient Rome)", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "roman-triumph", "label": "Roman triumph", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "aequi", "label": "Aequi", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "etruscan-civilization", "label": "Etruscan civilization", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "apulia", "label": "Apulia", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "latium", "label": "Latium", "shared": 1}], "items": [{"year": -500, "year_label": "501 BCE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "In response to threats by the Sabines, Rome creates the office of dictator.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1322276305#Mediterranean", "title": "501 BC", "revid": 1322276305, "section": "Events › By place › Mediterranean"}}, {"year": -459, "year_label": "460 BCE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Conflicts arise between the Roman patricians and plebeians. There is also a revolt by Rome's slaves. During the revolt, the Campidoglio is held by the slaves for a lengthy period, along with the most important temples of Rome. It is during this revolt that consul Publius Valerius Publicola dies. The revolt only ends with the arrival of an army from Tusculum, led by Tusculan dictator Lucius Mamilius. Meanwhile, Lucius Quinctius Cincinnatus is appointed as consul to replace Publicola.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1354173290#Roman_Republic", "title": "460 BC", "revid": 1354173290, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Republic"}}, {"year": -457, "year_label": "458 BCE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "The Roman general Lucius Quinctius Cincinnatus is summoned by the Roman Senate to defend the city from attack by the approaching Aequi. He is named dictator of Rome for six months. He goes on to defeat the enemy in a single day at the Battle of Mount Algidus and celebrates a triumph in Rome. Sixteen days after the battle, he resigns his dictatorship and returns to his farm.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1306222884#Roman_Republic", "title": "458 BC", "revid": 1306222884, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Republic"}}, {"year": -395, "year_label": "396 BCE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Marcus Furius Camillus is made dictator by the Romans. Camillus finally destroys the Etruscan city of Veii in southern Etruria as the town falls to Roman forces after what is said to be a 10 year siege. The capture of Veii and its surrounding territories marks the first major expansion of Rome which doubles its territory after this victory.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1306223289#Roman_Republic", "title": "396 BC", "revid": 1306223289, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Republic"}}, {"year": -390, "year_label": "391 BCE", "section": "Climate & Environment", "date": null, "text": "The Roman dictator Marcus Furius Camillus is accused of making an unfair distribution of the spoils of his victory at Veii. He goes into voluntary exile.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367650502#Roman_Republic", "title": "391 BC", "revid": 1367650502, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Republic"}}, {"year": -355, "year_label": "356 BCE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "Gaius Marcius Rutilus is the first plebeian to be chosen as a dictator in Rome.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1343819365#Roman_Republic", "title": "356 BC", "revid": 1343819365, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Republic"}}, {"year": -315, "year_label": "316 BCE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "The Romans, with an eye to capturing Apulia, send an army (led by dictator Quintus Fabius Maximus Rullianus) to seize the town of Lucera from the Samnites. They are badly beaten in the Battle of Lautulae and the Samnites go on to reach within 32 kilometres of Rome.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1007737454#Roman_Republic", "title": "316 BC", "revid": 1007737454, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Republic"}}, {"year": -314, "year_label": "315 BCE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "The Samnites defeat a Roman army led by dictator Quintus Fabius Maximus Rullianus at the Battle of Lautulae.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367539376#Roman_Republic", "title": "315 BC", "revid": 1367539376, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Republic"}}, {"year": -313, "year_label": "314 BCE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "While the consuls are fighting the Samnites at Tarracina, the Romans elect Gaius Maenius as Dictator with Marcus Foslius Flaccinator as his Magister Equitum (Master-of-Horse, Second-in-Command) and send them into Campania at the head of a large army. When Maenius and Foslius arrive near Capua, the Campanians, hearing about the defeat of the Samnites at Tarracina, start negotiating terms with the Romans; they surrender those who are guilty of the uprising and in turn are reinstated in their alliance with Rome.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1242240408#Roman_Republic", "title": "314 BC", "revid": 1242240408, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Republic"}}, {"year": -312, "year_label": "313 BCE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "The Samnites take Fregellae in Latium, the Roman dictator Gaius Poetelius Libo Visolus marches his army from Rome and moves to retake it, but the Samnites leave at night; Visolus places a garrison in the city.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1300255025#Italy", "title": "313 BC", "revid": 1300255025, "section": "Events › By place › Italy"}}, {"year": -311, "year_label": "312 BCE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "The Second Samnite War continues: there are rumours of a mobilisation of the Etruscans; since the consul Marcus Valerius Maximus Corvus is campaigning in Samnium and his consular colleague Publius Decius Mus is to ill to lead an army, the people appoint Gaius Sulpicius Longus as dictator. Sulpicius appoints Gaius Junius Bubulcus Brutus as his Magister Equitum (Second-in-command). Sulpicius ' mission is to defend against the Etruscan invasion which never materialize; Sulpicius and Brutus remain in camp at Rome until the end of the campaigning season.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1354172925#Italy", "title": "312 BC", "revid": 1354172925, "section": "Events › By place › Italy"}}, {"year": -216, "year_label": "217 BCE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "Gaius Flaminius' supporters in the Senate begin to lose power to the more aristocratic factions as the Romans fear Hannibal is about to besiege their city. The Senate appoint Quintus Fabius Maximus Verrucosus as dictator.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1306223252#Roman_Republic", "title": "217 BC", "revid": 1306223252, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Republic"}}, {"year": -174, "year_label": "175 BCE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Quintus Caecilius Metellus, Roman consul and dictator (b. c. 250 BC)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1361124288#Deaths", "title": "175 BC", "revid": 1361124288, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": -80, "year_label": "81 BCE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": null, "text": "Sulla is appointed dictator, executes his political enemies in a series of proscriptions, and implements aristocratic reforms to the Roman government.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367369494#Roman_Republic", "title": "81 BC", "revid": 1367369494, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Republic"}}, {"year": -78, "year_label": "79 BCE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": null, "text": "Sulla renounces his dictatorship.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1325704258#Roman_republic", "title": "79 BC", "revid": 1325704258, "section": "Events › By place › Roman republic"}}, {"year": -48, "year_label": "49 BCE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "October", "text": "October – Caesar is appointed Dictator in Rome.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1347951543#Roman_Republic", "title": "49 BC", "revid": 1347951543, "section": "Events › By place and Date › Roman Republic"}}, {"year": -44, "year_label": "45 BCE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "Caesar is named dictator for life.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1361069382#Roman_Republic", "title": "45 BC", "revid": 1361069382, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Republic"}}, {"year": -43, "year_label": "44 BCE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "March 15", "text": "March 15 (the Ides of March) – Julius Caesar, dictator of Rome, is assassinated by a group of senators, amongst them Gaius Cassius Longinus, Marcus Junius Brutus, and Caesar's Massilian naval commander, Decimus Brutus.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362159803#Roman_Republic", "title": "44 BC", "revid": 1362159803, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Republic"}}]}