{"slug": "saaremaa", "label": "Saaremaa", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saaremaa", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q951302", "qid": "Q951302", "description": "largest island in Estonia", "entries": 13, "years": 13, "span": [1008, 1919], "span_label": ["1008 CE", "1919 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Conflict & Security", "count": 7}, {"title": "Exploration & Expansion", "count": 3}, {"title": "Religion & Belief", "count": 1}, {"title": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "count": 1}, {"title": "Disasters & Accidents", "count": 1}], "related": [{"slug": "livonian-crusade", "label": "Livonian Crusade", "shared": 6}, {"slug": "estonia", "label": "Estonia", "shared": 5}, {"slug": "estonians", "label": "Estonians", "shared": 4}, {"slug": "livonian-order", "label": "Livonian Order", "shared": 4}, {"slug": "baltic-sea", "label": "Baltic Sea", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "livonian-brothers-of-the-sword", "label": "Livonian Brothers of the Sword", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "denmark", "label": "Denmark", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "kingdom-of-norway-8721397", "label": "Kingdom of Norway (872–1397)", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "tallinn", "label": "Tallinn", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "riga", "label": "Riga", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "grand-duchy-of-lithuania", "label": "Grand Duchy of Lithuania", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "teutonic-order", "label": "Teutonic Order", "shared": 1}], "items": [{"year": 1008, "year_label": "1008 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": null, "text": "Olaf Haraldsson, future king of Norway, makes raids in the Baltic Sea. He lands on the Estonian island of Saaremaa, wins a battle there, and forces the inhabitants to pay tribute.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1341910052#Europe", "title": "1008", "revid": 1341910052, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 1206, "year_label": "1206 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "King Valdemar II (\"the Conqueror\") and Archbishop Andreas Sunonis raid Saaremaa Island (modern Estonia), forcing the islanders to submit. The Danes build a fortress, but finding no volunteers to man it, they burn it down themselves and leave the island.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1267066460#Europe", "title": "1206", "revid": 1267066460, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 1222, "year_label": "1222 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": null, "text": "Livonian Crusade – The Danish fail in their attempt to conquer Saaremaa Island from the Estonians.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371224827#Europe", "title": "1222", "revid": 1371224827, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 1224, "year_label": "1224 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Livonian Crusade: The Livonian Brothers of the Sword defeat the Estonians and reconquer the captured strongholds on the Estonian mainland. With the surrender of the Tartu stronghold, only the islands of Saaremaa and Muhu remain under Estonian control.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369561506#Europe", "title": "1224", "revid": 1369561506, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 1227, "year_label": "1227 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Spring – Livonian Crusade: The Livonian Brothers of the Sword and their Crusader allies (some 20,000 men) cross the sea ice from mainland Estonia, and defeat the last Estonian strongholds in the Battle of Muhu and the siege of the Valjala Stronghold in the Saaremaa islands. This marks the end of the Estonian campaign in the Livonian Crusade. The Sword Brothers conquer Danish Estonia, and Tallinn is given town rights under Riga law.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367488499#Europe", "title": "1227", "revid": 1367488499, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 1237, "year_label": "1237 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Livonian Crusade: The Livonian Brothers of the Sword are absorbed into the Teutonic Order, as the autonomous Livonian Order. An Estonian rebellion begins on Saaremaa Island (located in the Baltic Sea).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1300110077#Europe", "title": "1237", "revid": 1300110077, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 1241, "year_label": "1241 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Livonian Crusade: The Estonian rebellion of 1237 is suppressed on Saaremaa Island, by the Livonian Order.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362486166#Events", "title": "1241", "revid": 1362486166, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1260, "year_label": "1260 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "July 13", "text": "July 13 – Livonian Crusade: The Baltic Samogitians and Curonians of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania decisively defeat the Livonian Order in the Battle of Durbe. This leads the Estonians of Saaremaa Island to once again rebel against the Livonian Order.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366894029#Europe", "title": "1260", "revid": 1366894029, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 1344, "year_label": "1344 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "April 23", "text": "April 23 – The St. George's Night Uprising: The Livonian Order hangs Vesse, the rebel Estonian Elder of Saaremaa Island.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1292555127#January–December", "title": "1344", "revid": 1292555127, "section": "Events › January–December"}}, {"year": 1645, "year_label": "1645 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "August 23", "text": "August 23 (August 13 Old Style) – The Treaty of Brömsebro is signed between Sweden and Denmark–Norway, ending the Torstenson War and ceding Jemtland, Herjedalen, Gotland and Ösel (Saaremaa) to Sweden, which also holds the province of Halland for a period of 30 years, as a guarantee.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370309626#July–September", "title": "1645", "revid": 1370309626, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1896, "year_label": "1896 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": "July 27", "text": "July 27 – A causeway is opened between the islands of Saaremaa and Muhu in Estonia.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364785538#July", "title": "1896", "revid": 1364785538, "section": "Events › July"}}, {"year": 1918, "year_label": "1918 CE", "section": "Disasters & Accidents", "date": "December 5", "text": "December 5 – Estonian War of Independence: The British light cruiser strikes a mine and sinks near Saaremaa in the Baltic Sea, killing 11 sailors.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373520023#December", "title": "1918", "revid": 1373520023, "section": "Events › December"}}, {"year": 1919, "year_label": "1919 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "February 16", "text": "February 16–21 – Estonian War of Independence: Uniformed peasants in Saaremaa rebel against the government of Estonia; the rebellion is crushed by government forces, leaving more than 200 dead.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373508849#February", "title": "1919", "revid": 1373508849, "section": "Events › February"}}]}